Free Radical Scavenging Activity of β-chitooligosaccharides

이승재,김은경,황진우,김세권,전병태,오현정,양송이,이승준,박표잠 한국키틴키토산학회 2009 한국키틴키토산학회지 Vol.14 No.4

The free radical scavenging activity of β-chitooligosaccharides (β-COSs) was evaluated by employing an electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometer on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl and alkyl radical. We prepared three kinds of β-COSs with different molecular weights: higher molecular weights (HMWβ-COSs: 50-10 kDa), medium molecular weights (MMWβ-COSs: 10-5 kDa), and lower molecular weight (LMWβ-COSs: below 5 kDa). The DPPH radical scavenging activity of HMWβ-COSs was the highest among the three kinds of β-COSs, and the IC50 value was 0.73 mg/mL. In addition, all β-COSs scavenged hydroxyl radical, and the IC50 values of LMWβ-COSs, MMWβ-COSs and HMWβ-COSs were 0.49, 0.62 and 0.47 mg/mL, respectively. Also, all β-COSs showed the alkyl radical scavenging activity, and the IC50 values of LMWβ-COSs, MMWβ-COSs and HMWβ-COSs were 0.35, 0.13 and 0.17 mg/mL, respectively. These results indicate that β-COSs possess antioxidative activity. The free radical scavenging activity of β-chitooligosaccharides (β-COSs) was evaluated by employing an electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometer on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl and alkyl radical. We prepared three kinds of β-COSs with different molecular weights: higher molecular weights (HMWβ-COSs: 50-10 kDa), medium molecular weights (MMWβ-COSs: 10-5 kDa), and lower molecular weight (LMWβ-COSs: below 5 kDa). The DPPH radical scavenging activity of HMWβ-COSs was the highest among the three kinds of β-COSs, and the IC50 value was 0.73 mg/mL. In addition, all β-COSs scavenged hydroxyl radical, and the IC50 values of LMWβ-COSs, MMWβ-COSs and HMWβ-COSs were 0.49, 0.62 and 0.47 mg/mL, respectively. Also, all β-COSs showed the alkyl radical scavenging activity, and the IC50 values of LMWβ-COSs, MMWβ-COSs and HMWβ-COSs were 0.35, 0.13 and 0.17 mg/mL, respectively. These results indicate that β-COSs possess antioxidative activity.

고전압 펄스의 수중인가 조건이 하이드록실 라디칼 생성에 미치는 영향

조승연,장인성 대한상하수도학회 2017 상하수도학회지 Vol.31 No.6

Recently, applications of high voltage impulse (hereafter HVI) technique to desalting, sludge solubilization and disinfection have gained great attention. However, information on how the operating condition of HVI changes the water qualities, particularly production of hydroxyl radical (·OH) is not sufficient yet. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of operating conditions of the HVI on the generation of hydroxyl radical. Indirect quantification of hydroxyl radical using RNO which react with hydroxyl radical was used. The higher HVI voltage applied up to 15 kV, the more RNO decreased. However, 5 kV was not enough to produce hydroxyl radical, indicating there might be an critical voltage triggering hydroxyl radical generation. The concentration of RNO under the condition of high conductivity decreased more than those of the low conductivities. Moreover, the higher the air supplies to the HVI reactor, the greater RNO decreased. The conditions with high conductivity and/or air supply might encourage the corona discharge on the electrode surfaces, which can produce the hydroxyl radical more easily. The pH and conductivity of the sample water changed little during the course of HVI induction.

Comparison of Hydroxyl Radical, Peroxyl Radical, and Peroxynitrite Scavenging Capacity of Extracts and Active Components from Selected Medicinal Plants

