Analysis of Cracking Development and Mechanical Characteristics of High-Filled Cut-and-Cover Tunnel

Bin Zhuo,Feiyang Wang,Yong Fang,Yan Chen,Guixia Ning 대한토목학회 2020 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.24 No.8

The cut-and-cover tunnel (CCT) construction scheme has led to the popularity of high-filled cut-and-cover tunnel (HFCCT). HFCCT possesses a backfilling height of 30 − 50 m. However, such a high soil column produces a large force on the structure and the structure is prone to crack, causing structural damage and difficulty in normal use. In order to provide a reference for the structural safety assessment of HFCCT, we conducted a similarity model test to study the variation law of the development of crack, displacement, and internal force of HFCCT with a coefficient of λ (the ratio of the backfilling height to the height of the cut-and-cover tunnel). In the test, a 1:20 similar scale CCT model with slope angle 70° and groove width ratio 1 was built using data from the HFCCT on the Lanyu Line. The backfilling process on site was simulated in a simulation box (360 cm long, 120 cm wide and 209 cm high). A numerical model was also built using PFC2D to verify the accuracy of the model test and further explain the crack formation mechanism of the HFCCT from a microscopic perspective. The results show that with the increase of the coefficient of λ, the bearing stage of the CCT can be roughly divided into three stages: steady growth stage, rapid growth stage, and accelerated growth stage. Furthermore, the development of cracks is closely related to the displacement and internal force of the CCT. The larger the displacement of the CCT, the greater the instability of the structure and the larger the ratio of the bending moment to the internal force, which causes the crack to develop faster.

Protectin DX increases alveolar fluid clearance in rats with lipopolysaccharideinduced acute lung injury

Xiao-Jun Zhuo,Yu Hao,Fei Cao,Song-Fan Yan,Hui Li,Qian Wang,Bi-Huan Cheng,Bin-Yu Ying,Bin-Yu Ying,Sheng-Wei Jin 생화학분자생물학회 2018 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.50 No.-

Acute respiratory distress syndrome is a life-threatening critical syndrome resulting largely from the accumulation of and the inability to clear pulmonary edema. Protectin DX, an endogenously produced lipid mediator, is believed to exert anti-inflammatory and pro-resolution effects. Protectin DX (5 μg/kg) was injected i.v. 8 h after LPS (14 mg/kg) administration, and alveolar fluid clearance was measured in live rats (n = 8). In primary rat ATII epithelial cells, protectin DX (3.605 × 10−3 mg/l) was added to the culture medium with LPS for 6 h. Protectin DX improved alveolar fluid clearance (9.65 ± 1.60 vs. 15.85 ± 1.49, p < 0.0001) and decreased pulmonary edema and lung injury in LPSinduced lung injury in rats. Protectin DX markedly regulated alveolar fluid clearance by upregulating sodium channel and Na, K-ATPase protein expression levels in vivo and in vitro. Protectin DX also increased the activity of Na, K-ATPase and upregulated P-Akt via inhibiting Nedd4–2 in vivo. In addition, protectin DX enhanced the subcellular distribution of sodium channels and Na, K-ATPase, which were specifically localized to the apical and basal membranes of primary rat ATII cells. Furthermore, BOC-2, Rp-cAMP, and LY294002 blocked the increased alveolar fluid clearance in response to protectin DX. Protectin DX stimulates alveolar fluid clearance through a mechanism partly dependent on alveolar epithelial sodium channel and Na, K-ATPase activation via the ALX/PI3K/Nedd4–2 signaling pathway.

Analysis on Coexistence of Ultra Wideband with OFDM-Based Communication Systems

Zhuo Li,Weixia Zou,Bin Li,Zheng Zhou,Xiaojun Huang IEEE 2011 IEEE transactions on electromagnetic compatibility Vol.53 No.3

<P>Considering the potential interference of ultrawideband (UWB) on OFDM-based wireless communication systems, this paper studies coexistence issue between UWB with both impulse radio (IR) and multiband (MB) modulation and IEEE802.11n, WiMAX, and LTE downlink systems, using physical layer modeling strategy. According to the physical characteristics of UWB and the victim systems, entire physical layer models are set up. Based on the requirements of bit error rate (BER) and receiver sensitivity of the three victim systems, the emission limits of UWB are respectively obtained. Compared with a method based on interference to noise ratio (I/N) criteria, this method reflects the effect of the actual systems, so the conclusion can provide the reference to formulating the frequency spectrum of UWB within the operating frequency bands of the victim systems. Besides, we also reveal that IR-UWB should be more strictly regulated compared with MB-OFDM because of its time domain characteristic.</P>

A management strategy for solar panel - battery - super capacitor hybrid energy system in solar car

