HNO3 : H2O2 : HF 세척법을 이용한 실리콘 직접 접합 기술에 관한 특성 연구

이종석,성만영,최우범,주철민,이정훈 고려대학교 공학기술연구소 1999 공학논문집 Vol.37 No.1

We have studied the method of silicon direct bonding using the mixture of HNO₃, H₂O₂ and HF chemicals called the controlled slight etch (CSE) solution for the effective wafer cleaning. CSE, two combinations of oxidizing and etching agents, have been used to clean the silicon surfaces prior to wafer bonding. Two wafers of silicon and silicon dioxide were contacted each other at room temperature and post-annealed at 300∼1100℃ in N₂ ambient for 2.5 hour. We have cleaned silicon wafers with the various HF concentrations and characterized the parameters with regard to surface roughness, chemical nature, chemical oxide thickness, and bonding energy. It was observed that the chemical oxide thickness of the silicon wafer decreased with increasing HF concentrations. The initial interfacial energy and final energy post-annealed at 1100℃ for 2.5 hour measured by the crack propagation method was 122 mJ/㎡ and 2.96 J/㎡ , respectively.

신장의 이상회전과 T2Hemivertebra 를 동반한 선천성 일측폐 발육 부전증 1 예

성차경,배성조,강민구,허경억,이대규,도사금 대한내과학회 1986 대한내과학회지 Vol.31 No.2

A case of congenital agenesis of left lung of a 19-years-old female is presented in detail with some review of literature. She had been suffered from mild dyspnea on exertion since early childhood but she was been comfatable unti16 months ago, when frequent upper respiratory infection and dyspnea developed. From 10 days earlier, mild fever was associated and dyspnea on exertion was aggravated. Her past history and family history were not contributary. Physical examination revealed asymmetrical development of both thoracic cage and showed limited respiratory movement of left thorax. There were increased percussion dullness and absent breathing sounds over entire left lung field except left upper lung field. The cardiac dullness was shifted to the left and heart sunds were heard over the 4th ICS X MCL. A roentgenogram of the chest revealed shifting to the left of trachea and mediastinum, homosgenou increased density of left lung, hyperlucency of right lung, and T, hemivertebra, Bronchoscopy showed total absence of left main bronchus. Bronchogram revealed above findings too, but right main bronchus was intact. CT scan revealed agenesis of left lung and herniation of right lung to left hemithorax. Intravenous pyelography showed malrotation of kidney. Pulmonary angioram and cardiac catheterization showed unremarkable findings except total absence of left pulmonary artery.

5083 Al 합금 용접재의 조직 및 저온 인장성질에 미치는 시효처리의 영향

성장현,이해우,주동원,이준희,이태청 한국열처리공학회 2000 熱處理工學會誌 Vol.13 No.1

The microstructural characteristics and low temperature tensile properties between 25℃ and -196℃ for as-welded and age hardened specimen by using Al 5083-H321 for base metal, 5083-5356 and 5083-4043 weldments have been investigated. The hardness of 5083-5356 weldment decreases with aging treatment, whereas the weld region of 5083-4043 weldment shows remarkable increase in hardness after aging due to the precipitation of fine Si particle at the grain boundaries and interiors. Low temperature tensile properties of 5083 Al base metal, 5083-5356 and 5083-4043 weldments appear to be the increment of tensile strengths and elongations at the room temperature and -196℃, while the decrement of tensile properties around -50℃ is shown. Through the observation of fine serration to fracture in the stress-strain curve and tensile fractography, the increment of localized deformation leading to promote the neck initiation and the increment of the dimple size cause to decrease in tensile strengths and elongations around -50℃. For the tensile specimen of the 5083 base metal, 5083-5356 and 5083-4043 weldments, the reason to increase in elongation after solution and aging treatment is the diminishment of fine pit, the resolution of Mg into the matrix and the spheridization of the eutectic Si.

