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Shinji Takahashi,Hiroyuki Inose,Koji Tamai,Masayoshi Iwamae,Hidetomi Terai,Hiroaki Nakamura 대한척추신경외과학회 2023 Neurospine Vol.20 No.3
Osteoporotic vertebral fractures (OVFs) can hinder physical motor function, daily activities, and the quality of life in elderly patients when treated conservatively. Vertebral augmentation, which includes vertebroplasty and balloon kyphoplasty, is a commonly used procedure for OVFs. However, there have been reports of complications. Although serious complications are rare, there have been instances of adjacent vertebral fractures, cement dislocation, and insufficient pain relief due to cement failure, sometimes necessitating revision surgery. This narrative review discusses the common risks associated with vertebral augmentation for OVFs, such as cement leakage and adjacent vertebral fractures, and highlights the risk of revision surgery. The pooled incidence of revision surgery was 0.04 (0.02– 0.06). The risks for revision are reported as follows: female sex, advanced age, diabetes mellitus, cerebrovascular disease, dementia, blindness or low vision, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, split type fracture, large angular motion, and large endplate deficit. Various treatment strategies exist for OVFs, but they remain a subject of controversy. Current literature underscores the lack of substantial evidence to guide treatment strategies based on the risks of vertebral augmentation. In cases with a high risk of failure, other surgeries and conservative treatments should also be considered as treatment options.
An estimation method for 2-port S-parameters using 4-port connection circuit with leakage couplings
Shinji Ohno,Toshikazu Sekine,Yasuhiro Takahashi 대한전자공학회 2015 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2015 No.6
An estimation method for S-parameters of 2-port circuit by using connection circuits with leakage couplings is presented. In our method, two ports of 4- port connection circuit are terminated with unknown 2- port circuit or known loads. And the S-parameters between remaining two ports are measured. Advantages of our method is that the S-parameters of 2-port circuit are to be estimated only by solving the linear least squares problem. Our method can be applied to determine the S-parameters of the circuit with a difficult port to connect the probe of the instrument as the IC package and to determine the S-parameters of the circuit ground is not common.
Characterization of Mucoid and Non-Mucoid Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolated From Outpatients
Shinji Ogihara,Ryoichi Saito,Teru Akikura,Akiko Iwama,Yukari Adachi,Daiki Kaji,Kyoka Kakinuma,Hiroshi Takahashi 대한진단검사의학회 2015 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.35 No.4
Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae causes pneumonia, sepsis, and meningitis. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of mucoid and non-mucoid isolates of S. pneumoniae, and to explore the relationship between the isolate phenotypes and their antibiotic susceptibility. Methods: Clinical isolates from 3,453 non-repetitive S. pneumoniae (189 mucoid and 3,264 non-mucoid) infections obtained between January 2008 and December 2012 from outpatients at the Kimitsu-Central Hospital were evaluated. Results: Compared to the non-mucoid isolates, the mucoid phenotypes were more susceptible to certain antibiotics such as erythromycin, clarithromycin, and tetracycline as opposed to clindamycin, chloramphenicol, and rifampicin. The mucoid phenotype was isolated more frequently from schoolchildren, adults, and elderly adults in a variety of clinical sites, including otorrhea, genitalia, pus, and eye discharge than the non-mucoid phenotype. This suggested that mucoid isolates are more likely to be involved than non-mucoid isolates in various local infections. Systemic infection, which indicates invasiveness, was not associated with the mucoid or non-mucoid phenotype. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that mucoid isolates tend to have higher susceptibility than non-mucoid isolates to antibiotics. To the best of our knowledge, mucoid and non-mucoid S. pneumoniae isolates considerably differ in terms of clinical isolation site and age-specific prevalence.
Personality Characteristics Relating to Individual Consistency of Color Preference
Shinji Nakamura,Shin’ya Takahashi 한국색채학회 2017 AIC 2017 Jeju Vol.2017 No.10
Relationship between participants’ personality characteristics and their intrapersonal consistency (or stability) of expressed color preference was investigated. Color preference was measured by making the participants rank 12 fundamental colors, and tested twice with four weeks interval. Consistency of color preference was individually obtained by calculating rank correlation between the two tests. General personality traits and public and private self-consciousness were also measured in the first test, using Ten Item Personality Inventory and Self-Consciousness Scale. Results showed that consistency of individual color preference was quite high, and suggested that color preference is somewhat robust against a certain range of time interval. The results showed significant correlations between the stability of color preference and the scores of the self-consciousness questionnaire, though there was an intersexual difference. In the male participants, a positive correlation was confirmed with the public self-consciousness, whereas a negative correlation was obtained with the private self-consciousness in the female participants. The results of the current survey suggested that high consciousness against a self which was monitored by other persons, not an inner self monitored by oneself, made the participants’ expressed color preference more stable and consistent.
