Is an Exercise Intervention the only way to Reduce Visceral Fat without Reducing Fat-free Mass in Children and Adolescents?

Takashi Abe(Takashi Abe ),Jeremy P. Loenneke(Jeremy P. Loenneke ) 사피엔시아 2021 Exercise Medicine Vol.5 No.-

Objectives: To maintain proper development, it is recommended that children/adolescents focus more on increasing physical activity than dietary restriction when treating obesity. In other words, adults are better able to tolerate the reductions in fat-free body mass that often occur when trying to lose fat mass. In contrast, children and adolescents should avoid losses in fat-free mass in order to ensure proper development. Therefore, when trying to reduce visceral fat in children via a negative energy balance (i.e., exercise with or without calorie restriction), it is necessary to set desirable conditions in order to minimize the loss of fat-free mass. To determine whether this is possible, we reviewed literature discussing the relationship between changes in visceral fat obtained by abdominal imaging and changes in total body fat and fat-free mass after exercise training with and without calorie restriction in children and adolescents. Methods: Literature review. Results and Conclusions: Previous work found no reduction in fat-free mass in the exercise interventions in which there was no dietary-induced calorie restriction. This supports the idea that reducing visceral fat by increasing physical activity is the preferred strategy over dietary restriction in children and adolescents. Although factors such as the type (e.g. aerobic and/or resistance) of exercise and the amount (i.e. energy expenditure) of exercise will likely have an effect on the magnitude of change in intra-abdominal visceral fat, the quantity of each that is needed without reducing fat-free mass is currently unknown.

함치성 낭종으로부터 유래된 원발성 골내성 편평세포암종

Takashi Muramatsu,Sadamitsu Hashimoto,Takashi Inoue,Takahiko Shibahara,김진,Masaki Shimono 대한구강악안면병리학회 2011 대한구강악안면병리학회지 Vol.35 No.5

A rare case of primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma(PISCC) arising from lining epithelium of a dentigerous cyst is described. The case occurred at the left mandibular 3rd molar region in a 56-year-old Japanese woman. Clinical observation revealed cyst formation with an impacted 3rd molar, a common finding in dentigerous cyst, in the left mandible. Histopathologically, the lining epithelium of the cyst demonstrated transition from epithelial dysplasia to invasive squamous cell carcinoma(SCC). This case was diagnosed as PISCC arising from lining epithelium of a dentigerous cyst.

Ergonomic Approaches to Content Creation for 3D Displays

Kawai, Takashi,Kishi, Shinsuke,Kim, Sang-Hyun,Yamazoe, Takashi,Shibata, Takashi,Inoue, Tetsuri,Sakaguchi, Yusuke,Okabe, Kazushige,Yasuhiro, Kuno The Korean Infomation Display Society 2007 Journal of information display Vol.8 No.1

This paper presents ergonomic approaches to editing and evaluating content for 3D displays. Two systems, a nonlinear editing system and an evaluation system, were developed to improve viewing safety and comfort for 3D content observers and provide better usability for the creators from the viewpoint of ergonomics.

Transbronchial Lung Cryobiopsy : single institutional report in Japan

( Takashi Niwa ),( Tomohisa Baba ),( Tamiko Takemura ),( Kenta Murotani ),( Takashi Ogura ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2019 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.127 No.-

Background: In out institution Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) was introduced at May, 2017. Now we experienced TBLC for 500 and more patients. We summarize here our experience.Method: All patients who performed TBLC from May 2017 to December 2018 at Kanagawa cardiovascular and respiratory center were enrolled in this study. We assessed safety profiles and diagnostic yield for all patients and calculated CUSUM score to analyze the learning curve of TBLC for patients in first half year. For the patients with peripheral lesion TBLC was performed under fluoroscopy with Fogarty® occlusion catheter to manage pneumothorax and bleeding. Results: Of 512 cases, diffuse parenchymal lung disease was 492 and lung cancer was 20 cases. Incidence of pneumothorax was 3.9% (20 cases) and there were no patient of pneumothorax to need surgical operation. All bleeding was managed by occlusion catheter. Acute exacerbation was observed in one case. During a half year in 174 cases incidence of pneumothorax changed at 79th experience and bleeding incidence changed at 69th experience. For patients with peripheral small lesion we use extra-large size (2.7mm) guide sheath (Machida® SG-27092) to do Endobronchial ultrasound guided cryobiopsy (EBUS-Cryo). EBUS-Cryo with extra-large GS were performed for 13 patients. Median target size in computed tomography was 25mm (12-43mm) and diagnostic yield was 84.6%. In case with positive echo result by radial echo (within or adjacent to) diagnostic yield was 100% and invisible cases could not diagnose. Discussion: In our study incidence of TBLC was low compared to previous report. This results revealed fluoroscopy guided TBLC with balloon occlusion method is well tolerable. And Extra-large size GS enable us EBUS-Cryo conveniently even if using 1.9 mm cryoprobe. Using larger probe in EBUS-Cryo seems to be better diagnostic yield and 2.7mm GS is promising. Conclusion: TBLC and EBUS-Cryo using extra-large size GS is useful. Further investigation is warranted.

