자폐스펙트럼장애 아동에서 대소변 가림 여부에 따른 사회지수 및 감각처리기능 비교

이철상 ( Lee Chulsang ),김태훈 ( Kim Taehoon ) 대한통합의학회 2020 대한통합의학회지 Vol.8 No.3

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in social quotient and sensory processing function between completed-toileting and incomplete-toileting children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We aims to provide a basis for the training of children with autism spectrum disorders. Methods : The subjects of this research were children with ASD, aged from 4 to 7, receiving sensory integration therapy at the H-Child Development Research Center in Busan, South Korea. After recruiting 30 parents who had children with ASD, we interviewed them and we divided their children into completed-toileting group and incomplete-toileting group based on the past researches. We assessed them using the Social Maturity Scale and Sensory Profile. Spearman correlation was used to analyze between the sensory processing score and social quotient. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the Sensory Profile scores of the two groups. Results : The social quotient was correlated with the sensory processing score in the most of component as for auditory processing, vestibular processing, touch processing, multisensory processing, orosensory processing, except for visual processing. The groups of completed-toileting and incomplete-toileting group showed statistically significant intergroup difference in sensory seeking, emotional reactive, oral-sensory sensitivity, and inattention/distractibility in the sensory factor region. No statistically significant difference from intergroup was observed in any modulation areas, nor in behavioral & emotional response domains. Conclusion : A significant intergroup difference was observed in the most of sensory processing areas, except for modulation areas and behavioral & emotional response domains. The result revealed that toileting is significantly correlated with sensory processing. Therefore, this study suggests that the sensory processing function should be considered in the toilet training of children with ASD.

작업치료 전공 대학생의 성격과 감각처리가 대학생활 적응에 미치는 영향

이춘엽,정남해 대한통합의학회 2023 대한통합의학회지 Vol.11 No.4

Purpose : This study investigated the effects of personality and sensory processing on college life adaptation in students majoring in occupational therapy. Methods : We conducted a survey study on 251 college students from March to May 2023. Personality, sensory processing, and college life adaptation were measured through the international personality item pool, adolescent/adult sensory profile, and student adaptation to college questionnaire, respectively. The general characteristics of students were analyzed using frequency analysis, and differences in college life adaptation and sensory processing characteristics were analyzed using independent t-tests and one-way ANOVA. The relationship between personality, sensory processing, and college life adaptation scores was analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis. The impact of personality and sensory processing on college life adaptation was analyzed using multivariate regression analysis using SPSS 25.0. Results : Correlations of all five personality factors, except openness to experience, were observed with students’ college life adaptation. According to sensory processing characteristics, differences in college life adaption showed significant differences in sensory avoidance, poor registration, and sensory sensitivity. The variance of college life adaptation explained by each factor (based on R2) were 46% by personality and 26% by sensory processing. Among personality traits, neuroticism had a negative effect on college life adaptation, agreeableness and extroversion had positive effects, and low registration during sensory processing had a negative effect. Conclusion : This study suggests the provision of various activities and creation of an environment for college students with low sensory registration and neurotic traits to encourage positive changes. The results can be used to design a program that helps college students adapt to occupational therapy majors.

