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이보 안드리치의 역사적 글쓰기에 나타난 이슬람-기독교 문화적 단절에서 공존으로의 양상 연구 -『드리나 강의 다리』를 중심으로-
김지향 한국외국어대학교(글로벌캠퍼스) 동유럽발칸연구소 2005 동유럽발칸연구 Vol.15 No.1
Andrić's novel 『The bridge ove the Drina』is largely an attempt to deal in two different cultural aspect: The Islamic and Christian. Andrić' novel was historically deeply rooted in the soil of Bosnia where he was born and where he spent his formative years. It has an abnormal time boundary as a novel, but has a normal time boundary as a chronicle; from 1516 to 1918. So it can be accepted as a chronicle of a typical Bosnian city, Višegrad. This is why in his “the international theme” is embedded in historical novel - The Bridge over the Drina. It touches on the more recent issues. And also, this is why in Andrić literary works was shown the multiculturalism. In this novel, Andrić tried to show us how the Bosnian people communicate with each other, even though they have an absolute different cultural background which is occurred by two different religion. Therefore, we can understand Andrić's 『The bridge ove the Drina』as a link between the Christian culture and the Islamic. We can also find the conflicting social scene of Bosnian life and co-existence. The co-existence of the Serbs which are Orthdox, Croats which are catholic, Moslems and Jews provide the differences of the customs, habits and cultural assumptions of the people who belong, in fact, to absolute different civilizations, but have to live together. 인류는 바야흐로 대단히 급변하는 변화의 바다 속에서 살고 있다고 해도 과언이 아닐 것이다. 시시각각 변화하는 문화와 사회 속에서 주체성과 정체성을 찾기란 실로 어려운 과제가 아닐 수 없다. 이러한 시대적 요구에 뒤지지 않기 위해서는 나의 문화 뿐 아니라 타자의 문화를 이해하려는 자세가 무엇보다 절실히 요구된다고 할 수 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 세계 양대 문화의 주축이라 할 수 있는 기독교와 이슬람 문화의 단절과 공존을 살펴봄으로써 다문화에 대한 올바른 인식과 대처는 과연 가능한 것인가 그리하여 인류의 영원한 숙제인 평화에 대한 문제까지도 반추해 볼 수 있는 기회를 갖고자 노력하였다.1961년도 노벨 문학상 수상작가인 이보 안드리치의 대표작 『드리나 강의 다리』는 16세기부터 제 1차 세계대전 이전까지 장장 4세기에 걸쳐 보스니아의 작은 도시 비쉐그라드에서 일어나는 인간사를 조명한 대하소설이다. 드리나 강에 다리가 건설되기 시작하는 1500년대부터 이슬람과 기독교인들이 빚어내는 갈등과 반목, 경계와 대립의 단계부터 환경적 요인으로 인해 맞게 되는 공존의 단계까지를 안드리치는 마치 역사 사료를 써내려가듯 이야기하고 있다.본 논문에서는 소설 『드리나 강의 다리』를 통하여 이슬람과 기독교가 조우하는 과정에서 나타나는 여러 다양한 문화적 현상들을 살펴보고자 하였다.
초음파 무화효과를 이용한 현탁액으로부터 나노입자의 분리포집법 제안
김지향,김정순,염지영,하강렬,김무준,Kim, Jihyang,Kim, Jungsoon,Yeom, Jiyeong,Ha, Kanglyeol,Kim, Moojoon 한국음향학회 2016 韓國音響學會誌 Vol.35 No.6
나노기술의 실제적인 응용을 위해 응집되지 않은 나노입자 상태를 얻는 것이 매우 중요하다. 나노입자를 사용하는 제품의 기능성을 향상시키기 위해, 그들의 합성 과정에서 입자 크기 분포의 더 정밀한 제어가 요구된다. 그러나 합성된 나노입자들은 물리적 혹은 화학적인 이유로 응집되기 쉬워 나노입자의 고유한 특성이 가려져 실제적인 응용에 있어서 문제를 일으킨다. 본 연구는 단분산된 나노입자만을 분리하기 위하여 초음파 무화 효과에 의한 무화입자를 분리장으로 사용한 나노입자 분리방법을 제안하였다. 0.002 wt. %의 농도를 갖는 $TiO_2$ 나노입자 현탁액을 무화시켜 분리포집된 현탁액에 포합된 나노입자들의 입도분포를 측정하였다. 그 결과들로부터 제안된 방법을 이용하여 단분산 입자의 분리 포집이 가능함을 확인 할 수 있다. It is very important to obtain non-agglomerated nano particle state for practical application of nano technology. In order to improve the functionality of products using nano particles, more precise control of particle size distribution is required in their synthesis process. However, synthesized nano particles are agglomerated easily due to physical and chemical reasons, and it then veils unique properties of the nano particles and causes some troubles in their practical application. In this study, a separation method for nano particles from suspension by using the droplets as the separation space was proposed. Using the suspension of 0.002 wt. % with $TiO_2$ powder, the particle size distribution of nano particles in the recollected suspension was measured. From the results, it was confirmed that it is possible to separate and to recollect the nano particles monodispersed by using the suggested method.
