항공안전을 위한 영향요인 연구

박희정 한국테러학회 2019 한국테러학회보 Vol.12 No.4

The global aviation industry continues to grow every year, and the nation is also achieving continuous growth through the expansion of various air routes and the improvement of safe air service satisfaction. But every year, there is a growing public opinion that concerns about aviation safety are being concentrated, linked to aircraft accidents and terrorist incidents, and that efforts are needed to do so. In particular, the analysis of the causes of recent aviation safety accidents indicates that the concentration of safety tasks and the ability of air security personnel to perform safety tasks due to various fatigue and stress factors, which requires the aviation security personnel to study the effects of perceived fatigue and stress on aviation safety. Therefore, this study identified how the fatigue and task stress they perceive affect the consciousness and safe behavior for safe flight, and identified the mediated effects of safety awareness in relation to task stress and safety behavior, focusing on the cabin crew striving to use safe aircraft by the users. After confirming hypothesis 1 , it was found that both factors of fatigue have a significant effect on job stress, among which physical fatigue has a greater effect on role stress. It was also analyzed that psychological fatigue has a high effect on task stress. And after verifying hypothesis 2 and 3, the task stress has a significant effect on safety awareness and safety behavior, among them, a greater influence on safety awareness and safety behavior. The hypothesis 4 was confirmed that the safety awareness has a significant effect on the safety behavior. Finally, hypothesis 5 was found that the safety awareness showed partial wholesale effects in the relationship between task stress and safety behavior. 세계 항공 산업은 매년 지속적인 성장을 이루어내고 있으며 우리나라 또한 다양한 항공노선의 확대와 항공 안전 향상을 통해 연속적인 성장을 이루어내고 있다. 그러나 매년 항공기 사고와 테러사건에 연계되어 항공 안전에 대한 관심이 집중되고 있고, 이를 위한 노력이 필요하다는 여론이 커지고 있다. 특히 최근의 항공안전사고에 원인을 분석해보면 항공승무원들이 지각하는 다양한 피로와 스트레스 요인으로 안전업무 집중력 및 능력 저하가 그 원인으로 나타나 항공보안담당자들의 피로, 스트레스와 항공안전과의 영향관계 연구가 요구되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 이용객들의 안전한 항공기 이용을 위해 노력하는 객실승무원을 중심으로 그들이 지각하는 피로와 직무 스트레스가 안전한 비행을 위한 안전의식과 안전행동에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 확인하고, 직무스트레스와 안전행동과의 관계에서 안전의식의 매개효과를 확인하였다. 실증적 분석을 통해 가설 1을 확인한 결과, 피로의 2요인 모두 직무스트레스에 유의미한 영향을 미치고, 그 중에서 역할스트레스에는 신체적 피로가 더 큰 영향을 주는 요인임을 확인하였다. 또한 직무스트레스에는 심리적 피로가 높은 영향을 주는 것으로 분석되었다. 그리고 가설 2와 가설 3을 검증한 결과, 직무스트레스는 안전의식과 안전행동에 각각 유의미한 영향을 주며, 그 중 관계스트레스가 안전의식과 안전행동에 미치는 더 큰 영향요인으로 나타났다. 이어서 가설 4를 실증한 결과, 안전의식은 안전행동에 유의미한 영향을 미친다는 것을 확인하였다. 마지막으로 가설 5를 분석한 결과, 안전의식이 직무스트레스와 안전행동과의 영향관계에서 부분매개효과를 나타내는 것을 확인하였다.

객실승무원의 피로와 직무만족에서 안전의식행동의 매개효과연구

이은희,양희옥 관광경영학회 2020 관광경영연구 Vol.97 No.-

The cabin crew performs their duties in a special environment called an aircraft. The cabin crew is responsible for the safety of passengers and various tasks, and they are often exposed to a lot of fatigue. Therefore, this study examines how fatigue of cabin crew affects job satisfaction and empirical research is conducted on whether the cabin crew's safety consciousness acts as a medium between fatigue and job satisfaction. As a result of these studies, the purpose is to present basic data that can reduce fatigue of cabin crew and promote job satisfaction and safety awareness. The results of the study are as follows. First, the physiological fatigue of the cabin crew was shown to affect the welfare satisfaction with a positive sign and a negative effect on the company's satisfaction. Second, physiological fatigue of cabin crew affects safety consciousness with positive effect, and minor fatigue affects safety behavior with positive effect. Third, a sense of safety plays a role in the relationship between physiological fatigue and welfare satisfaction of cabin crew and company satisfaction. Also, in the relationship between minor fatigue and welfare satisfaction, safety actions were found to play a role as a medium. Based on the above findings, airline organizations need to come up with various measures to relieve the fatigue of cabin crews.

