Video Coding Algorithm Based on High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) and Hybrid Transforms

( Chengyou Wang ),( Rongyang Shan ),( Xiao Zhou ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2018 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.12 No.9

In recent years, due to its high efficiency and better performance, the high efficiency video coding (HEVC) has become the most common compression standard in the field of video coding. In this paper, the framework of HEVC is deeply analyzed, and an improved HEVC video coding algorithm based on all phase biorthogonal transform (APBT) is proposed, where APBT is utilized to replace the discrete cosine transform (DCT) and discrete sine transform (DST) in original HEVC standard. Based on the relationship between APBT and DCT, the integer APBT is deduced. To further improve the coding performance, an optimal HEVC video coding algorithm based on hybrid APBT is proposed. The coding performance of the proposed HEVC coding algorithm is improved without increasing the complexity. Experimental results show that compared with HEVC standard algorithm, the improved HEVC video coding algorithm based on hybrid APBT can improve the coding performance of chrominance components by about 0.3%.

Wyner-Ziv 비디오 부호화를 위한 비트배정

박종빈(Jongbin Park),전병우(Byeungwoo Jeon) 大韓電子工學會 2010 電子工學會論文誌-SP (Signal processing) Vol.47 No.1

본 논문에서는 Wyner-Ziv 비디오 부호화를 위한 비트배정 방법을 제안한다. 손실 압축을 하는 분산 비디오 부호화 기술인 Wyner-Ziv 비디오 부호화는 부호화기에서 예측 부호화를 수행하지 않는 구조로 인해 저 복잡도 비디오 부호화의 실현이 가능하여 이동단말, 원격영상압축전송, 초저전력 비디오 부호화 등의 응용에 기대되는 기술이다. 비트율-왜곡 측면에서의 부호화 성능은 이론적으로 기존의 방법과 동일할 수 있음이 증명되었지만 지금까지 연구결과들의 비트율-왜곡 성능은 아직 이론적인 목표치에 많이 미치지 못하고 있다. 또한 H.264/AVC와 같은 기존의 비디오 부호화는 블록별로 서로 다른 양자화 값으로 부호화 될 수 있는 구조이므로 다양한 비트배정 기술이 연구되었으나, Wyner-Ziv 비디오 부호화의 한 가지 방법인 변환 영역에서의 Wyner-Ziv 방법 (Transform Domain Wyner-Ziv; TDWZ)의 경우 영상 전체에 해당하는 정보를 하나의 메시지로 묶어서 부호화 및 복호화 하므로, 영역 별로 차등화 된 비트할당이 어려워 목표로 하는 비트율로 부호화 수행이 어려웠다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 부호화기에서 영역별 영상 특성을 예측하여 할당해야할 비트량을 자동으로 계산하며, 이렇게 계산한 할당 비트량은 양자화 행렬을 영역별로 적응적으로 선택하는데 사용하도록 하여 전체 영상의 부호화 성능을 향상시킬 수 있게 한다. In this paper, we propose a new bit assignment scheme for Wyner-Ziv video coding. Distributed video coding (DVC) is a new video coding paradigm which enables greatly low complexity encoding because it does not have any motion prediction module at encoder. Therefore, it is very well suited for many applications such as video communication, video surveillance, extremely low power consumption video coding, and other portable applications. Theoretically, the Wyner-Ziv video coding is proved to achieve the same rate-distortion (RD) performance comparable to that of the joint video coding. However, its RD performance has much gap compared to MC-DCT-based video coding such as H.264/AVC. Moreover, Transform Domain Wyner-Ziv (TDWZ) video coding which is a kind of DVC with transform module has difficulty of exact bit assignment because the entire image is treated as a same message. In this paper, we propose a feasible bit assignment algorithm using adaptive quantization matrix selection for the TDWZ video coding. The proposed method can calculate suitable bit amount for each region using the local characteristics of image. Simulation results show that the proposed method can enhance coding performance.

Intra Mode Selection for Depth Map Coding in 3D-HEVC

Qiuwen Zhang,Ming Chen,Lixun Huang,Qiliang Zhu,Xiaobing Wang,Yong Gan 한국산학기술학회 2014 SmartCR Vol.4 No.5

3D high efficiency video coding was recently standardized by the Joint Collaborative Team on 3D Video coding as an extension of high efficiency video coding. In the current 3D high efficiency video coding method, new depth intra modes including Depth Modeling Modes and Region Boundary Chain coding are used for depth map coding. These partition-based intra modes achieve the highest possible coding efficiency, but take an extremely long time, which hinders the practical application of the new standard. In this paper, we propose an efficient intra mode selection algorithm for depth map coding in 3D high efficiency video coding. It makes use of the coding information from a spatial neighboring depth map treeblock and the co-located texture video treeblock to predict the depth map intra mode treeblock and terminate its mode decision process early. The experimental results show that the proposed intra mode selection algorithm can achieve the average computational savings of about 40% with a negligible loss of rate distortion performance in 3D high efficiency video coding intra-only configuration.