권도영,김선주,이주원,김영철 한국독성학회 2010 Toxicological Research Vol.26 No.4

The ability of 80% ethanol extracts from five medicinal plants, Aralia continentalis, Paeonia suffruticosa, Magnolia denudata, Anemarrhena asphodeloides, and Schizonepeta tenuifolia, to neutralize hydroxyl radical, peroxyl radical and peroxynitrite was examined using the total oxyradical scavenging capacity (TOSC) assay. Peroxyl radical was generated from thermal homolysis of 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (ABAP); hydroxyl radical by an iron-ascorbate Fenton reaction; peroxynitrite by spontaneous decomposition of 3-morpholinosydnonimine N-ethylcarbamide (SIN-1). The oxidants generated react with α-keto-γ-methiolbutyric acid (KMBA) to yield ethylene, and the TOSC of the substances tested is quantified from their ability to inhibit ethylene formation. Extracts from P. suffruticosa, M. denudata, and S. tenuifolia were determined to be potent peroxyl radical scavenging agents with a specific TOSC (sTOSC) being at least six-fold greater than that of glutathione (GSH). These three plants also showed sTOSCs toward peroxynitrite markedly greater than sTOSC of GSH, however, only P. suffruticosa revealed a significant hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity. Seven major active constituents isolated from P. suffruticosa, quercetin, (+)-catechin, methyl gallate, gallic acid, benzoic acid, benzoyl paeoniflorin and paeoniflorin, were determined for their antioxidant potential toward peroxynitrite, peroxyl and hydroxyl radicals. Quercetin, (+)-catechin, methyl gallate, and gallic acid exhibited sTOSCs 40~85 times greater than sTOSC of GSH. These four components also showed a peroxynitrite scavenging capacity higher than at least 10-fold of GSH. For antioxidant activity against hydroxyl radical, methyl gallate was greatest followed by gallic acid and quercetin. Further studies need to be conducted to substantiate the significance of scavenging a specific oxidant in the prevention of cellular injury and disease states caused by the reactive free radical species.

Comparison of Hydroxyl Radical, Peroxyl Radical, and Peroxynitrite Scavenging Capacity of Extracts and Active Components from Selected Medicinal Plants

Kwon, Do-Young,Kim, Sun-Ju,Lee, Ju-Won,Kim, Young-Chul Korean Society of ToxicologyKorea Environmental Mu 2010 Toxicological Research Vol.27 No.4

The ability of 80% ethanol extracts from five medicinal plants, Aralia continentalis, Paeonia suffruticosa, Magnolia denudata, Anemarrhena asphodeloides, and Schizonepeta tenuifolia, to neutralize hydroxyl radical, peroxyl radical and peroxynitrite was examined using the total oxyradical scavenging capacity (TOSC) assay. Peroxyl radical was generated from thermal homolysis of 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (ABAP); hydroxyl radical by an iron-ascorbate Fenton reaction; peroxynitrite by spontaneous decomposition of 3-morpholinosydnonimine N-ethylcarbamide (SIN-1). The oxidants generated react with $\alpha$-keto-$\gamma$-methiolbutyric acid (KMBA) to yield ethylene, and the TOSC of the substances tested is quantified from their ability to inhibit ethylene formation. Extracts from P. suffruticosa, M. denudata, and S. tenuifolia were determined to be potent peroxyl radical scavenging agents with a specific TOSC (sTOSC) being at least six-fold greater than that of glutathione (GSH). These three plants also showed sTOSCs toward peroxynitrite markedly greater than sTOSC of GSH, however, only P. suffruticosa revealed a significant hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity. Seven major active constituents isolated from P. suffruticosa, quercetin, (+)-catechin, methyl gallate, gallic acid, benzoic acid, benzoyl paeoniflorin and paeoniflorin, were determined for their antioxidant potential toward peroxynitrite, peroxyl and hydroxyl radicals. Quercetin, (+)-catechin, methyl gallate, and gallic acid exhibited sTOSCs 40~85 times greater than sTOSC of GSH. These four components also showed a peroxynitrite scavenging capacity higher than at least 10-fold of GSH. For antioxidant activity against hydroxyl radical, methyl gallate was greatest followed by gallic acid and quercetin. Further studies need to be conducted to substantiate the significance of scavenging a specific oxidant in the prevention of cellular injury and disease states caused by the reactive free radical species.

