Melatonin Enhances the Developmental Competence of Porcine Embryos derived from Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer by Preventing DNA Damage Induced by Oxidative Stress

Shuang Liang,Nam-Hyung Kim 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2017 Reproductive & Developmental Biology(Supplement) Vol.41 No.2

Melatonin has antioxidant and scavenger effects in the cellular antioxidant system. It acts by protecting cells from oxidative injury via superoxide-free radicals and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Recent studies have shown that treatment with melatonin improves somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryo development and increases the success of somatic cell reprogramming. However, the mechanisms for this remain unclear. This research investigated the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of action for melatonin in porcine SCNT embryos under oxidative stress. The results suggested that the developmental competence of porcine SCNT embryos was significantly enhanced after melatonin treatment. In addition, melatonin attenuated the H2O2-induced increase in reactive oxygen species levels, decrease in glutathione levels, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Importantly, melatonin also inhibited phospho-histone γH2A.X expression and comet tail formation, suggesting that it prevents H2O2-induced DNA damage. Meanwhile, the expression of genes involved in homologous recombination (MRE11a, BRAC1, and RAD51) and non-homologous end-joining (PRKDC, XRCC6, and TP53BP1) pathways for the repair of double-stranded breaks was reduced upon melatonin treatment in porcine SCNT embryos on day 5 of development under H2O2-induced oxidative stress. Taken together, these results indicated that melatonin promotes porcine SCNT embryo development by preventing oxidative stress-induced DNA damage via quenching of free radical formation. Our results reveal a previously unrecognized regulatory effect of melatonin in response to oxidative stress and DNA damage. This provides a novel mechanism for the improvements in SCNT embryo development that were reported to be associated with exposure to this hormone.

Characterization and functional analysis of Krtap11-1 during hair follicle development in Angora rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Shuang Liang,Zhiyuan Bao,Bohao Zhao,Tong Zhou,Jiali Li,Ming Liu,Shuaishuai Hu,Naisu Yang,Yang Chen,Xinsheng Wu 한국유전학회 2020 Genes & Genomics Vol.42 No.11

Background Keratin-associated protein (KAP), the structural protein molecule of hair fibers, plays a key role in determiningthe physical properties of hair. Studies of Krtap11-1 have focused only on its localization. Functional studies of Krtap11-1in hair follicle development have so far not been reported. Objective This study aimed to provide evidence for the role of Krtap11-1 in skin and hair development. Methods Full-length cloning and analysis of Krtap11-1 were conducted to ascertain its function. Overexpression vectors andinterference sequences were constructed and transfected into RAB-9 cells. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR) was used to investigate the hair follicle developmental stage of Krtap11-1, the expression of different tissues,and the effects on other hair follicle development-related genes. Results The full length of cloned Krtap11-1 was 947 bp. Krtap11-1 was confirmed to be a hydrophilic protein localizedmostly in mitochondria. The greatest mRNA expression was observed in skin. Using a follicle synchronization model, itwas found that Krtap11-1 mRNA expression levels first increased then decreased over the passage of time, principally duringhair follicle catagen and telogen. Following the overexpression of Krtap11-1, mRNA expression levels of the WNT-2,KRT17, BMP-2, and TGF-β-1 genes increased, and LEF-1 decreased (P < 0.05), the converse after the corresponding useof si-RNA interference. Conclusions Krtap11-1 exerts a promoting effect. The results provide novel insight into the relationship between hair follicledevelopment and Krtap11-1 gene expression.

C-Phycocyanin Supplementation during In Vitro Maturation Enhances Pre-Implantation Developmental Competence of Parthenogenetic and Cloned Embryos in Pigs

Shuang Liang,Jing Guo,Yong Xun Jin,Bao Yuan,Jia-Bao Zhang,Nam-Hyung Kim 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2017 발생공학 국제심포지엄 및 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.10