Bin Wu,Fang Zhuo,Fei Long,Weiwei Gu,Yang Qing,YanQin Liu 전력전자학회 2011 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2011 No.5

This paper presents an application of solar energy - battery - super-capacitor hybrid energy storage system in solar electric vehicles. The key point is the proposed energy management control algorithm. The entire system consists of a solar panel, a boost converter, a battery, a super capacitor, a bi-directional DC/DC converter, and a brushless DC motor. This paper gives the details of the control strategy to cooperate the three energy sources or storage devices: solar panel, battery and super capacitor. A hysteretic control algorithm for battery charging by solar panel is given. A novel control method for bi-directional DC/DC is proposed to keep the battery discharging current within a certain limit and make full use of super capacitor. The switching transient between super-capacitor charging mode and discharging mode is also presented. Both simulation and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.

Ursolic Acid-induced Apoptosis in K562 Cells Involving Upregulation of PTEN Gene Expression and Inactivation of the PI3K/Akt Pathway

Bin Wu,Zhuo-gang Liu,Xu Wang,Zuo-fei Chi,Rong Hu,Rong Zhang,Wei Yang 대한약학회 2012 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.35 No.3

Ursolic acid (UA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid derived from a variety of medicinal plants, exhibits potent anticancer activity against many types of cancer cells. However, the anticancer mechanism of UA is not clearly understood. Suppression of phosphatase and a tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) gene expression leading to activation of the phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway has been observed in many cancers including leukemia, making the PTEN gene and PI3K/Akt pathway a central target for cancer therapy. Here, we demonstrated that UA was able to inhibit growth, induce apoptosis in a human chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line (K562 cells) via upregulation of PTEN gene expression, inhibit Akt kinase activity, change mitochondrial transmembrane potential and reduce the release of cytochrome c and the activity of caspases. These results suggest that UA may elicit its strong antitumor effects via upregulation of the PTEN gene and inhibition of the PI3K/Akt pathway.

Synergistic Effects of Polypropylene and Glass Fiber on Mechanical Properties and Durability of Recycled Aggregate Concrete

Bin Lei,Wengui Li,Huajian Liu,Zhuo Tang,Vivian W. Y. Tam 한국콘크리트학회 2020 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.14 No.5

To better understand the synergistic effects of combined fibers on mechanical properties and durability of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC), different types of fibers with various lengths and mass ratios were adopted in this study. Experimental investigations were conducted to study the 28-day compressive strength and strength loss after exposed to salt-solution freeze–thaw cycles and the coupled action of mechanical loading and salt-solution freeze–thaw cycles. The microstructure was also characterized to evaluate the mechanism of this synergistic effect. To determine the effectiveness of the combined fibers on improving the mechanical properties and durability of RAC, the synergistic coefficient was proposed and applied for various combinations of fibers. The results indicate that the incorporation of fibers slightly decreased the 28-day compressive strength of RAC, but combining different sizes and types of fibers can mitigate this negative effect. Moreover, the incorporation of fibers greatly improves the freeze–thaw resistance of RAC. The combining different fibers exhibited a synergistic effect on the enhancement in properties of RAC, which could not be predicted with only one simplistic rule of fibre mixtures. In addition, microstructural characterization shows that the bonding strength of the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) between the fiber and cement matrix is mainly determined by the chemical bonding force which is due to the hydration reaction between fiber surface and cement matrix.

An Unconventional Outer-to-Inner Synthesis Strategy for Core (Au)-Shell Nanostructures with Photoelectrochemical Enhancement

Zhuo Zhang,Chen Bin,용기중 한국진공학회 2018 한국진공학회 학술발표회초록집 Vol.2018 No.2

Comparison of the efficacy and safety of transurethral laser versus open prostatectomy for patients with large-sized benign prostatic hyperplasia: A meta-analysis of comparative trials

Hai-bin Wei,Bing-yi Guo,Yao-fen Tu,Xuan-han Hu,Wei Zheng,Da-hong Zhang,Jian Zhuo 대한비뇨의학회 2022 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.63 No.3