팥(Phaseolus angularis) 열수 추출물의 산화적 DNA와 세포 손상 억제 효과

박영미,정진부,서주희,임재환,정형진,서을원 한국자원식물학회 2011 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.24 No.2

In this study, we evaluated the protective effects of the hot water extract from red bean (Phaseolus angularis) against oxidative DNA and cell damage induced by hydroxyl radical. The antioxidant activities were evaluated by hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay, and Fe2+-chelating assay. Although the extract with hot water didn’t scavenge the hydroxyl radical, it removed and chelated hydrogen peroxide and ferrous iron necessary for the induction of hydroxyl radical by 71% and 64% at 200 μg/ml, respectively. Its protective effect on oxidative DNA damage was carried using ψX-174 RF I plasmid DNA comparing the conversion level of supercoiled form of the plasmid DNA into open-circular form and linear form and the expression level of phospho-H2AX in NIH 3T3 cells. In ψX-174 RF I plasmid DNA cleavage assay, it inhibited oxidative DNA damage by 96% at 200 μg/ml. Also, it decreased the expression of phospho-H2AX by 50.1% at 200 μg/ml. Its protective effect against oxidative cell damage was measured by MTT assay and the expression level of p21 protein in NIH 3T3 cells. In MTT assay for the protective effect against the oxidative cell damage, it inhibited the oxidative cell death and the abnormal cell growth induced by hydroxyl radical. Also, it inhibited p21 protein expression by 98% at 200 μg/ml. In conclusion, the results of the present studies indicate that hot water extract from red bean exhibits antioxidant properties and inhibit oxidative DNA damage and the cell death caused by hydroxyl radical. 본 연구에서는 열수 팥 추출물이 hydroxyl 라디칼에 의해 유도되는 산화적 스트레스에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 항산화활성과 DNA 및 세포의 산화적 손상 억제 효과를 조사하였다. 팥 열수 추출물의 DPPH 라디칼과 hydroxyl 라디칼의 제거능은 다소 낮았으나, Fe2+-chelating과 과산화수소 제거효과는 높게 나타나 활성산소의 생성을 억제하는 데 효과적인 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 팥 열수 추출물의 in vitro DNA cleavage, DNA migration 및 H2AX의 인산화비 억제활성은 높은 활성을 보여주고 있어 라디칼에 의한 DNA 손상 억제에 효과적으로 작용하였다. 또한 지질과산화와 p21의 발현율을 통해 세포의 산화적 손상에 미치는 영향을 살펴보면 지질과산화 억제능과 p21의 발현율에 매우 효과적으로 작용하고 있어 라디칼에 의한 산화적 스트레스로부터 세포를 보호할 것으로 생각된다.

Comparison of Hydroxyl Radical, Peroxyl Radical, and Peroxynitrite Scavenging Capacity of Extracts and Active Components from Selected Medicinal Plants

Do Young Kwon,Sun Ju Kim,Ju Won Lee,Young Chul Kim 한국독성학회 2010 Toxicological Research Vol.26 No.4

The ability of 80% ethanol extracts from five medicinal plants, Aralia continentalis, Paeonia suffruticosa, Magnolia denudata, Anemarrhena asphodeloides, and Schizonepeta tenuifolia, to neutralize hydroxyl radical, peroxyl radical and peroxynitrite was examined using the total oxyradical scavenging capacity (TOSC) assay. Peroxyl radical was generated from thermal homolysis of 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (ABAP); hydroxyl radical by an iron-ascorbate Fenton reaction; peroxynitrite by spontaneous decomposition of 3-morpholinosydnonimine N-ethylcarbamide (SIN-1). The oxidants generated react with α-keto-γ-methiolbutyric acid (KMBA) to yield ethylene, and the TOSC of the substances tested is quantified from their ability to inhibit ethylene formation. Extracts from P. suffruticosa, M. denudata, and S. tenuifolia were determined to be potent peroxyl radical scavenging agents with a specific TOSC (sTOSC) being at least six-fold greater than that of glutathione (GSH). These three plants also showed sTOSCs toward peroxynitrite markedly greater than sTOSC of GSH, however, only P. suffruticosa revealed a significant hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity. Seven major active constituents isolated from P. suffruticosa, quercetin, (+)-catechin, methyl gallate, gallic acid, benzoic acid, benzoyl paeoniflorin and paeoniflorin, were determined for their antioxidant potential toward peroxynitrite, peroxyl and hydroxyl radicals. Quercetin, (+)-catechin, methyl gallate, and gallic acid exhibited sTOSCs 40~85 times greater than sTOSC of GSH. These four components also showed a peroxynitrite scavenging capacity higher than at least 10-fold of GSH. For antioxidant activity against hydroxyl radical, methyl gallate was greatest followed by gallic acid and quercetin. Further studies need to be conducted to substantiate the significance of scavenging a specific oxidant in the prevention of cellular injury and disease states caused by the reactive free radical species.