기질(Temperament) 요인을 반영하는 성인 감각처리 척도 개발 및 타당화 -문항구성을 위한 예비조사-

김수진 ( Su Jin Kim ),주유미 ( Yu Mi Ju ) 대한인지재활학회 2012 대한인지재활학회지 Vol.1 No.1

목적: 감각처리란 감각을 통해 정보를 받아들이고 조직화하고 해석하여 의미 있는 반응으로 만드는 과정이며 이는 우리의 지각표상과 행동에 영향을 미친다. 본 연구는 감각처리의 재개념화를 통하여 성인용 감각처리 측정척도를 개발하기에 앞서 척도 문항을 구성하고 타탕도 및 신뢰도를 검증하고자 한다. 연구방법: 문헌연구를 토대로 감각처리의 하위 구성개념을 재정의하였고, 다른 감각 관련 척도를 바탕으로 초기문항을 추출하였다. 내용타당도 분석에서는 전문가 집단의 문항분석을 바탕으로 문항을 순화하였고, 선별된 95문항을 대상으로 예비조사를 실시하였다. 결과: 399명의 응답 자료를 바탕으로 탐색적 요인분석을 실시한 결과, 5요인이 추출 되었고 이는 전체 변량의 38.10%를 설명하였다. 최종적으로 52문항의 평가척도가 완성되었고, 척도의 신뢰도는 전체 척도의 내적합치도가 .70, 각 하위요인은 .69∼.89로 양호한 수준으로 나타났다. 결론: 본 연구의 결과들은 향후 감각처리의 개념을 정립하는데 유용한 정보를 제공할 것으로 기대되며, 본 연구에서 개발한 감각처리 척도는 개인의 감각처리 경향성에 대한 이해와 최적의 생활 및 작업 환경의 구성을 위한 기초 자료로서 사용될 수 있을 것이다. Objective: Sensory processing is the fundamental capability to organize and interpret the sensory information, thus it represents the object and generate related behaviors. It is necessary to re-conceptualize sensory processing and develop sensory processing scale for adults. This study aims to construct items to ask the pattern of sensory processing and test the validity and reliability of them for pilot study. Methods: First of all, the concepts of sensory processing were organized and initial questionnaire was made according to the concepts and other scales. Content validity test was conducted by 10 professions and valid questions are selected among the initial questionnaire, then the pilot test was performed for further validity and reliability. Result: As a result, 5 factors are collected by exploratory factor analysis and it explains 38.1 % of total variables. Finally, total 52 questions are completed after content investigation. Its item internal consistency was .70, and each factor was within .69∼.89 which means highly reliable. Conclusion: Sensory processing scale for adults were developed to complement the pre-exited sensory profiles regarding its original temperament for sensory processing. It helps to understand the individual tendency of sensory processing and to optimize environment for occupation performance.

처리특성에 따른 주관적 감각인식의 차이

박미희,김경미,Park, Mi-Hee,Kim, Kyeong-Mi 대한감각통합치료학회 2007 대한감각통합치료학회지 Vol.5 No.1

Objective: This study was to provide a standard for the evaluation of The Korean version of Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile(K-ASP) for University students and to investigate the difference of the subjective sense recognition regarding the characteristics of sensory processing. Method: The subjects consisted of 84 University students. A researcher examined subjective sense recognition and K-ASP for subjects. Visual Analog Scale used to evaluate subjective sense recognition and K-ASP was utilized to evaluate the characteristics of sensory processing. Results: 1. The average scores and standard deviation of K-ASP were $32.93{\pm}7.88$ for low registration group, $39.39{\pm}6.55$ for sensory seeking group, $38.94{\pm}9.13$ for sensory sensitivity group, and $34.24{\pm}7.85$ for sensory avoiding group. 2. The correlation between the total score on an each quadrant and the subjective sense recognition are -.27 for low registration group, .11 for sensory seeking group, .09 for sensory sensitivity group and .12 for sensory avoiding group. It showed the statistically significant correlation between the total score of low registration and the subjective sense recognition group(p<.05). 3. The average scores and standard deviation of the subjective sense recognition were $5.22{\pm}1.56$ for high threshold and $7.28{\pm}1.70$ for low threshold. The subjective sense recognition according to the characteristics of sensory processing showed the statistically significant difference. Conclusions: This study supports the theory that there is the difference of sensory recognition according to each individual and we found that people with difficulties of sensory processing acknowledge their characteristics of sensory processing well. Evaluation of sensory processing ability through interview or questionnaire supports the fact which it is reliable.