Novel Clean End-to-End Anastomosis Method, Without Opening the Stomach Lumen, in Totally Laparoscopic or Robotic Pylorus-Preserving Gastrectomy

Takashi Mitsui,Kazuyuki Saito,Yuhei Hakozaki,Yoshiyuki Miwa,Takuji Noro,Emiko Takeshita,Taizen Urahashi,Yasuyuki Seto,Takashi Okuyama,Hideyuki Yoshitomi 대한위암학회 2023 Journal of gastric cancer Vol.23 No.4

Purpose: Intra-abdominal infection is a common postoperative complication of laparoscopic pylorus-preserving gastrectomies (PPGs). Many studies have reported that intra-abdominal infectious complications after gastrectomy adversely affect patient survival outcomes. To prevent gastric fluid leakage into the abdominal cavity, we developed a novel anastomosis method in which the stomach lumen is not opened (termed the non-opened clean end-to-end anastomosis method [NoCEAM]) and evaluated its feasibility. Materials and Methods: Subsequent to lymphadenectomy, the oral and anal resection lines were sutured using an intraoperative endoscope. After closing the stomach circumferentially with clips, the specimen was rolled outward like a “donut.” We resected the specimen circumferentially using a linear stapler, and anastomosis was completed simultaneously. We examined the feasibility of this procedure ex vivo, using three porcine stomachs, and in vivo, using one pig. Subsequently, we applied the procedure to 13 consecutive patients with middle-third early gastric cancer utilizing laparotomic, laparoscopic, and robotic PPG. Results: NoCEAM was completed in all porcine models and human cases. In the human cases, the mean operation time (±standard deviation) was 279±51 minutes, and mean blood loss volume was 22±45 mL. The mean number of linear staples used was 5.06±0.76. None of the patients had complications, and all were discharged on the eighth postoperative. The serum total protein, serum albumin, and hemoglobin levels did not change significantly after surgery. Conclusions: NoCEAM is feasible and safe for performing totally laparoscopic or robotic PPG. It may reduce postoperative complications, such as intra-abdominal infections.

Development of Monorail-type Mobile Robot for Field Environment and Plant Status Monitoring

( Takashi Okayasu ),( Daisaku Arita ),( Takashi Yoshinaga ),( Rin-ichiro Taniguchi Eiji Inoue ),( Yasumar Hirai ),( Muneshi Mitsuoka ) 한국농업기계학회 2018 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.23 No.1

Field environmental and plant growth status monitoring is very important task to establish smart agriculture. Field monitoring device is usually installed only into the representative location in the field because of the management cost and complexity. Thus, their spatial distribution and time variation are not well grasped in actual cultivation. On the other hand, comprehensive analysis on the spatiotemporal field environmental and plant growth information is required in phenotyping researches. Various high-throughput plant phenotyping systems have been studied well and developed mainly in Europe and the US countries up to present. However, their systems are very expensive. Development of the low-price system is also required to create new cultivar and advanced agricultural production system. In this study, a monorail-type mobile robot for collecting field environment and plant status information was developed by using affordable devices such as a card-size microcomputer, sensors, and camera. Many of the robot frames were printed by 3D printer. The robot is driven by using two servo motors. The performance was verified by several conditions and then the spatiotemporal data measured was also evaluated.