In vitro Inhibitory Effect of Aged Black Garlic Extract with Antioxidant Activity on MMP-2 and MMP-9 Related to Metastasis

Soo-Jin Lee(이수진),Hyang Nam(남향),Moon-Moo Kim(김문무),Ho-Jung Jang(장호정),Jung Ae Park(박정애),Byung-Woo Kim(김병우),Kyung Tae Chung(정경태) 한국생명과학회 2010 생명과학회지 Vol.20 No.5

지질, 단백질 및 DNA의 산화적 손상이 관절염, 간염, 위염, 대장염 및 치주 질환과 같은 만성 염증뿐만 아니라 암 전이에 관련되어 있다고 알려져 있다. 이러한 질환의 발생을 예방하기 위하여 독성이 없는 천연 화합물을 개발하는 것이 최근의 주요 연구 관심 대상이다. 산화적 스트레스와 관련 있는 DPPH radical, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical 및 과산화수소와 같은 활성산소에 대한 흑마늘(ABGE)의 소거능력이 연구되었다. 뿐만 아니라 TBARS assay를 이용하여 본 연구에서 사용된 산화방법으로 Fenton반응에 의하여 hydroxyl radical에 노출된 세포에서 ABGE의 항산화 효과도 조사되었다. ABGE는 활성산소종 중에서 특히 과산화수소에 대한 항산화 효능이 우수하였고 hydroxyl radical에 노출된 genomic DNA의 산화에 대한 보호 효과도 관찰되었다. 살아있는 세포에 대한 산화적 스트레스도 ABGE의 존재 하에서 억제되었다. 뿐만 아니라, 암전이와 관련 있는 MMP-2 및 MMP-9의 활성과 발현에 대한 ABGE의 효과를 gelatin zymography 및 western blot을 이용하여 조사하였다. ABGE는 PMA로 자극한 사람 섬유아육종세포로부터 분비된 MMP-2 및 MMP-9의 활성과 발현을 동시에 억제 하였으므로 암을 억제 할 수 있는 하나의 생리활성물질로 개발 될 수 있으리라 판단된다. The oxidative damage of lipids, protein, and DNA is known to be involved in not only chronic inflammations such as arthritis, hepatitis, nephritis, gastritis, colitis, and periodontitis but also metastasis. It has given impetus to searching for natural compounds without toxicity, which prevent the development of these diseases. The direct scavenging effects of aged black garlic extract (ABGE) were evaluated in vitro on DPPH radical, hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide, and genomic DNA damage related to oxidative stress. Furthermore, its antioxidant effect on lipid peroxidation was investigated in human fibrosarcoma cells (HT1080), which were exposed to the hydroxyl radical generated by the Fenton reaction. It was observed that ABGE exhibited a greater inhibitory effect on hydrogen peroxide than other reactive oxygen species, and also blocked DNA oxidation and lipid peroxidation induced by the hydroxyl radical. The oxidative stress in live cells was also inhibited in the presence of ABGE. In addition, its inhibitory effects on the activity and expression of MMP-2 and -9 related to metastasis were determined using gelatin zymography and western blot. The data showed that it inhibited MMP-2 and -9 in PMA-stimulated HT1080 cells. Therefore, these results suggest that ABGE show potential as an excellent agent for prevention of metastasis related to oxidative stress.

Advanced oxidative chemical recycling of carbon-fiber reinforced plastic using hydroxyl radicals and accelerated by radical initiators

Ayeong Yu,홍영기,Eunhyun Song,김학춘,최인희,Munju Goh 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.112 No.-

