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Central and Peripheral Motor Conduction Studies by Single-Pulse Magnetic Stimulation
Hideyuki Matsumoto,Yoshikazu Ugawa 대한신경과학회 2024 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.20 No.3
Single-pulse magnetic stimulation is the simplest type of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Muscle action potentials induced by applying TMS over the primary motor cortex are recorded with surface electromyography electrodes, and they are called motor-evoked potentials (MEPs). The amplitude and latency of MEPs are used for various analyses in clinical practice and research. The most commonly used parameter is the central motor conduction time (CMCT), which is measured using motor cortical and spinal nerve stimulation. In addition, stimulation at the foramen magnum or the conus medullaris can be combined with conventional CMCT measurements to evaluate various conduction parameters in the corticospinal tract more precisely, including the cortical–brainstem conduction time, brainstem–root conduction time, cortical–conus motor conduction time, and cauda equina conduction time. The cortical silent period is also a useful parameter for evaluating cortical excitability. Single-pulse magnetic stimulation is further used to analyze not only the central nervous system but also the peripheral nervous system, such as for detecting lesions in the proximal parts of peripheral nerves. In this review article we introduce four types of single-pulse magnetic stimulation—of the motor cortex, spinal nerve, foramen magnum, and conus medullaris—that are useful for the diagnosis, elucidation of pathophysiology, and evaluation of clinical conditions and therapeutic effects. Single-pulse magnetic stimulation is a clinically useful technique that all neurologists should learn.
건강한 20대 대학생의 파라핀 요법에 의한 피부온도 상승이 운동신경 전도속도에 미치는 영향
조은경,김혜정 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회 2022 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지 Vol.16 No.4
This study investigated the change in skin surface temperature using paraffin therapy in college students in their 20s without muscle disease and the change in temperature affected the speed of motor nerve conduction. In this study, after raising the body surface temperature by paraffin therapy in healthy adults, the speed of motor nerve conduction before and after paraffin treatment was measured. In order to increase the body surface temperature, the motor nerve conduction speed of each measured area before and after paraffin therapy increased overall, and the motor nerve conduction speed of the wrist-elbow (W-E) area increased 2.625±1.50 m/s and showed a statistically significant difference (p<.01). The motor nerve conduction speed at the elbow-axilla (E-A) site showed an increase of 2.938±1.289 m/s and a statistically significant difference (p<).01). Therefore, it was found that the temperature increase of the body surface by paraffin therapy in healthy adults improves the speed of motor nerve conduction.
이겨레(Gyeorye Lee),민승재(Seungjae Min),홍정표(Jungpyo Hong) 한국자동차공학회 2010 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2010 No.11
Motors using permanent magnet widely used for a power source of hybrid vehicle but nowadays lack of supplying of rare earth resources occurs cost increasing problem. Thus there are many efforts to substitute non-permanent magnet motor with permanent magnet motors and most of all squirrel cage type induction motor is announced for an alternative. A conventional approach for induction motor optimization problem is changing rotor conducting bar’s shape based on parameter optimization. However, with this technique, shape change and motor performance between initial and optimized model is not large different. Using Level-set method boundary of shape moves by sensitivity of objective function thus the optimized shape is different than parameter optimization result. In this paper, Level-set method applied to Squirrel Cage Induction Motor’s conducting bar for a power source of hybrid vehicle to maximize torque at operating region. To validate proposed method, compare the flux density at each angle of rotor, mean flux density at air gap and torque between optimized model and initial model.
Development of Low-Cost Drive System of a Small-Size Electric Vehicles
T.T.Vu,D.T.Lien,T.W.Chun,H.H.Lee,H.G.Kim,E.C Nho 전력전자학회 2011 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2011 No.5
This paper develops the low-cost drive system of the small-size electric vehicles (EVs) driven by the brushed dc motor. The power circuit for driving the dc motor is designed by considering both the cost and efficiency. Some MOSFET and diodes at the power converter are connected in parallel for reducing the conduction loss. In order to change smoothly the rotating direction of dc motor, an operating sequence for both the field current and the armature voltage according to the accelerator pedal angle is suggested. Through the simulation studies and experimental results with the low-cost 8-bit AVR, the performances of the proposed methods are verified.