Effects of Histamine-2 Receptor Antagonists and Proton Pump Inhibitors on the Rate of Gastric Emptying: A Crossover Study Using a Continuous Real-Time 13C Breath Test (BreathID System)

( Takashi Nonaka ),( Takaomi Kessoku ),( Yuji Ogawa ),( Kento Imajyo ),( Shogo Yanagisawa ),( Tadahiko Shiba ),( Takashi Sakaguchi ),( Kazuhiro Atsukawa ),( Hisao Takahashi ),( Yusuke Sekino ),( Eiji 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2011 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.17 No.3

Background/Aims The effects of Histamine-2 receptor antagonists and proton pump inhibitors on the gastrointestinal motility have not yet been sufficiently investigated. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of intravenous bolus administration of famotidine and omeprazole on the rate of gastric emptying using the continuous 13C breath test (BreathID system, Exalenz Bioscience Ltd, Israel). Methods Twelve healthy male volunteers participated in this randomized, 3-way crossover study. After fasting overnight, the subjects were randomly assigned to receive 20 mg of famotidine, 20 mg of omeprazole or 20 mL of saline alone by intravenous bolus injection before a test meal (200 kcal per 200 mL, containing 100 mg of 13C-acetate). Gastric emptying was monitored for 4 hours after the ingestion of test meal by the 13C-acetic acid breath test performed using the BreathID system. Results No significant differences in the calculated parameters, namely, the T1/2, Tlag, GEC, β and κ, were observed among the 3 test conditions. Conclusions The study revealed that intravenous administration of gastric acid suppressant drugs had no significant influence on the rate of gastric emptying in comparison with that of saline alone as a placebo. Our results indicating the absence of any effect of either famotidine or omeprazole on accelerating the rate of gastric emptying suggest that both medications can be administered safely to patients suffering from hemorrhagic peptic ulcers who need to be kept nil by mouth from the viewpoint of possible acceleration of gastrointestinal motility in the clinical setting.

Fabrication of Slot-Antenna-Coupled BSCCO Intrinsic Josephson Junctions

Takashi Uchida,Noboru Kawai,Takashi Tachiki 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.48 No.5I

Coupling intrinsic Josephson junctions with a thin-.lm antenna is an eective method for realizing sensitive detectors and high-power oscillators in the millimeter- and submillimeter- wavelength regions. We investigated using a slot antenna as a thin-.lm antenna and fabricated slot-antenna-coupled Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x intrinsic Josephson junctions for 100 GHz millimeter waves. The antenna structure was designed for coupling the antenna ground plane with intrinsic Josephson junctions of a four-terminal con.guration. The ground plane of the antenna also acts as an electrode. Therefore, the ground plane was divided into four electrodes by making four DC cuts and extended electrodes were used to connect the electrodes to intrinsic Josephson junctions. Then, slot-antenna-coupled intrinsic Josephson junctions were fabricated on MgO substrates. The antenna ground plane consisted of a Au .lm. The current-voltage characteristics of the intrinsic Josephson junctions exhibited resistive branches with the critical current of about 1.5 mA at 20 K. Operation of the antenna was con.rmed on the basis of the dierence of 7.8 dB in the irradiation power when the critical current started to be suppressed between the cases with the incident electric .eld respectively parallel and perpendicular to the E-plane of the antenna.

The Effects of MRI on Mouse Embryos During Fetal Stage

Takashi Nakamura,Myung-Sun Ryu,Takahiko Sakazaki,Yuka Itokawa,Toshihiromenaka,Takashi Masubuchi,Hiroyuki Sekimoto,Masayuki Kanehara,Young-Nam Kang,Yeun-Hwa Gu 대한방사선방어학회 2006 방사선방어학회지 Vol.31 No.2

Stabilization of Uncertain Equilibrium Points by Dynamic State-Derivative Feedback Control

Takashi Shigekuni,Takashi Takimoto 제어로봇시스템학회 2013 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2013 No.10

We consider a local stabilization problem of an uncertain equilibrium point existed in a nonlinear continuoustime system by a state-derivative feedback controller. In previous researches, it is investigated that the uncertainty of the equilibrium point results in nonzero steady-state control input so that a different equilibrium point is stabilized. Then, a feedback controllers with steady-state blocking zeros eliminate the dependence on the steady-state. In this paper, we focus on the class of state-derivative feedback control, and develop a design method for a dynamic state-derivative feedback controller with steady-state blocking zeros. The proposed controller can reject the dependence on the uncertainty of equilibrium points. Moreover, we illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control method by the numerical example which is the stabilization problem of the uncertain equilibrium point. In addition, we show that the poles of the closed-loop system with the proposed dynamic controller can be assigned at the desired locations.