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The mechanism of enhanced photocatalytic activity of SnO2 through fullerene modification
Shuang-Shuang Ding,Wei-Qing Huang,Bing-Xin Zhou,Ping Peng,Wangyu Hu,Meng-Qiu Long,Gui-Fang Huang 한국물리학회 2017 Current Applied Physics Vol.17 No.11
Carbon nanomaterials are prominent building blocks in the synthetic van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures with desired properties. Scientific understanding of their interfacial interactions is the premise to design this kind of vdW heterostructures with optimal performance.We here study the mechanism of enhanced photocatalytic activity of SnO2 by fullerene modification at electronic level, to explore the interfacial interaction and its correlation with photocatalytic activity. The results show that the interfacial interaction increases with the number of C atom of fullerene, and leads to some of C atoms be positively/ negatively charged, making the fullerene a highly active co-catalyst in heterostructures. Compared to pristine SnO2, the band gap of the heterostructures is much smaller, leading to their absorption wavelength extending the entire visible region. Interestingly, a staggered type-II band alignment in the C20 (C60)/SnO2 (101) heterostructures results into the robust separation of photoexcited charge carriers between the two constituents, indicating that the fullerene is an effective sensitizer, and thus enhanced photocatalytic activity. These findings can rationalize the available experiment and will be of broad interest in developing the highly efficient semiconductor photocatalysts via fullerene modification.
Shuang Zhou,Zhiying Xu,Bingyi Yang,Jun Guan,Weiwei Shan,Yue Shi,Xiaojun Chen 대한부인종양학회 2021 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.32 No.4
Objective: This study investigated the characteristics of progestin-insensitive endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC) and atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH) patients receiving fertility-sparing treatments and assessed the therapeutic effects of second-line fertility- preserving treatments. Methods: Three hundred and thirty-eight patients with EEC (n=75) or AEH (n=263) receiving fertility-preserving treatment were retrospectively analyzed. ‘Progestin-insensitive’ was defined as meeting one of the following criteria: 1) presented with progressed disease at any time during conservative treatment, 2) remained with stable disease after 7 months of treatment, and/or 3) did not achieve complete response (CR) after 10 months of treatment. Clinical characteristics and treatment results of progestin-insensitive patients receiving second-line treatment and those of progestin-sensitive patients were compared. Results: Eight-two patients (59 AEH and 23 EEC) were defined as progestin-insensitive and 256 as progestin-sensitive. In multivariate analysis, body mass index ≥28.0 kg/m2 (odds ratio [OR]=1.898) and lesion size >2 cm (OR=2.077) were independent predictors of progestin- insensitive status. Compared to AEH patients, progestin-insensitive EEC patients had poorer second-line treatment responses (28-week cumulative CR rate after changing second-line treatment, 56.3% vs. 85.4%, p=0.011). No statistical difference was found in CR rate among different second-line treatments. Conclusion: Obesity and larger lesion size were independent risk factors associatedwith progestin-insensitive status. In progestin-insensitive patients receiving second-line treatment, EEC patients had lower CR rate comparing with AEH patients. Further study with larger sample size is needed to evaluate efficacy of different second-line treatments for progestin insensitive patients.
Zhou Jian-lin,Fang Hong-song,Peng Hao,Deng Shuang,Chen Shen,Li Jian-ping,Qiu Bo,Weng Jin-qing,Liu Feng 연세대학교의과대학 2016 Yonsei medical journal Vol.57 No.3
Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of hypoxia-inducible factor-2 (HIF-2α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) with radiographic severity in primary osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. Expression of these two factors in cartilagesamples from OA knee joints was examined at mRNA and protein levels. Materials and Methods: Knee joints were examined using plain radiographs, and OA severity was assessed using the Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) grading system. Specimens were collected from 29 patients (31 knees) who underwent total knee replacementbecause of severe medial OA of the knee (KL grades 3 and 4), 16 patients who underwent knee arthroscopy (KL grade 2), and 5 patients with traumatic knees (KL grade 0). HIF-2α and VEGF expression was quantified by real-time polymerase chain reactionand western blotting. Results: Cartilage degeneration correlated with the radiographic severity grade. OA severity, determined using the Mankin scale, correlated positively with the KL grade (r=0.8790, p<0.01), and HIF-2α and VEGF levels with the radiographic severity of knee OA (r=0.7001, p<0.05; r=0.6647, p<0.05). Conclusion: In OA cartilage, HIF-2α and VEGF mRNA and protein levels were significantly and positively correlated. The expressionof both factors correlated positively with the KL grade. HIF-2α and VEGF, therefore, may serve as biochemical markers as well as potential therapeutic targets in knee OA.