합리적 신념과 비합리적 신념 : King Lear의 Cordelia & Macbeth의 Lady Macbeth
김지향 서울여자대학교 여성연구소 1987 여성연구논총 Vol.3 No.-
Shakespeare's treatment of women characters in the tragedies is democratic to a great extent. Shakespeare saw men and women as equal in a world which declared them unequal. Shakespeare's women are people and individuals. He represents them as infallibly faithful women. The purpose of the thesis is to explain the heroines in Shakespearean tragedy in terms of faith. Faith is a character trait pervading the whole personality, rather than a specific belief. This writer attempted to analyze their faith by using Erich Fromm's theory:rational faith, irrational faith. Irrational faith refers to a kind of belief (in a person or an idea) which is based on one's submission to irrational authority. In contrast, rational faith is a conviction which is rooted in one's own experience of thought or feeling. Rational faith is not primarily belief in something, but the quality of certainty and firmness which our convictions have. Desdemona and Cordelia have rational faith in themselves. It is strong faith in Desdemona that confronts Brabantio with a 'divided duty'. Desdemona wants freedom through a conscious dissociation from the image in her father's eyes. Desdemona loved Othello as 'thick lips', 'an old black ram', and 'a Barbary horse' in common. It is moderate faith in Cordelia that rejects the world's assessment of her property worth, in order to keep her dignity. Her spirit is not dependent on Lear's estimate accessing Cordelia in terms of money. Desdemona and Cordelia are separated from their fathers. Strong faith and moderated faith are rooted in their own experience, in the confidence in one's power of thought, observation, and judgement. And faith is the very in their personality which is unchangeable and which persists throughout their life in spite of varing circumstances, and regardless of certain changes in opinions and feelings. On the other hand, Lady Macbeth and Ophelia have irrational faith in themselves. Lady Macbeth is a wicked woman. It is onesided faith in Lady Macbeth that makes her play a manly role in the murder; when Macbeth intends to murder King Duncan, the cowardice in Macbeth makes him hesitate the murder. Ophelia is only one weak woman in Shakespeare's women. It is weak faith in Ophelia that obeys her father. Her father is an authority or the majority. Onesided faith and weak faith are irrational faith. This faith is rooted in submission to a power which is felt to be overwhelmingly strong, omnient and omnipotent, and in the abdication of one's power and strength. Irrational faith is the acceptance of something as true only because of an authority or the majority. We can get the fact that all the tragedies of Shakespearean tragic heroines is caused by their faith. All these show that for Shakespearean tragedy death is very much a part of life;and, in the sense of the play, to be lived through and endured as life itself. Death is so common in, and so proper to, such tragedy, that the existence of the characters is confirmed by it and not extinguished. Desdemona and Cordelia are justified only in death. Desdemona is not a whore. Cordelia's silence is not pride, but virtue. Lady Macbeth and Ophelia experience a state of isolation, suffering, and die despairingly. Their death is an escape of life. Shakespeare's women share with other women's experience which men can never have. Shakespeare's suggestion that the masculine spirit makes a woman, not less but more feminine. In conclusion, it is possible that we regard Shakespeare's heroines as women of faith.