C-Phycocyanin (C-PC), a protein from green microalgae, has been suggested to possess various biological activities, including antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties. The aim of the current study was to explore the effects of C-PC on the maturation of porcine oocytes and subsequent developmental competence after parthenogenetic activation and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) as well as the underlying mechanisms. There was no significant improvement in nuclear maturation rates between the control and C-PC supplementation groups (1, 3, 5, 10 μg/mL). However, supplementation of 5 μg/mL C-PC in the maturation medium significantly increased blastocyst formation and hatching rates after parthenogenetic activation (59.6±3.6% and 33.0±2.6% vs. 49.8±3.5% and 27.4±2.4%, respectively). In addition, the presence of CPC during the maturation period significantly improved blastocyst formation rates and total cell numbers after SCNT (24.8±1.9% and 42.2±3.3 vs. 21.6±2.2% and 39.5±3.4, respectively) compared to the control group. Furthermore, cellular proliferation and the expression of pluripotency-related genes (SOX2 and NANOG) were increased in cloned blastocysts derived from the C-PC supplemented group. Importantly, C-PC supplementation during maturation not only improved cumulus expansion and increased the expression of cumulus expansion-related genes (HAS2, PTX3, and PTGS2), but also enhanced antioxidant capacity, improved mitochondria function, and decreased cathepsin B activity in porcine oocytes. These results demonstrate that C-PC may be useful for improving porcine oocyte quality and subsequent developmental competence in embryos.

Polo-like Kinase 4 Regulates Spindle and Actin Assembly during Oocyte Maturation and Influences Early Embryo Development in the Bovine

Shuang Liang,Ming-Hui Zhao,Jing Guo,Jeong-Woo Choi,Nam-Hyung Kim 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2015 발생공학 국제심포지엄 및 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.10

The Role of Melatonin on Mammalian Early Embryonic Development In Vitro

Shuang Liang · Xiang-Shun Cui 충북대학교 동물생명과학연구소 2016 동물생명과학연구 Vol.8 No.-

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Down-Regulation of PP2A-B55α Impairs Mouse Preimplantation Embryo Development

Shuang Liang,Nam-Hyung Kim,Xiang-Shun Cui 한국수정란이식학회 2016 한국수정란이식학회 학술대회 Vol.2016 No.10

PP2A-B55α, a regulatory subunit of PP2A plays an important roles in regulating cell proliferation and survival. However, the functions for PP2A-B55α in mouse early embryo development is not clear. The objective of present were to investigate the expression patterns and to explore its biological function during mouse early development. Thetranscripts of PP2A-B55α were detected at all developmental stages in mouse embryo and decreased during embryo development. Immunostaining revealed that PP2A-B55α was present in both the nucleus and cytoplasm in early cleavage stage embryos. In the late embryonic development, PP2A-B55α was predominantly located in the cytoplasm. Knockdown (KD) of PP2A-B55α using double strand RNA not affect the proportion of cleaved embryos, but resulted in significantly decreased development to blastocyst stage and reduced total cell number in blastocyst. KD PP2A-B55α is able to induce sustained DNA damage and reduced the transcripts of non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) or homologous recombination (HR) pathways relative genes in mouse early embryo. KD PP2A-B55αcaused apoptosis and increase the transcripts of pro-apoptotic genes in blastocyst. Furthermore, The KDPP2A-B55α showed significantly lower cell proliferating rates (from 5-Bromo-deoxyuridineassayresults) in blastocysts and to talareas of out growth potential was decreased. These observation provide novel in sight into PP2A-B55α expression patterns in mouse early embryos and down-regulation of PP2A-B55α negatively impacted blastocyst development, total cell number, DNA damage, apoptosis, and proliferation and post-hatchingevents.