WiMAX 망에서 계층적 비디오 멀티캐스트를 위한 적응적 변조 및 코딩의 적용

한민규(Minkyu Han),홍진표(Jinpyo Hong) 한국정보과학회 2011 정보과학회 컴퓨팅의 실제 논문지 Vol.17 No.2

WiMAX는 기본적으로 7가지의 적응적 변조 및 코딩 레벨을 제공하고 있다. 일반적으로, 높은 비트율로 변조, 코딩 된다면 전파 도달범위가 적어서 수신자의 수는 줄어들게 되고, 반대로 낮은 비트율로 전송된다면 전파 도달범위가 커져서 이를 수신할 수 있는 수신자 수는 증가하게된다. WiMAX의 MBS(Multicast and Broadcast Service)는 서비스가입자 그룹에게 멀티미디어 데이터를 전송하기위해, 일대다 접근 서비스를 제공한다. WiMAX 표준에 따르면, 유니캐스팅에서는 적응적 변조 및 코딩을 적용할 수 있으나, 멀티캐스팅에서는 하나의 변조 및 코딩 방식만 채택하는 것으로 되어 있다. 한편, H.264/SVC (Scalable Video Coding), MPEG-2등 계위적 비디오는 계층적 멀티캐스팅(Layered Multicasting)이 가능하기 때문에 수신자는 네트워크 혼잡이나 수신기 해상도에 따라 비디오 계층을 선택적으로 수신할 수 있다. 본 논문은 비디오 계층에 대해 송신할 때 변조 및 코딩 레벨을 달리 적용하여 계층적 멀티캐스팅을 하는 방식을 제안한다. 다양한 전파 지연모델을 활용하고 WiMAX 환경변수를 가정하여 변조 및 코딩방식에 따라 전파 도달범위를 계산하고, 수신자가 균일하게 분포된다고 가정할 때, 계층이 없고 QPSK 1/2로 변조 및 코딩방식을 동일하게 적용하는 표준 WiMAX 멀티캐스트에 비해 수신율을 향상시킬 수 있음을 보인다. Basically, WiMAX supports the seven levels of adaptive modulation and coding In general, if a system communicates with a high bitrate modulation and coding, the number of users may be decreasing due to the small coverage of radio signals. Otherwise, if the system transmits a low bitrate, the number of users may be increasing because of the fact that the coverage will be expanded. In order to transmit multimedia data to group of subscribers, the MBS mechanism of WiMAX provides one-to-many service for users likely multicasting services. According to the WiMAX standard, we can apply to adaptive modulation and coding in unicasting, but it’s supposed to adapt for only one modulation and coding in multicasting. On the other hand, The scalable layered video (i.e., H.264/SVC, MPEG-2) is enable to layered multicasting, so subscribers will be received selective video layers based on information of network congestion, the resolution of receiver’s devices and so on. In this paper, we propose a layered multicasting to apply for different modulation and coding for layered video streaming at base station of WiMAX networks. We assume that there are the various radio propagation models and the users are uniformly located themselves, the system transmits a video layer and it demonstrates the increase of received data rate over non-layered video streaming and only QPSK 1/2 modulation and coding.

Distributed Coding Scheme for Multi-view Video through Efficient Side Information Generation

Jihwan Yoo,Min Soo Ko,Soon Chul Kwon,Young-Ho Seo,Dong-Wook Kim,Jisang Yoo 대한전기학회 2014 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.9 No.5

In this paper, a distributed image coding scheme for multi-view video through an efficient generation of side information is proposed. A distributed video coding technique corrects the errors in the side information, which is generated with the original image, by using the channel coding technique at the decoder. Therefore, the more correct the generated side information is, the better the performance of distributed video coding. The proposed technique is to apply the distributed video coding schemes to the image coding for multi-view video. It generates side information by selectively and efficiently using both 3-dimensional warping based on the depth map with spatially adjacent frames and motion-compensated temporal interpolation with temporally adjacent frames. In this scheme the difference between the adjacent frames, the sizes of the motion vectors for the adjacent blocks, and the edge information are used as the selection criteria. From the experiments, it was observed that the quality of the side information generated by the proposed technique was improved by the average peak signal-to-noise ratio of 0.97dB than the one by motion-compensated temporal interpolation or 3-dimensional warping. The result from analyzing the rate-distortion curves revealed that the proposed scheme could reduce the bit-rate by 8.01% on average at the same peak signal-tonoise ratio value, compared to previous work.

