객체 검출과 객체 분할 방법의 무인 감시 데이터셋 적용 결과 비교

최경훈,하종은 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2022 제어·로봇·시스템학회 논문지 Vol.28 No.10

Visual surveillance aims to detect foreground objects stably under diverse variations caused by weather changes. Traditional visual surveillance algorithms are based on a statistical analysis of pixel variations along the spatio-temporal domain. Recently, deep learning-based algorithms have improved performance compared to conventional algorithms. In this paper, we investigate the performance of object detection and semantic segmentation algorithms on visual surveillance datasets. We use the CDnet dataset, which is widely used in visual surveillance. We adjust labels in the CDnet dataset to be suitable for object detection and semantic segmentation. We investigate the possibility of object detection and semantic segmentation in visual surveillance. Two types of algorithms based on CNN and transformer are used in experiments. Experimental results show that spatio-temporal processing is required to improve performance when we apply object detection and semantic segmentation in visual surveillance. .

임베디드 시스템 기반 지능형 영상 감시 시스템 구현

송재민,김동진,정용배,박영석,김태효,Song, Jae-Min,Kim, Dong-Jin,Jung, Yong-Bae,Park, Young-Seak,Kim, Tae-Hyo 한국융합신호처리학회 2012 융합신호처리학회 논문지 (JISPS) Vol.13 No.2

본 논문에서는 NIOS II 임베디드 플랫폼을 기반으로 하는 지능형 영상 감시 시스템을 구현하였다. 지금까지의 입베디 드 기반의 영상 감시 시스템들은 하드웨어의 의존도가 높아 특정한 목적에 제한되는 단점이 있었다. 이러한 한계를 개 선하기 위하여, 필자들은 그 응용의 목적에 따라 폭 넓게 적용 가능한 유연성이 높은 임베디드 플랫폼을 구현하였다. 소프트웨어 중심 프로그래밍 기법의 주요 문제점인 고속 처리를 위하여, 핵심 부분인 하드웨어 플랫폼에서 SOPC형 NIOS II 임베디드 프로세서와 영상처리 알고리즘을 소프트웨어 프로그래밍과 C2H(The Altera NIOS II C-To-Hardware(C2H) Acceleration Compiler) 컴파일러를 사용하는 하드웨어 프로그래밍을 통합하여 시스템의 성능을 향상 시켰다. 그리고 NIOS II 임베디드 프로세서 플랫폼을 중심으로 각각의 디바이스 인터페이스를 통합 관리하는 서버 시스템을 구축하고, 사용자의 접근 효율을 높이기 위해 네트워크상에서 제어하는 기능을 추가하였다.본 시스템을 영상 감시를 위한 지정된 구역에 설치하여 시험하고 그 성능을 평가하였다. In this paper, an intelligent visual surveillance system based on a NIOS II embedded platform is implemented. By this time, embedded based visual surveillance systems were restricted for a special purpose because of high dependence upon hardware. In order to improve the restriction, we implement a flexible embedded platform, which is available for various purpose of applications. For high speed processing of software based programming, we improved performance of the system which is integrated the SOPC type of NIOS II embedded processor and image processing algorithms by using software programming and C2H(The Altera NIOS II C-To-Hardware(C2H) Acceleration Compiler) compiler in the core of the hardware platform. Then, we constructed a server system which globally manage some devices by the NIOS II embedded processor platform, and included the control function on networks to increase efficiency for user. We tested and evaluated our system at the designated region for visual surveillance.

Autonomous Feature Following for Visual Surveillance Using a Small Unmanned Aerial Vehicle with Gimbaled Camera System

이덕진,Isaac Kaminer,Vladimir Dobrokhodov,Kevin Jones 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2010 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.8 No.5

This paper represents the development of feature following control and distributed navigation algorithms for visual surveillance using a small unmanned aerial vehicle equipped with a low-cost imaging sensor unit. An efficient map-based feature generation and following control algorithm is de-veloped to make an onboard imaging sensor to track a target. An efficient navigation system is also designed for real-time position and velocity estimates of the unmanned aircraft, which is used as inputs for the path following controller. The performance of the proposed autonomous path following capability with a stabilized gimbaled camera onboard a small unmanned aerial robot is demonstrated through flight tests with application to target tracking for real-time visual surveillance.