Shinji Tanishima,Tokumitsu Mihara,Atsushi Tanida,Chikako Takeda,Masaaki Murata,Toshiaki Takahashi,Koji Yamane,Tsugutake Morishita,Yasuo Morio,Hiroyuki Ishii,Satoru Fukata,Yoshiro Nanjo,Yuki Hamamoto,T 대한척추외과학회 2019 Asian Spine Journal Vol.13 No.3
Study Design: Multicenter, prospective study. Purpose: To investigate the effects of diabetes mellitus (DM) on surgical outcomes in patients with cervical myelopathy. Overview of Literature: To date, few studies have investigated the influence of postoperative blood glucose or glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels on surgical outcomes. Methods: The participants were patients who underwent surgery for the treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy and ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament. The 61 cases were evaluated preoperatively and 1 year postoperatively using the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores and the JOA Cervical Myelopathy Evaluation Questionnaire (JOACMEQ). The study variables included fasting blood glucose and HbA1c levels measured preoperatively and at 1 week, 4 weeks, and 1 year postoperatively; the F-wave conduction velocity, latency, rate of occurrence, and M-wave latency in the ulnar and tibial nerves were measured preoperatively and at 1 year postoperatively. The patients were divided into a group without diabetes (N group, 42 patients) and a group with diabetes (DM group, 19 patients). We then assessed the associations between the surgical outcomes and each of the study variables. Results: JOA scores significantly improved in both groups; however, no significant between-group differences were found. There was no significant improvement in the JOACMEQ scores, which assessed cervical function, upper and lower limb function, and bladder function in both groups. We then subdivided the DM group into those with a good control of HbA1c after 1 year (DMG group, 12 patients) and those with HbA1c deterioration after 1 year (DMB group, seven patients), prior to comparing the surgical outcomes. The JOACMEQ scores for upper and lower limb function significantly improved in the DMG group (p<0.01). Compared with the DMB group, there were no significant increases in upper or lower limb function scores in the DMG group. Conclusions: Poor glycemic control might prevent postoperative functional recovery of the spinal cord.
Sawada Yuta,Takahashi Shinji,Terai Hidetomi,Kato Minori,Toyoda Hiromitsu,Suzuki Akinobu,Tamai Koji,Yabu Akito,Iwamae Masayoshi,Nakamura Hiroaki 대한척추외과학회 2024 Asian Spine Journal Vol.18 No.1
Study Design: Level 3 retrospective cohort case-control study.Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the risk factors for distal junctional kyphosis (DJK) caused by osteoporotic vertebral fractures following spinal reconstruction surgery, with a focus on the sagittal stable vertebra.Overview of Literature: Despite the rarity of reports on DJK in this setting, DJK was reported to reduce when the lower instrumented vertebra (LIV) was extended to the sagittal stable vertebra in the posterior corrective fixation for Scheuermann’s disease.Methods: This study included 46 patients who underwent spinal reconstruction surgery for thoracolumbar osteoporotic vertebral fractures and kyphosis and were followed up for 1 year postoperatively. DJK was defined as an advanced kyphosis angle >10° between the LIV and one lower vertebra. The patients were divided into groups with and without DJK. The risk factors of the two groups, such as patient background, surgery-related factors, radiographic parameters, and clinical outcomes, were analyzed.Results: The DJK and non-DJK groups included 14 and 32 patients, respectively, without significant differences in patient background. Those with instability in the distal adjacent LIV disc had a significantly higher risk of DJK occurrence (28.6% vs. 3.2%, <i>p</i>=0.027). DJK occurrence significantly increased in those with the sagittal stable vertebra not included in the fixation range (57.1% vs. 18.8%, <i>p</i>=0.020). Other preoperative radiographic parameters were not significantly different. Instability in the distal adjacent LIV disc (adjusted odds ratio, 14.50; <i>p</i>=0.029) and the exclusion of the sagittal stable vertebra from the fixation range (adjusted odds ratio, 5.29; <i>p</i>=0.020) were significant risk factors for DJK occurrence.Conclusions: Regarding spinal reconstruction surgery in patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures, instability in the distal adjacent LIV disc and the exclusion of the sagittal stable vertebra from the fixation range were risk factors for DJK occurrence in the short term.