대학생의 사회성과 감각처리와의 관계

정사라,김지향,박서희,박지영,배민주,송기량,전예진,최예진,이나핼 대구대학교 특수교육재활과학연구소 2024 특수교육재활과학연구 Vol.63 No.1

본 연구는 대학생을 대상으로 사회성과 감각처리와의 관련성을 알아보는 데 목적이 있다. 연구 방법은 2023년 7월부터 8월까지 대학생 202명 대상으로 실시하였다. 감각처리는 청소년/성인 감각프로파일(Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile; AASP)로 평가하고, 사회성 5요인을 이용하여 평가하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS를 이용하여 기술통계, 빈도분석, 피어슨 상관분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 근면성은 감각추구 유형에서 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 사교성과 안정성은 모든 감각처리 유형과 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. 이중 감각추구와 양의 상관관계가 있었고, 이외의 유형은 음의 상관관계가 있었다. 지도성과 감각추구는 양의 상관관계가 있었고, 감각예민과 감각회피는 음의 상관관계가 있었다. 자율성은 모든 감각처리유형과 상관관계가 없었다. 이와 같이 본 연구에서는 대학생의 사회성과 감각처리와의 관련성이 있는 것으로 나타나, 두 변인과의 관계를 확인했다는 점에서 의의가 있다. The purpose of this study is to investigate and determine the relationship between sociality and sensory processing. The research method was conducted on 202 college students from July to August 2023. Sensory processing was evaluated using the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile (AASP) and the Sociality five factors. Descriptive statistics, frequency analysis, and Pearson correlation analysis were performed on the collected data using SPSS. According to the research findings, diligence showed a positive correlation with the sensation seeking type. Sociability and stability showed significant correlations with all sensory processing types. There was a positive correlation with dual sensation seeking, while other types showed negative correlations. Leadership and sensation seeking showed a positive correlation, while sensory sensitivity and sensation avoidance showed negative correlations. Autonomy did not show correlations with any sensory processing types. Thus, this study indicates the relevance between college students' sociality and sensory processing, confirming the relationship between these two variables, which is significant.

대학생의 라이프케어를 위한 감각처리특성과 여가참여유형, 작업참여인식 및 삶의 질과의 관련성

박영주 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회 2019 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지 Vol.13 No.6

The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between sensory processing feature, leisure participation type, perception of occupational participation, and quality of life (QoL) for life care in university students. The survey was conducted from February 2019 to March for 169 university students. The author used the Adolescent / Adult Sensory Profiles (AASP) for sensory processing, and used the leisure activity questionnaire to find out the type of leisure participation, and used the Occupational Self Assessment (OSA) for perception of occupational participation, and the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) for QoL. Pearson correlation analysis was used for the relationship between sensory processing feature, leisure participation type, perception of occupational participation, and QoL. Among the sensory processing feature, there was a positive correlation between low registration and sports. And there was a positive correlation between sensory seeking and sports, social activities, tourism. There was a negative correlation between perception of occupational participation and low registration, sensory sensitivity, sensory avoiding. Hobbies, appreciativeness and social activities showed a significant positive correlation with perception of occupational participation. And also there was a positive correlation between perception of occupational participation and QoL (p <.05, p <.01). Sensory processing feature correlated with leisure participation type, occupational participation perception, and QoL. Future research should develop evaluation tool for leisure activities, occupational participation and QoL based on sensory processing.