AHP 기법을 활용한 조종사 피로요인의 상대적 중요도 분석

문우춘,강우정,최연철,김웅이,이구희 한국항공운항학회 2012 한국항공운항학회지 Vol.20 No.3

The traditional regulatory approach to managing pilots fatigue has been to prescribe limits on maximum daily, monthly, and yearly flight and duty hours, and require minimum breaks within and between duty periods. This approach comes from a long history of limits on working hours dating back to the industrial revolution. So, the Council of ICAO recently adopted International Commercial Air Transport regarding the development and implementation of fatigue risk management systems(FRMS). The FRMS can provide better safety outcomes than current prescriptive flight and duty regulations while allowing greater operational flexibility. This study aim to analyzing relative importance of pilots' fatigue factors in order to minimize pilots' fatigue-related safety risks. More researches regarding monitoring and managing fatigue, based upon scientific principles, are required in the future. The traditional regulatory approach to managing pilots fatigue has been to prescribe limits on maximum daily, monthly, and yearly flight and duty hours, and require minimum breaks within and between duty periods. This approach comes from a long history of limits on working hours dating back to the industrial revolution. So, the Council of ICAO recently adopted International Commercial Air Transport regarding the development and implementation of fatigue risk management systems(FRMS). The FRMS can provide better safety outcomes than current prescriptive flight and duty regulations while allowing greater operational flexibility. This study aim to analyzing relative importance of pilots' fatigue factors in order to minimize pilots' fatigue-related safety risks. More researches regarding monitoring and managing fatigue, based upon scientific principles, are required in the future.

AHP 기법을 활용한 조종사 피로요인의 상대적 중요도 분석

문우춘 ( Woo Choon Moon ),강우정 ( Woo Jung Kang ),최연철 ( Youn Chul Choi ),김웅이 ( Woong Yi Kim ),이구희 ( Koo Hee Lee ) 한국항공운항학회 2012 한국항공운항학회지 Vol.20 No.3

The traditional regulatory approach to managing pilots fatigue has been to prescribe limits on maximum daily, monthly, and yearly flight and duty hours, and require minimum breaks within and between duty periods. This approach comes from a long history of limits on working hours dating back to the industrial revolution. So, the Council of ICAO recently adopted International Commercial Air Transport regarding the development and implementation of fatigue risk management systems(FRMS). The FRMS can provide better safety outcomes than current prescriptive flight and duty regulations while allowing greater operational flexibility. This study aim to analyzing relative importance of pilots` fatigue factors in order to minimize pilots` fatigue-related safety risks. More researches regarding monitoring and managing fatigue, based upon scientific principles, are required in the future.

Assessment of Sleep Deprivation and Fatigue Among Chemical Transportation Drivers in Chonburi, Thailand

Phatrabuddha, Nantaporn,Yingratanasuk, Tanongsak,Rotwannasin, Piti,Jaidee, Wanlop,Krajaiklang, Narin Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2018 Safety and health at work Vol.9 No.2