HEVC 기반 초해상화를 이용한 비디오 부호화 효율 성능 분석

기세환,김대은,전기남,백승호,최증원,김동현,김문철 한국방송∙미디어공학회 2019 방송공학회논문지 Vol.24 No.2

Since the resolutions of videos increase rapidly, there are continuing needs for effective video compression methods despite an increase in the transmission bandwidth. In order to satisfy such a demand, a reconstructive video coding (RVC) method by using a super resolution has been proposed. Since RVC reduces the resolution of the input video, when frames are compressed to the same size, the number of bits per pixel increases, thereby reducing coding artifacts caused by video coding. However, RVC method using super resolution is not effective in all target bitrates. Comparing the size of the loss generated while downsizing the resolution and the size of the loss caused by the video compression, only when the size of loss generated in the video compression is larger, RVC method can perform the improved compression performance compared to direct video coding. In particular, since HEVC has considerably higher compression performance than the previous standard video codec, it can be experimentally confirmed that the compression distortions become larger than the distortions of downsizing the resolution only in the very low-bitrate conditions. In this paper, we applied RVC based HEVC in various video types and measured the target bitrates that RVC method can be effectively applied.

A Spatiotemporal Attention-Based Method for Geo-Referenced Video Coding

Jiangfan Feng,Yi Zhu,Haibin Hu 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.7 No.5

This paper focuses on the problem that video-GIS has a huge amount of data, which leads to high transmission resource consumption, and introduced attention calculation model to video GIS coding to optimize the coding method so the compression efficiency will be improved as well. Specifically, on the one hand, it will use optical flow technique to calculate the specific location and motion vector of the movement point set of each frame, and reduce the amount of the movement point set integrate with the features of video GIS, then calculate the mask matrix of the foreground movement, and finally compute the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) compression integrate with the mask matrix to realize the optimization of the frame macro block level coding. On the other hand, it will calculate the attention of the video frame using the specific location and the motion vector of the movement point set as the primary indicator, and optimize the coding of the video of frame-level according to the calculation result. By experimental verification, the efficiency of video GIS compression is enhanced by the introduction of the features of the video GIS and the cognitive attention theory

영상녹화물의 증거능력

안성조 ( Ahn Seong-jo ),지영환 ( Ji Young-hwan ) 한국외국어대학교 법학연구소 2008 외법논집 Vol.30 No.-

Video-Recording means the video-recording of defendant's statements by the Investigating Agency, whereas the Video-tape is the video-recording not by the Investigating Agency in the new code of criminal procedure. Video-Recording System was introduced to New Code for the purpose of transparency at the investigating process. In relation to Video-Recording System, Disputes do break about the admissibility of Video-Recording by prosecutors or polices in the Korean New Code of Criminal Procedure. The Negative View argues that the admissibility of video-recording should be denied, because firstly, the New Code does not permit the interpretation that the video-recording is admissible at the court, and secondly the video-recording too vivid for judge or jury to fairly decide the case and the time of trial could be delayed. But the Positive View which is also our view refutes the Negative View. Firstly, the New Code can be interpreted to authorize the admissibility of video-recording. Secondly, the vividness of video-recording is not the defect but the merit for the fair decision of judge and the danger of retardation of trial can be overcome because the video-recording tape could be displayed selectively or partly at the court.

Video Coding Technique with Multi Objective Particle Swarm Optimization and EZW

M.Thamarai,R.Shanmugalakshmi 대한전기학회 2016 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.11 No.5

Video coding plays an important role in video transmission and storage applications. Today’s increasing order of multimedia applications led to a lot of research works in video coding in such a way that high compression ratio is achieved with the available bandwidth. Wavelet based image compression has witnessed great success in the past decade. Wavelet transform based motion compensated video codec performs better compression in order to meet the rate and distortion constraint in video transmission than the block based techniques. However, it is well known that the 2D DWT does not represent directional features of images efficiently. Lots of efforts have been put into multiscale directional representation. In this paper, video coding using directional transform DDWT is considered and its expansive nature is reduced by noise shaping algorithm. High compression ratio is achieved through the selection of optimal coefficients of DDWT using Multi Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO) method. In this video coding technique, the objective functions of Entropy, Computation Time and Mean Square Error are considered for optimization with the constraints of bits per pixel and frame rate. The selected optimum coefficients are encoded using EZW method. The performance of the proposed method is compared with the standard 3D SPIHT coding.

MPEG-5 Essential Video Coding 오픈소스 코덱 XEVE, XEVD 성능 평가

최기호 한국방송∙미디어공학회 2024 방송공학회논문지 Vol.29 No.1

The use of video has recently expanded dramatically over the world. Video applications are fast expanding as a result of theintroduction of video-based applications to deliver new services. These applications are distinguished by the use of high-resolutionand high-quality images to enhance the user experience. This growth in video usage has resulted in an increase in the proportionof video traffic in internet traffic. The significance of efficient video compression technologies in controlling increased video trafficis being emphasized. The purpose of this paper is to assess the compression performance and complexity of XEVE, XEVD, anopen-source codec based on the MPEG-5 part 1 Essential Video Coding (EVC) standard, one of the most recent codec standardsto emerge. The coding performance confirmed through the experiment was confirmed to have achieved good compressionperformance compared to the previous generation standard codec as the results of standardization; thus, it is considered to behighly utilized to verify the performance for the prototype. However, from a commercial point of view, it was confirmed thatimprovement in complexity is necessary to apply it directly to the product.