Purpose: The selection of open prostatectomy (OP) over transurethral laser surgery is controversial for large volume prostates. Thus, we aim to compare the efficacy and safety of transurethral laser versus OP, and provide the latest evidence of clinical practice for large-sized benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Materials and Methods: This meta-analysis used Review Manager V5.3 software and the systematic literature search of Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science datasets was performed for citations published from 2000 to 2020 that compared transurethral laser with OP for the treatment of large BPH. Variables of interest assessing the two techniques included clinical characteristics, and the perioperation-, effectiveness-, and complication-related outcomes. Results: The meta-analysis included twelve studies containing 1,514 patients, with 792 laser and 722 OP. The transurethral laser group was associated with shorter hospital stay and catheterization duration, and less hemoglobin decreased in the perioperative variables. There was no significant difference in the international prostate symptom score, post-void residual urine volume, maximum flow rate, and quality of life score. Transurethral laser group had a significantly lower incidence of blood transfusion than OP group (odds ratio, 0.10; 95% confidence interval, 0.05 to 0.19; p<0.001; I2=8%), and no statistical differences were found with respect to the other complications. Conclusions: Both OP and transurethral laser prostatectomy are effective and safe treatments for large prostate adenomas. With these advantages of less blood loss and transfusion, and shorter catheterization time and hospital stay, laser may be a better choice for large BPH.

An antenna/spacer/reflector based Au/BiVO₄/WO₃/Au nanopatterned photoanode for plasmon-enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting

Chen, Bin,Zhang, Zhuo,Baek, Minki,Kim, Sangkuk,Kim, Wooyul,Yong, Kijung Elsevier 2018 Applied Catalysis B Vol.237 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>BiVO<SUB>4</SUB> is one of the most promising photoanodes for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. However, BiVO<SUB>4</SUB> is limited by less-than-unity efficiencies of light absorption and charge separation due to a trade-off between the long penetration depth of photons and relatively short length carrier diffusion. Here, an antenna/spacer/reflector based Au/BiVO<SUB>4</SUB>/WO<SUB>3</SUB>/Au nanopatterned photoanode is designed by integrating ultrathin BiVO<SUB>4</SUB> layer between two kinds of Au nanospheres (NSs) with different sizes. The large underlying nanopatterned Au NSs sever as current collector and back reflector to reflect the incident light by Bragg reflection of the highly ordered Au NSs array, while the small surface Au NSs act as antennas to absorb the incident and reflected light, which concentrates the light energy to the BiVO<SUB>4</SUB> layer. Moreover, a strong electromagnetic field is created in the BiVO<SUB>4</SUB> spacer due to the coupling interaction between the reflector and antenna, which promotes the charge separation of BiVO<SUB>4</SUB>. Based on this unique antenna/spacer/reflector structure, the ultrathin BiVO<SUB>4</SUB> of only 70 nm achieves a photocurrent density of 1.31 mA/cm<SUP>2</SUP> at 1.23 V<SUB>RHE</SUB>, which demonstrates an impressive 3.23 fold enhancement by the combined plasmonic effects, and it further increases to 1.97 mA/cm<SUP>2</SUP> after depositing FeOOH catalyst. The strategy paves a way for other semiconductors and thin-film optoelectronic devices to improve their performance.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Nanopatterned Au/BiVO<SUB>4</SUB>/WO<SUB>3</SUB>/Au is designed for the plasmon-enhanced PEC water splitting. </LI> <LI> Au/BiVO<SUB>4</SUB>/WO<SUB>3</SUB>/Au can concentrate the light energy and promote the charge seperation. </LI> <LI> Au/BiVO<SUB>4</SUB>/WO<SUB>3</SUB>/Au shows greatly higher current and negative shift of the onset potential. </LI> <LI> It provides a novel strategy for the design of thin-film optoelectronic systems. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Multichannel Charge Transport of a BiVO₄/(RGO/WO₃)/W₁₈O₄₉ Three-Storey Anode for Greatly Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Efficiency

Zhang, Zhuo,Chen, Bin,Baek, Minki,Yong, Kijung American Chemical Society 2018 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.10 No.7

<P>Photoelectrochemical (PEC) solar conversion is a green strategy for addressing the energy crisis. In this study, a three-storey nanostructure BiVO4/(RGO/WO3)/W18O49 was fabricated as a PEC photoanode and demonstrated a highly enhanced PEC efficiency. The top and middle storeys are a reduced graphene oxide (RGO) layer and WO3 nanorods (NRs) decorated with BiVO4 nanoparticles (NPs), respectively. The bottom storey is the W18O49 film grown on a pure W substrate. In this novel design, experiments and modeling together demonstrated that the RGO layer and WO3 NRs with a fast carrier mobility can serve as multichannel pathways, sharing and facilitating electron transport from the BiVO4 NPs to the W18O49 film. The high conductivity of W18O49 can further enhance the charge transfer and retard electron-hole recombination, leading to a highly improved PEC efficiency of the BiVO4/WO3 heterojunction. As a result, the as-fabricated three-storey photoanode covered with FeOOH/NiOOH achieves an attractive PEC photocurrent density of 4.66 mA/cm(2) at 1.5 V versus Ag/AgCl, which illustrates the promising potential of the three-storey hetero-nanostructure in future photoconversion applications.</P>