Background: Fatigue and sleepiness are inter-related and common among road transport drivers. In this study, sleep deprivation and fatigue among chemical transportation drivers were examined. Methods: A cross-sectional study surveying 107 drivers from three hazardous types of chemical production and transportation industries (nonflammable gases, flammable gases, and flammable liquids) was conducted. Data on sleep deprivation were collected using questionnaires of the Stanford Sleeping Scale and the Groningen Sleep Quality Scale. Fatigue was assessed using an interview questionnaire and a flicker fusion instrument. Results: Chemical drivers had a mean sleeping scale (Stanford Sleeping Scale) of 1.98 (standard deviation 1.00) and had a mean score of 1.89 (standard deviation 2.06) on the Groningen Sleep Quality Scale. High-risk drivers had higher scores in both the Stanford Sleeping Scale and the Groningen Sleep Quality Scale with a mean score of 2.59 and 4.62, respectively, and those differences reached statistical significance (p < 0.05). The prevalence of fatigue, as assessed through a critical flicker fusion analyzer, subjective fatigue question, and either of the instruments, was 32.32%, 16.16%, and 43.43%, respectively. Drivers who slept <7 hours and had poor sleep quality were found to have more fatigue than those who slept enough and well. Drivers who had a more sleepiness score resulted in significantly more objective fatigue than those who had a less sleepiness score. Conclusion: Sleep quality and sleeping hour can affect a driver's fatigue. Optimization of work-rest model should be considered to improve productivity, driver retention, and road safety.

강재 트러스교의 해석에 의한 피로설계기준 비교 및 검토

김상석 ( Kim Sang-seog ),정희영 ( Jung Hie-young ) 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 2003 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집 Vol.7 No.3

강교의 구조적 거동은 강도 및 사용성이 충족되고, 피로안전성이 확보될 때 공용수명을 충분히 확신할 수 있다. 그러나, 현재 교량의 피로에 관한 연구들은 상당히 부족하여 이 분야에 대한 지속적인 연구가 절실히 요구된다. 본 연구는 강교의 장기적인 피로안전성을 확보하기 위해서 실무에 적합한 피로설계지침의 방향을 제시함을 목표로 수행되었다. 연속된 강재 트러스교에 실교통량의 누적빈도수를 적용시켜 분석한 결과, 국내 의 피로설계규정은 응력범위와 피로강도가 국외의 주요 설계기준에 비하여 과대평가 되는 것으로 나타난다. 따라서, 향후 국내의 피로설계지침에서는 피로설계조항들이 피로설계에 합리적으로 규정되는 것이 필요하다. The service life of steel bridges can be assured only when their strength, serviceability and fatigue safety are fulfilled. However, at the present time, the continuous research for fatigue of steel bridges is desperately required since not much research work has been done so far. In this study, a guideline on the fatigue design is suggested for the practical purpose in order to establish the long-term safety of steel bridges against fatigue. The continuous steel truss bridge was analyzed for the cumulative reversals of the actual traffic, stress ranges and fatigue strength. From the results, the domestic fatigue design procedure was found to be fairly overestimated in comparison to the design code of other foreign countries. Therefore, it is necessary to review the current fatigue design specifications and have the new and rationalized design criteria in the future domestic fatigue design guidance.

Efficacy and Safety of “URSA Complex” in Subjects with Physical Fatigue: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial

Kim, Kwang-Min,Kim, Moon-Jong,Song, Sang-Wook,Cho, Doo-Yeoun,Park, Kyung-Chae,Yang, Sung-Won,Kim, Young-Sang,Kim, Kyung-Soo Medknow PublicationsMedia Pvt Ltd 2016 Chinese medical journal : CMJ Vol.129 No.2

<P><B>Background:</B></P><P>Fatigue is a common symptom both in diseases status and in healthy subjects. Various supplements and nutraceuticals for relieving of fatigue have been used. However, there are a few studies to evaluate the efficacy and the safety of the drug for fatigue alleviation, we conducted using URSA Complex to evaluate the efficacy on physical fatigue via score changes in the checklist individual strength (CIS).</P><P><B>Methods:</B></P><P>The study was designed as a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, with subjects randomized to one of the two arms, receiving either placebo or URSA Complex administered as identical capsules. The primary efficacy endpoints of this clinical trials are the ratio of improving CIS scores < 76 points in patients at the end (4 weeks). Secondary efficacy variables are as follows one is an improvement of fatigue and the other is an improvement of the liver enzyme.</P><P><B>Results:</B></P><P>The fatigue recovery rate in who had improved CIS scores of < 76 points were 70.0%, 50.9% in the therapy group and placebo group, respectively (<I>P</I> = 0.019). The fatigue recovery rate in CIS score was higher in URSA Complex therapy group than placebo group. The difference between therapy group and placebo group was statistically significant at 4 weeks later, but not 2 weeks.</P><P><B>Conclusions:</B></P><P>Our results provided that the URSA Complex was effective in alleviating physical fatigue. The adverse event frequency in the therapy groups was similar to that in the placebo group.</P>