성인의 감각 처리에 관한 연구

김진경,최종덕,이택영 대한작업치료학회 2007 대한작업치료학회지 Vol.15 No.3

목적 : 감각 처리 질문지인 Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile(ASP)을 사용하여 한국 성인의 감각 처리 정도를 파악하고, 그 결과를 토대로 성인에서의 감각 통합의 중요성을 강조하고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 22세에서 38세의 건강한 성인 남(160명), 여(190명)를 대상으로 ASP 설문을 실시하였다. ASP를 한국어로 번안하여 질문지를 완성한 후, 설문지를 대상자들에게 직접 나눠주고 수거하였다. 총 350부 배부하여 300부가 회수되었다(85%의 회수율). ASP 설문의 총 소요 시간은 15분 정도이고, 총 설문기간은 2007년 2월~3월이었다. 한국 성인의 감각 처리 정도는 평균과 빈도 분석을, 한국 성인의 감각 처리 평균 점수와 미국 표준치의 차이는 일 표본 t검정을 사용하였다. 결과 : 한국 성인의 감각 처리 4가지 영역 중 ‘낮은 감각 등록(Low Registration)’, ‘감각 민감성(Sensory Sensitivity)’, ‘감각 회피(Sensation Avoiding)’의 평균 점수는 ‘대부분의 사람들과 유사한 성향(Similar to Than Most People)을 나타낸다’에 해당되는 점수 분포였다. 반면 ‘감각 찾기(Sensation Seeking)’의 평균 점수는 평균보다 낮아 대부분의 사람들 보다 수동적인 행동 반응을 나타내는 것을 알 수 있었다. 빈도 분석을 통해 감각처리 정도를 살펴 본 결과 응답자의 약 57% 을 제외하고는 감각 처리에 부분적인 문제를 나타내었고, 한국성인의 평균값과 미국 표준치 비교에서도 유의한(p<.05)차이가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 결론 : 기존의 작업 치료에서는 감각 통합에 대한 연구가 대부분 아동에 국한되어 강조되어 왔으나, 본 연구 결과를 통해서 일반 성인들에게서의 감각 처리 성향을 알 수 있었고, 한국 표준치 제시의 필요성도 인식할 수 있었다. 따라서 후속연구에서는 한국의 표준치 제시에 대한 연구뿐만 아니라 감각 처리에 문제를 가진 성인을 대상으로 한 연구들이 많이 이루어져야 할 것이다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to examine the sensory processing of adults by Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile (ASP) and emphasize the necessity for sensory integration among adults. Methods : An ASP questionnaire was distributed to normal persons (350) aged 22 – 38, with three hundred completed questionnaires collected and studied. The questionnaire took approximately fifteen minutes to complete and the period of study was one month. Sensory processing scores in adult Koreans were analyzed using the mean and frequency method. For comparison purposes, the reference scores of one sample t tests among Americans was used. Results : Korean adults expressed the conditions of being 'Similar to Most People' in the three sensory processing areas of Low Registration, Sensory Sensitivity, and Sensation Avoiding. On the other hand, low Sensation Seeking scores resulted in the passive behavior response, 'Less Than Most People.' In terms of the frequency analysis, 43% of respondents were found to have some problems in the area of sensory processing. In addition, there was significant difference in the reference scores found in the U.S.(p<.05). Conclusion : In this study, problems in sensory processing were identified among even normal adults. Therefore, further studies applying not only to Korean standard references, but also for adults with problems in terms of sensory processing, are recommended.