듀얼 모드(고정형+PTZ 카메라) 감시 카메라를 이용한 효과적인 화상 감시 시스템에 관한 연구

김기석(Giseok Kim),이삭(Saac Lee),박종섭(Jong-Seop Park),조재수(Jae-Soo Cho) 제어로봇시스템학회 2012 제어·로봇·시스템학회 논문지 Vol.18 No.7

An effective dual-mode camera system(a passive wide-angle camera and a pan-tilt-zoom camera) is proposed in order to improve the performance of visual surveillance. The fixed wide-angle camera is used to monitor large open areas, but the moving objects on the images are too small to view in detail. And, the PTZ camera is capable of increasing the monitoring area and enhancing the image quality by tracking and zooming in on a specific moving target. However, its FOV (Field of View) is limited when zooming in on a specific target. Therefore, the cooperation of wide-angle and PTZ cameras is complementary. In this paper, we propose an automatic initial set-up algorithm and coordinate transform method from the wide-angle camera coordinate to the PTZ one, which are necessary to achieve the cooperation. The automatic initial set-up algorithm is able to synchronize the views of two cameras. When a moving object appears on the image plane of a wide-angle camera after the initial set-up positioning, the obtained values of the wide-angle camera should be transformed to the PTZ values based on the coordinate transform method. We also develope the PTZ control method. Various in-door and out-door experiments show that the proposed dual-camera system is feasible for the effective visual surveillance.

무선 고해상도 영상 전송 기술에 기반한 영상 감시 시스템의 설계

김원 한국인터넷방송통신학회 2012 한국인터넷방송통신학회 논문지 Vol.12 No.5

공공장소에서 의도적으로 유기하는 위험 물체를 감지하는 것은 사회 안전 목적에서 중요하다. 오늘날 영상 감시 시스템은 고해상도와 무선 연결 능력의 측면에서의 성능 향상이 요구되고 있다. 이 연구에서는 무선 고해상도 영상 전송 기술을 기반으로 사회 안전 목적의 유기물 감지를 위하여 영상 감시 시스템의 설계를 제안하고 있다. 또한 탐지 성능인 PED, PAT 지수를 향상시키기 위하여 이전의 영상 감시 소프트웨어 구조에 추적 알고리즘이 포함되도록 하였다. 실제 무선 고해상도 영상 전송 시스템 위에 제안된 설계 구조를 구현함으로써, 4.0 Gbps 속도의 전송 성능으 로서 전체 시스템의 유효성을 보인다. It is important to detect dangerous objects which are intentionally abandoned in public places. Nowadays visual surveillance system is required to enhance the performance in two ways : high resolution and wireless linking ability. In this study the design of visual surveillance system is newly proposed to detect abandoned objects for social security purpose based on wireless high resolution image transmission technology. Also, to enhance PED, PAT performance, the tracking algorithm is included in the previous visual surveillance software scheme. By implementing proposed design scheme on the real wireless high resolution image transmission system, the effectiveness of the overall system is shown with the transmission performance of 4.0 Gbps speed.

조명광 변화에 강인한 영상 감시시스템 구현

정용배,김정현,김태효,Jung, Yong-Bae,Kim, Jung-Hyeon,Kim, Tae-Hyo 한국정보통신학회 2006 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.10 No.3

본 논문에서는 영상 감시 시스템의 중요한 조건인 주위의 조명 광이 변화하는 환경 하에서도 감시의 효율 개선할 수 있는 알고리듬을 고안하고 이를 실험을 통하여 확인하였다. 감시 시스템의 어려운 처리 과정들 중 하나인 카메라로 들어오는 조명광의 변화에 대처할 수 있는 영상처리 기법으로서 기존의 감시 시스템들은 이러한 변화에 따른 오차 특성을 고려하지 않았다. 실제로, 영상 감시시스템에 미치는 영향들로는 야간의 미약한 영상정보 그리고 조명의 반사나 등이 있으며, 이러한 영향은 정확한 물체를 인식하는데 많은 오차를 발생시킨다. 특히 야간영상에서 미약한 영상정보와 노이즈로 인한 오차특성은 감시 시스템의 성능을 가늠할 정도로 그 영향이 크다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 조명광의 변화에 강인한 필터를 설계하고, 히스토그램 분석과 가보 필터를 이용하여 효과적으로 이 동물체를 인식 및 추적 할 수 있는 시스템을 제안하였다. 그 결과 조명 광이 좋은 상태인 주간에는 인식률이 이동 물체의 수에 대하여 약간의 차이가 있으나, $92\sim100%$의 인식률을 보였고, 야간의 경우 조명이 미약한 상태에서도 $80\sim90%$의 인식률을 보였다. In this paper, the algorithm which improve the efficiency of surveillance in spite of the change of light is proposed and confirmed by virtue of the experiments. One of the problems for the implementation of visual surveillance system is the image processing technique to overcome with the variations of illumination lights. Some conventional systems are generally not considered the error due to the change of lights because the system use at indoor. In practical, the factors of bad image can be classified to the ghosts due to the reflection of lights and shadows in a scene. Especially weak images and noises at night are decreased the performance of visual surveillance system. In the paper, the filter which improve the images with some change of illumination lights is designed and the gabor filter is used for recognition and tracking of the moving objects. In the results, the system showed that the recognition and tracking were obtained $92\sim100%$ of recognition rate at daytime, but $80\sim90%$ of nighttime.