Assessment of Sleep Deprivation and Fatigue Among Chemical Transportation Drivers in Chonburi, Thailand

Nantaporn Phatrabuddha,Tanongsak Yingratanasuk,Piti Rotwannasin,Wanlop Jaidee,Narin Krajaiklang 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 2018 Safety and health at work Vol.9 No.2

Background: Fatigue and sleepiness are inter-related and common among road transport drivers. In this study, sleep deprivation and fatigue among chemical transportation drivers were examined. Methods: A cross-sectional study surveying 107 drivers from three hazardous types of chemical production and transportation industries (nonflammable gases, flammable gases, and flammable liquids) was conducted. Data on sleep deprivation were collected using questionnaires of the Stanford Sleeping Scale and the Groningen Sleep Quality Scale. Fatigue was assessed using an interview questionnaire and a flicker fusion instrument. Results: Chemical drivers had a mean sleeping scale (Stanford Sleeping Scale) of 1.98 (standard deviation 1.00) and had a mean score of 1.89 (standard deviation 2.06) on the Groningen Sleep Quality Scale. Highrisk drivers had higher scores in both the Stanford Sleeping Scale and the Groningen Sleep Quality Scale with a mean score of 2.59 and 4.62, respectively, and those differences reached statistical significance (p < 0.05). The prevalence of fatigue, as assessed through a critical flicker fusion analyzer, subjective fatigue question, and either of the instruments, was 32.32%, 16.16%, and 43.43%, respectively. Drivers who slept <7 hours and had poor sleep quality were found to have more fatigue than those who slept enough and well. Drivers who had a more sleepiness score resulted in significantly more objective fatigue than those who had a less sleepiness score. Conclusion: Sleep quality and sleeping hour can affect a driver’s fatigue. Optimization of workerest model should be considered to improve productivity, driver retention, and road safety.

Health and Safety: Fatigue among Seafarers in Malaysia

FIRDAUS NOR,SITI MARSILA MHD RUSLAN,KASYPI MOKHTAR,N.H.M. SALLEH,J. JEEVAN,A. H. NGAH,R. M. HANAFIAH 국제이네비해양경제학회 2019 International Journal of e-Navigation and Maritime Vol.12 No.1

Fatigue is not a trivial issue and needs much attention. On the other hand, fatigue among seafarers could lead to accidents at sea due to their inability and ineffectiveness in carrying out their work. Some were caused by sleepiness and lack of vigour, which, could not only affect their safety but compromising on other seafarers as well. In this study, factors that cause fatigue among seafarers were examined analytically and their quantitative priorities were determined using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. Additionally, the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) is used to identify the best alternatives in minimizing fatigue among seafarers. For this, data is collected through interview involving those working in academic and maritime industry with more than 5 years of experiences in dealing with seafarers. The AHP result shows that fitness is the main cause that could affect fatigue on seafarers’ reliability. Besides, TOPSIS result shows that a well-maintained shipboard is the best way in sustaining seafarers’ energy. In sum, fatigue among seafarers could influence on safety and may lead towards precarious health issue over a long-term.

The Improvement of Pilot Fatigue Management

Jin-Kook Choi 한국항공우주의학협회 2023 항공우주의학회지 Vol.33 No.1

The fatigue of pilots is the most threatening factor in aviation safety internationally, requiring continuous management. In order to prevent aircraft accidents that may occur due to fatigue, this paper analyzes fatigue-related accident cases and previous research and suggests ways to improve the fatigue management of pilots. Problems in major fatigue accidents were active communication failure, lack of leadership of the captain, inadequate contingency management, lack of workload management, and the most important factors in accidents were inadequate decision making of continuing an approach without going around. It is necessary to proactively improve and establish go-around culture in the organization and manage human factors with training and procedures of Threat and Error Management and Crew Resource Management. In order to fundamentally prevent accidents related to fatigue fundamentally, it is necessary to establish Fatigue Risk Management and Safety Management System, and identify the actual threats and errors in the cockpit of the aircraft.