ADHD 아동의 감각처리능력이 행동적 특성에 미치는 영향

안미영(Ahn, Mi-young) 한국통합치료학회 2009 통합치료연구 Vol.1 No.1

본 연구는 ADHD 아동들을 대상으로 감각처리능력이 그들의 행동특성에 영향을 미치는지 알아보고자 하는데 목적이 있다. 본 연구를 통하여 얻어진 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, ADHD 아동들의 감각처리능력이 아동특성에 따라 차이가 있는지 알아본 결과 ADHD 아동들은 감각처리에 어려움을 갖고 있으며, 학년이나 성별 등과 같은 개인변인에 따라서는 감각처리능력에 유의미한 차이가 나타나지 않았으나 ADHD 하위유형에 따라서는 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 둘째, ADHD 아동들의 행동특성(K-CBCL)이 아동특성에 따라 차이가 있는지 알아본 결과 내재화, 외현화, 총문제 행동에서 T점수 70점 이상으로 임상적으로 유의미한 결과를 보였다. 셋째, ADHD 아동의 감각처리능력이 행동적 특성에 영향을 미치는지 알아본 결과 전반적으로 감각처리 요인은 행동특성 요인과 밀접한 관계를 보이고 있으며 특히 주의집중, 우울/불안, 사회적 미성숙, 사고의 문제에 큰 영항을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구를 통해 감각처리에 어려움이 있는 ADHD 아동은 ADHD가 주증상이 행동(사고의 문제, 외현화 문제, 주의집중, 우울/불안, 신제증상, 비행, 성문제, 사회적 미성숙, 위축, 공격성, 정서불안정)과 밀접한 관련이 있음을 나타냈다. Study aims to discover how sensory processing ability affects characteristics of children’s behavior with ADHD. Conclusion derived from the study is bellow. First of all, does children with ADHD have differences in sensory processing ability according to characteristics of child? Children with ADHD had troubles with sensory processing. There was no meaningful difference in sensory processing ability according to personal factors such as grade, sex, IQ and etc but there was with sub-patterns of ADHD. Secondly, is there any relation between behavioral characteristics of children with ADHD and nature of children? Let’s take a look at behavioral characteristics of children with ADHD discovered from K-CBCL. They scored higher than 70 T points in internalization, externalization and total trouble behavior and it showed clinically meaningful results. Finally, how sensory processing ability of children with ADHD affects behavioral characteristics? Generally, factors of sensory processing are deeply related with factors of behavioral characteristic and especially concentration, depression/anxiety, social immaturity and thinking problem were affected.

Sensory Processing Disorders are Associated with Duration of Current Episode and Severity of Side Effects

Gianluca Serafini,Batya Engel-Yeger,Gustavo H. Vazquez,Maurizio Pompili,Mario Amore 대한신경정신의학회 2017 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.14 No.1

Objective: Longer duration of untreated illness, longer duration of current episode, and the severity of medication side effects may negatively impact on the perceived disability and psychosocial impairment of patients with major affective and anxiety disorders. Studies also suggested the involvement of sensory perception in emotional and psychopathological processes. The present study aimed to examine the relationship between Sensory Processing Disorders (SPD), duration of untreated illness and current illness episode, and the severity of side effects related to psychoactive medications. Methods: The sample included 178 participants with an age ranging from 17 to 85 years (mean=53.84±15.55). Participants were diagnosed with unipolar Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) (50%), Bipolar Disorder (BD) (33.7%), and Anxiety disorders (16.3%). They completed a socio-demographic questionnaire, the Udvalg for Kliniske Undersøgelser (UKU), and Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile (AASP) questionnaire. Results: Longer duration of current episode correlated with greater registration of sensory input and lower avoidance from sensory input among unipolar patients; with lower registration of sensory input, and higher tendency for sensory sensitivity/avoidance among bipolar participants; with lower sensory sensitivity/avoidance among anxiety participants, respectively. Also, mean UKU total scores correlated with lower sensory sensitivity among bipolar individuals. Conclusion: SPD expressed in either hypo/hyper sensitivity may serve to clinically characterize subjects with major affective and anxiety disorders.

뇌성마비 아동과 정상아동의 감각처리 능력의 비교분석

유은영,이지연,정현숙 대한작업치료학회 2003 대한작업치료학회지 Vol.11 No.2

Objective : The purpose of this study was to compare the sensory-based behaviors of young children with and without cerebral palsy as reported by their parents on the Short Sensory Profile.Method : Short Sensory Profile questionnaire was completed by parents of 59 children with cerebral palsy 1 through 9 years of age and parents of 129 children without cerebral palsy 1 through 6 years of age.Results : The performance of children with cerebral palsy was significantly different form that of children without cerebral palsy on 4 of 7 factors. Factors were difference found included Movement Sensitivity, Auditory Filtering, Low Energy/Weak, Visual/Auditory Sensitivity. Conclusion : Finding from the study suggest that young children with cerebral palsy have probable deficit in a variety of sensory processing abilities as measured by the Short Sensory Profile. The Short Sensory Profile can provide information about the sensory processing skills of children with cerebral palsy to assist occupational therapist in assessing and planning inter-vention for these children.