비겹침 다중 IP 카메라 기반 영상감시시스템의 객체추적 프레임워크

한민호,박수완,한종욱 한국정보보호학회 2011 정보보호학회논문지 Vol.21 No.6

다양한 감시 환경에서의 보안의 중요성이 대두됨에 따라 여러 대의 카메라로 움직이는 물체를 연속적으로 추적하는 시스템에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 논문은 물체를 연속적으로 추적하기 위해 비겹침 다중 카메라 기반의 영삼감시시스템을 제안한다. 제안된 다중 IP 카메라 기반 객체추적 기술은 장치 간 hand-off 기술 및 프로토콜을 바탕으로 객체추적 모듈과 추적관리 모듈로 구성된다. 객체추적 모듈은 IP 카메라에서 실행되며 객체추적 정보 생성, 객체추적 정보 공유, 객체추적 정보를 이용한 객체 검색 및 모듈 내 설정 기능을 제공하고, 추적관리 모듈은 영상관제 서버에서 실행되며 객체추적 정보 실시간 수신, 객체추적 정보 검색, IP 카메라 컨트롤 기능을 제공한다. 본 논문에서 제안한 객체추적 기술은 다양한 감시 환경과 기술 방법에 의존하지 않는 범용적 프레임워크를 제안한다. Growing efforts and interests of security techniques in a diverse surveillance environment, the intelligent surveillance system, which is capable of automatically detecting and tracking target objects in multi-cameras environment, is actively developing in a security community. In this paper, we propose an effective visual surveillance system that is avaliable to track objects continuously in multiple non-overlapped cameras. The proposed object tracking scheme consists of object tracking module and tracking management module, which are based on hand-off scheme and protocol. The object tracking module, runs on IP camera, provides object tracking information generation, object tracking information distribution and similarity comparison function. On the other hand, the tracking management module, runs on video control server, provides realtime object tracking reception, object tracking information retrieval and IP camera control functions. The proposed object tracking scheme allows comprehensive framework that can be used in a diverse range of application, because it doesn't rely on the particular surveillance system or object tracking techniques.

Some Epistemological Remarks on Contemporary Films: Focusing on 'Visual Pleasure'

지승학 고려대학교 응용문화연구소 2018 에피스테메 Vol.0 No.19

In this article, first of all, what I want to insight is what is 'visual pleasure'. Visual pleasure, as a term of psychoanalysis, is one of the strategies that work primarily in Hollywood movies. Therefore, I think that this concept can be divided into the first pleasure to make a visual image object and second, the pleasure to discover the perfect image of oneself. The first visual pleasure is also known as Scopophilia. Scopophilia refers to the act of looking in sexuality. The key is that it is a type of looking without revealing itself. The second visual pleasure is narcissism. As you well know, it is the pleasure of discovering your idealized ego. It is a panopticon that Scopophilia works at the national level. It can be seen that Scopophilia is ultimately an important operating principle of 'Surveillance'. Narcissism is a pleasure to discover the idealized self. In particular, this is related to the attitude of spectators viewing national antagonistic sports games. Therefore, conceptualizing these two things can be called 'Objectfication of others' and 'Idealization of oneself'. From this article, I'm willing to compare the visual pleasure of 3 Korea Directors films with the early Hollywood Films. The Objectification of others always structures 'the looking subject' and 'the visible object'. In the patriarchal society, the subject is structured as a man, the visible object is a woman, and this structure is transformed into a very strong power-structure. At this time, the image of the visible object becomes an element of Spectacle.

Event recognition of entering and exiting

취야오환(Yaohuan Cui),이창우(Changwoo Lee) 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2008 한국컴퓨터정보학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.16 No.1

Visual surveillance is an active topic recently in Computer Vision. Event detection and recognition is one important and useful application of visual surveillance system. In this paper, we propose a new method to recognize the entering and exiting events based on the human s movement feature and the door’s state. Without sensors. the proposed approach is based on novel and simple vision method as a combination of edge detection. motion history image and geometrical characteristic of the human shape. The proposed method includes several applications such as access control in visual surveillance and computer vision fields.

Enhanced Design of Wireless HD Image Transmission System Based on Millimeter Wave Technology for Visual Surveillance

Won Kim 한국정보기술학회 2011 한국정보기술학회논문지 Vol.9 No.10

Video surveillance plays an important role in modern society. In the current visual surveillance technology, camera systems are evolving to HD supporting devices because there are always needs to vividly watch foreground scenes. In this study, a wireless image transmission system is proposed to satisfy the requirement for the full-HD video surveillance without connection cables by the enhanced design scheme based on the millimeter wave technology. The experimental results show 4.0Gbps transmission performance in the full-HD image resolution with 60Hz update rate.