Speed-varying path tracking based on model predictive control for autonomous vehicles
Shuang Tang,Jun Li,Wei Zhou 한국자동차공학회 2024 International journal of automotive technology Vol.25 No.2
In order to improve autonomous vehicles path-tracking accuracy and stability, a lateral–longitudinal coordination pathtrackingcontrol method is proposed. The proposed coordination control consists of path-tracking control and speed trackingcontrol. First, the desired safety speed is planned according to the known road curvature and adhesion coeffi cient in orderto prevent the tire force saturation. Based on the three-degree-of-freedom (3DOF) vehicle dynamic model and the previewtracking error model, model predictive control (MPC) theory is adopted to design the speed-varying vehicle path-trackingcontroller. Then, the quadratic programming (QP) method is used to solve the objective function with constraints, whichcalculates the steering angle to control the vehicle track the reference path. In addition, a PID speed controller is designed tocalculate the torque of each wheel to track the desired speed. Finally, according to the yaw rate error and the vehicle slip angleerror, a yaw moment stability controller based on the fuzzy logic control theory is designed to balance the vehicle stabilityand motility. The simulation results based on a Matlab/Carsim platform show that the coordination path-tracking controlmethod proposed in this paper can eff ectively improve the vehicle tracking accuracy and the stability on diff erent roads.
Zhou, Lei,Yang, Yuan-Yuan,Li, Zhong-Hao,Kong, Li-Juan,Xing, Guan-Dong,Di, He-Shuang,Wang, Gen-Lin Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2006 Animal Bioscience Vol.19 No.10
A total of 80 cows, including 40 top mastitis resistant and 40 top mastitis susceptible animals as Group I and Group II, were selected from a population of 520 cows based on clinical mastitis occurrence. PCR-SSCP analysis on four fragments within the 5'region and two fragments of Exons 4,15 of bovine lactoferrin (bLF) revealed that four fragments-P1,P4,E4,E15-had polymorphisms which totally included six base mutations, and only two of them had significant differences in allele frequencies between resistant and susceptible groups, P1 (53.7% vs. 70.0%, p<0.05) and P4 (55.0% vs. 68.8%, p<0.05). Further study on these two promising markers combined with the milk performance traits of cows demonstrated that their selection would result in higher fat percentage (p<0.05), lower Somatic Cell Score (SCS) (p<0.05) and Clinical Mastitis Residuals (CMR) (p<0.01) indicating higher mastitis resistance and lower milk yield (p<0.05). The putative transcription factor binding sites in the 5'region were also studied by using MatInspector 7.2.2 software, and two signal pathways regulating the expression of bLF including the NF-${\kappa}B$ pathway and nuclear hormone receptor pathway were predicted.
Shuang Liang,Zhiyuan Bao,Bohao Zhao,Tong Zhou,Jiali Li,Ming Liu,Shuaishuai Hu,Naisu Yang,Yang Chen,Xinsheng Wu 한국유전학회 2020 Genes & Genomics Vol.42 No.11
Background Keratin-associated protein (KAP), the structural protein molecule of hair fibers, plays a key role in determiningthe physical properties of hair. Studies of Krtap11-1 have focused only on its localization. Functional studies of Krtap11-1in hair follicle development have so far not been reported. Objective This study aimed to provide evidence for the role of Krtap11-1 in skin and hair development. Methods Full-length cloning and analysis of Krtap11-1 were conducted to ascertain its function. Overexpression vectors andinterference sequences were constructed and transfected into RAB-9 cells. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR) was used to investigate the hair follicle developmental stage of Krtap11-1, the expression of different tissues,and the effects on other hair follicle development-related genes. Results The full length of cloned Krtap11-1 was 947 bp. Krtap11-1 was confirmed to be a hydrophilic protein localizedmostly in mitochondria. The greatest mRNA expression was observed in skin. Using a follicle synchronization model, itwas found that Krtap11-1 mRNA expression levels first increased then decreased over the passage of time, principally duringhair follicle catagen and telogen. Following the overexpression of Krtap11-1, mRNA expression levels of the WNT-2,KRT17, BMP-2, and TGF-β-1 genes increased, and LEF-1 decreased (P < 0.05), the converse after the corresponding useof si-RNA interference. Conclusions Krtap11-1 exerts a promoting effect. The results provide novel insight into the relationship between hair follicledevelopment and Krtap11-1 gene expression.
Shuang Liu,Chunmei Duan,Wuneng Zhou 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2023 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.21 No.9
This paper deals with the stochastic stability problem of the closed-loop system under deception attacks based on an adaptive event-triggering scheme (AETS) with saturation constraint. Some novel stability criteria related to networked control systems under deception attacks are devised by taking the fixed threshold which is difficult to adapt to changeable systems into account. An adaptive event-triggering scheme with saturation constraint involving a threshold variable with system states is proposed to reduce network load, and the desired controller gain matrix is obtained by employing the linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) technique. Moreover, the LyapunovKrasovskii method is used to obtain sufficient conditions for ensuring the stability of the system. In the end, the simulation results are shown to indicate the validity of the proposed method.