We herein report a method for the chemical depolymerization of the epoxy resin present in a carboncomposite through an advanced oxidation reaction using hydroxyl radicals. It was found that decompositionof the epoxy resin by the hydroxyl radicals generated from NaOCl was complete within 2 h at 100C and ambient pressure in an aqueous solution. The effects of different radical initiators (i.e., potassiumpersulfate (KPS) and 4,40-azobis(4-cyanovaleric acid) (ACVA)) on the acceleration of hydroxyl radical generationfrom NaOCl were also evaluated. More specifically, the rate of hydroxyl radical formation in thepresence and absence of a radical initiator was determined using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) radical method, and it was confirmed that the radical generation rate was increased by up to 3times when the KPS radical initiator was employed (c.f., in the absence of an initiator). Interestingly, itwas confirmed that the reaction rate constant (k) increased by up to 5.3 times when the combinationof NaOCl and radical initiator KPS was applied to the recycling of carbon fiber-reinforced plastic(CFRP). In addition, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and Field-emission scanningelectron microscopy observations of the reclaimed carbon fiber demonstrated that no significant damageoccurred during the reaction. This result is expected to lead to novel methods for enhancing the rate ofCFRP chemical recycling processes.

뇌허혈후 재관류 손상에서의 Hydroxyl Radical의 생성에 관한 실험적 연구

김근회,전현길,박윤관,정흥섭,이기찬,주정화,이훈갑 대한신경외과학회 1995 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.24 No.10

The time course of hydroxyl radid generation in the brain and the intensity of brain hydroxyl radical(OH￣) generation were examined in rat during the first four hours after postischemia reperfusion. Hydroxyl radical production was measured using the salicylate trapping method in which the production of 2, 3-dihydroxybenzoic acid(DHBA) in hippocampus(CA₁) 15 minutes after salicylate administration was used as an index of OH￣ formation. The interstitial concentration changes of salicylate and 2, 3-DHBA were detected by intracerebral microdialysis following the intraperitoneal administration of salicylate(150mg/kg) using high pressure liquid chromatography-electrochemical(HPLC -EC) and -ultraviolet(-UV). Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to 20 minutes of bilteral carotid artery occlusion(BCAO) in either normotensive or hypotensive state. Serial changes of cerebral blood flow(CBF) were monitored by H₂ clearance method. CBF of normotensive BCAO group(n = 6) was found to be decreased only to 52% of baseline value, and OH￣production after reperfusion did not develop in this group. Rats in the BCAO hypotensive group(n = 10) showed remarkable reduction of CBF to 27% of baseline(p<0.05) and 2~4 folds increase of 2, 3-DHBA/salicylate during the first 40 minutes of recirculation. Hydroxyl radical production in rats died(n = 5) after the insult was significantly higher and lasted longer than that in rats survived(n = 5)(p < 0.05). Concentration of salicylate inperfusate increased during 100 minutes after the peritoneal injection and before reaching to a plateau, which lasted for 3 hours. The changes of cerebral tissue concentration of 2, 3-DHBA differed from those of salicylate. In 2, 3-DHBA, the plateau was reached rather slowly than that of salicylate and lasted for 2 hours. These data indicate that global celebral ischemia could be induced by temporary BCAO only if the systemic hypotenion is accompanied, it can not be induced in normotensive group. The hydroxyl radical produced brain damage is prone to develop early in the reperfusion period and is correlated with the severity of ischemic insult.

약용식물의 Peroxynitrite와 Hydroxyl radical 소거 활성

민오진,김민석,곽병희,류동영 한국자원식물학회 2008 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.21 No.4

The radical scavenging activities of 9 medicinal plants on peroxynitrite (ONOO-) and hydroxyl (∙OH) radical were investigated using in vitro system. The water extracts of 9 medicinal plants showed the protective effect against ONOO- and∙OH radical. In particular, Akebia quinata, Aster scaber, Cudrania tricuspidata, Diospyros kaki, Eriobotrya japonica, Lycium chinense, Parthenocissus tricuspidata and Polygonum aviculare exhibited ONOO-- scavenging activity by about 50% at the concentration of 10μg/ml. Although those ONOO--scavenging activities were lower than that of penicillamine (94.08±3.04%) as a positive control, Eriobotrya japonica (89.87±4.57%) was the most potent scavenger of ONOO- at the concentration of 10μg/ml. Also, Diospyros kaki and Urtica angustifolia showed the strong∙OH-scavenging activity than thiourea, positive control, at the concentration of lmg/ml. Our results indicate that 9medicinal plants may act as free radical scavengers and reduce damages caused by oxidative stress associated with ONOO- and∙OH radical.