Manganese-based hollow nanoplatforms for MR imaging-guided cancer therapies

Shuang Liang,Guangfu Liao,Wenzhen Zhu,Li Zhang 한국생체재료학회 2022 생체재료학회지 Vol.26 No.3

Theranostic nanoplatforms integrating diagnostic and therapeutic functions have received considerable attention in the past decade. Among them, hollow manganese (Mn)-based nanoplatforms are superior since they combine the advantages of hollow structures and the intrinsic theranostic features of Mn2+. Specifically, the hollow cavity can encapsulate a variety of small-molecule drugs, such as chemotherapeutic agents, photosensitizers and photothermal agents, for chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT), respectively. After degradation in the tumor microenvironment (TME), the released Mn2+ is able to act simultaneously as a magnetic resonance (MR) imaging contrast agent (CA) and as a Fenton-like agent for chemodynamic therapy (CDT). More importantly, synergistic treatment outcomes can be realized by reasonable and optimized design of the hollow nanosystems. This review summarizes various Mn-based hollow nanoplatforms, including hollow MnxOy, hollow matrix-supported MnxOy, hollow Mn-doped nanoparticles, hollow Mn complex-based nanoparticles, hollow Mn-cobalt (Co)-based nanoparticles, and hollow Mn-iron (Fe)-based nanoparticles, for MR imaging-guided cancer therapies. Finally, we discuss the potential obstacles and perspectives of these hollow Mn-based nanotheranostics for translational applications. Graphical AbstractMn-based hollow nanoplatforms such as hollow MnxOy nanoparticles, hollow matrix-supported MnxOy nanoparticles, Mn-doped hollow nanoparticles, Mn complex-based hollow nanoparticles, hollow Mn-Cobased nanoparticles and hollow Mn-Fe-based nanoparticles show great promise in cancer theranostics.

Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Scriptaid Enhances Developmental Competence in Porcine Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Embryos

Shuang Liang,Ming-Hui Zhao,Jung-Woo Kwon,Seon-Hyang Kim,Nam-Hyung Kim,Xiang-Shun Cui 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2014 Reproductive & Developmental Biology(Supplement) Vol.38 No.2s

After somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), epigenetic state of a differentiated donor cell nucleus must be reversed to the embryonic state. Incomplete epigenetic reprogramming is thought to be causing the low cloning efficiency. The present study was carried out to investigate the effects and mechanism of scriptaid, a novel histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi), on the in vitro development of porcine SCNT embryos. We found that treating SCNT embryos with 300 or 500 nM scriptaid for 20 h increased the development of embryos to the blastocyst stage and total cell numbers in per blastocyst( p<0.05). Apoptosis in blastocyst was decreased (p<0.05) in the presence of scriptaid. Scriptaid treatment significantly (p<0.05) increased the levels of H3-acK9 and 5-hmc, and the levels of H3-m3K9 and 5-mc were decreased at the pronuclear stage. Expression level of mir-152 was significantly (p<0.05) increased in scriptaid treated embryos. Moreover, treating embryos with 300 nM scriptaid increased the expression level of the genes that play important roles during embryonic development (OCT4 and CDX2). Additionally, mRNA expression of Dnmt1, Cas3 and Bak were significantly decreased and Bcl-xL was increased in scriptaid treated group compared to control. In conclusion, scriptaid improves the developmental capacity, prevent apoptosis through improving the epigenetic reprogramming in porcine SCNT embryos.

Energy-Efficient Resource Allocation for OFDM-Based Cognitive Radio Networks with Imperfect Spectrum Sensing

Shuang Liang,Shouyi Yang,Wanming Hao,Bing Ning 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.11 No.3

In this study, energy-efficient (EE) resource allocation in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing-based cognitive radio networks with imperfect spectrum sensing is investigated. We present a new EE model by considering the sensing errors. Optimizing such an EE expression saves valuable resources, such as battery life, by selectively allocating power to underutilized subcarriers, and also achieves EE gain compared with general EE expression. Given that the primary user’s interference tolerance can be defined as either the Peak Interference Power (PIP) constraint or Average Interference Power (AIP) constraint for all subchannels, we compare the EE performance for the two interference power constraints. Finally, we propose an optimal EE resource allocation scheme based on the quasiconcave relation between the EE and transmit power. Simulations show that the new EE design improves EE compared with the conventional EE design, and the EE is higher with AIP constraint than that with PIP constrain under certain interference power.

Leader-following Exponential Consensus of Discrete-time Multi-agent Systems with Time-varying Delay and Intermittent Communication

Shuang Liang,Zhong-Xin Liu,Zengqiang Chen 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2020 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.18 No.4

In this paper, the leader-following exponential consensus problem of discrete-time multi-agent systems with time-varying delay is investigated. For systems with interconnected topology being directed and mobile agents being able to communicate with each other at some disjoint time intervals, a new distributed consensus protocol is proposed. By model transforming, it is shown that the consensus problem can be cast into the stability problem for discrete-time multi-agent systems. In light of the multiple Lyapunov stability analysis and the linear matrix inequality method, some new sufficient conditions are derived for guaranteeing the exponential consensus of discrete-time multi-agent systems under fixed topology and switching topology. Moreover, the corresponding gain matrices are also obtained. Finally, simulation results are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.