수근관증후군 진단을 위한 전기생리학적 척도들의 민감도 비교
이규택 ( Gyu Taek Lee ),박수경 ( Soo Kyeong Park ),유창성 ( Chang Sung Yoo ),김종규 ( Jong Gyu Kim ) 대한임상검사과학회 2005 대한임상검사과학회지(KJCLS) Vol.37 No.3
Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common entrapment neuropathy in clinical practice, with a 0.1% life time risk in the general population. Conventional neurophysiological studies have been useful in the diagnosis of this condition, as have a number of more specialized procedures. Therefore, we evaluated the diagnostic sensitivities of several parameters in nerve conduction technique for CTS patients. We analyzed 100 patients (159 hands) who were diagnosed with CTS clinically and electrophysiolosically. Median motor and sensory nerve conduction velocities (MCV and SCV) with wrist, palm, and finger stimulation were performed in traditional methods. Sensitivities of each test were calculated and compared to normal control data. The sensitivities of existing nerve conduction method were noted in terminal latency on median nerve, 2nd finger-wrist segment, 3rd finger-wrist segment, palm-wrist segment and distoproximal ratio, as 72.96%, 92.45%, 94.34%, 94.97%, and 97.48%, respectively. In the early course of CTS, sensory nerve conductions in the median nerve are more valuable than motor nerve conduction. Sensory nerve conductions are usually affected before motor nerve conductions in CTS. In this study, we detected that slowing of median SCV was the most frequent in the distoproximal ratio.
정문경(Moon-Kyung Jung),이상민(Sang-Min Lee),최문석(Moon-Suk Choi),엄석기(Sukkee Um) 대한설비공학회 2009 대한설비공학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.-
The direct drive motor used in a precision motion rotate at about 1/10 speed and high torque comparing with general rotary motor. Excessive heating of the coils cause an exacerbating the heat problems and reducing the performance of motor. Because the rotation speed of the rotor and surrounding air is low, the motor can not be inefficiently cooled, the thermal analysis in the motor is very important. As the variations of rotation speed and torque, the temperature of several parts is measured and the features of the heat transfer is analyzed and improved.
안정준,이정호,원충연,김영석,최세완 전력전자학회 1999 전력전자학회 논문지 Vol.4 No.6
이 논문은 PWM 인버터-유도전동기 구동 시스템에서 발생되는 전도노이즈를 예측하기 위한 기법을 제시하였다. 전도노이즈 예측을 위한 시뮬레이션 모델을 얻기위하여 기생성분을 갖는 인버터에 대한 고주파수 모델과 고정자권선의 복수코일모델을 설계하였다. 마지막으로 결과는 시뮬레이션과 실험으로 확인되었다. This paper presents a technique for predicting the conductLu EMI(Electro Magnetic Interference) produced b by PWM inverter-induction motor drive system. To obtain the simulation models for prediction of conduct떠 n noise, high frequency model of an inverter leg with parasitic elements and multi-coil model of stator winding M are designed. Finally, the results are confirmLu from simulation and experiments.
Development of High-Efficiency Low-Cost Drive System of Small-Size Electric Vehicles
Duong, Thuy-Lien,Tran, Thanh-Vu,Chun, Tae-Won,Lee, Hong-Hee,Kim, Heung-Geun Journal of International Conference on Electrical 2012 Journal of international Conference on Electrical Vol.1 No.2
This paper designs the high-efficiency and the low-cost drive system of the smallsize electric vehicles (EVs). The power circuit for driving the dc motor is designed by considering both the cost and efficiency. In order to reduce the conduction loss of MOTFET and diode for controlling an armature voltage, some MOSFETs and diodes at the armature are in parallel connection. An operating sequence for both the field current and the armature voltage according to the accelerator pedal angle is suggested for changing smoothly the rotating direction of dc motor. Through the simulation studies, the performances of the proposed methods are verified.
소형전기자동차 견인용 직류전동기의 고효율 구동시스템 개발
Duong Thuy Lien,Tran Thanh Vu,전태원(Tae-Won Chun),이홍희(Hong-Hee Lee) 대한전기학회 2012 전기학회논문지 Vol.61 No.11
This paper develops the high-efficiency drive system of the small-size electric vehicles (EVs) driven by the brushed dc motors. A power circuit for driving the dc motor is designed with the H-bridge circuit and buck converter by considering both the efficiency and cost. In order to change smoothly the rotating direction of dc motor driven by the proposed power circuit, an operating sequence for both the field current and the armature voltage according to an accelerator pedal angle is suggested. Through the simulation studies and experimental results with the low-cost 8-bit AVR, the performances of the proposed methods are verified.