발전플렌트용 9Cr 페라이트 내열강의 미세조직과 강도특성

강창룡,성장현,이종문,이규현,이문용 한국열처리공학회 2000 熱處理工學會誌 Vol.13 No.1

This present study were investigated effect of Ni contents on the microstructure and strength characteristic in 9Cr ferritic heat-resistant steel added 1.7%W in place of Mo in order to restrain laves phase formation. The result obtained from this study are as follow. Volume fraction, number of particles per unite area and particle size of carbide decreased with increase of Ni contents. Other side, carbides of M_(23)C_6 type was mainly precipitated in this steel, but laves phases could not precipitated in spite of increasing of aging time. With increase of tempering temperature, hardness was increased, and maximum value was showed around 873k by secondary hardening due to precipitation of W₂C type carbide and then, was decreased. Tensile and yield strength due to decrease precipitation amount of carbide and number of particles per unite area was decreased, but elongation and impact value was increased. In case of aged specimen after tempering than tempered specimen, strength was higher and elongation was lower due to increasing of precipitated amount of carbide and number of particles per unite area

정상임부와 임신중독환자의 혈장 Renin 활성도 및 Aldosterone 농도에 미치는 이뇨의 효과

김한석,이현식,이장규,성호경,고주환,조석신 대한핵의학회 1973 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.7 No.1

The changes of plasma renin activity, aldosterone concentration, serum sodium, and potassium levels were studied before and after the water loading followed by diuretics injection. The materials were: 13 non-, 11 normal-, and 11 toxemic pregnancy cases. The plasma renin activity and aldosterone concentration of the cord and postpartum blood were also measured. Following were the results: 1. The plasma renin activity was elevated significantly in normal pregnancy, and slightly in toxemic pregaancy. The serum sodium levels were decreased in pregnancy. 2. The plasma aldosterone concentration was slightly decreased in normal pregnancy, and slightly increased in toxemic pregnancy, however, statistically insignificant. 3. The plasma renin activity of the cord and postpartum blood were lower than those of pregnancy cases. 4. The changes of plasma renin activity after the diuretic administration showed an initial increase, which recovered within 2 hours. These changes were the least in normal pregnancy, and the most in toxemic pregnancy. 5. The changes of plasma aldosterone concentration after the diuretic administration were similar to those of plasma renin activity, although the variations were not so wide.

하기도 감염증 환자의 치료에 있어서 Ceftibuten과 Cefaclor의 유효성 및 안전성 비교평가를 위한 임상시험

이홍렬,김세규,장준,김성규,이원영 대한화학요법학회 1996 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.14 No.2

Ceftibuten은 β-acyl side chain에 carboxye-thylidine moiety를 가진 aminothiazolyl cephalosporin으로, 전형적인 plasmid β-lactamase 및 새로운 TEM 효소에 대하여 구조적이 안정성과 경구 복용시의 흡수 정도가 향상되었다. 다른 3 세대 경구용 cephalosporin과 마찬가지로 항균력이 비경구용 cephalosporin와 비슷하고 약력학적으로는 더 우수하기 때문에 외래 환자들의 하부 호흡기계 감염에 비경구용 약제의 차선책으로 사용이 가능하다. 본 연구에서 병원외에서 발생한 하부 호흡기계 감염을 대상으로 ecftibuten과 cefaclor를 투여한 결과 임상 양상은 모두 치료후에 호전되었다. 임상적으로 유효한 cure와 improvement의 예는 ceftibuten군에서 89.7%, cefaclor군은 87.5%씩 이었고 양군간에 유의한 차이는 없었다. 세균학적으로 ceftibuten 군에서 elimination이 더 많았으나 역시 양군간에 유의한 차이는 없었다. Ceftibuten군중 3.0%, cefaclor군은 7.4%에서 부작용이 관찰되었다. 이상의 결과로써 ceftibuten은 병원외에서 발생한 하부 호흡기계 감염에 대하여 외래에서 효과적으로 사용할 수 있는 항생제라고 생각된다. Ceftibuten is the aminothiazolyl cephalosporin, which contains a carboxyethylidine moiety at position 7 of the β-acyl side chain. The provides β-lactamase stability against both the classic plasmid β-lactamases, and also the new TEM enzymes, and excellent absorption by the oral route. Because, similarly to other oral third-generation cephalosporins, ceftibuten has the expanded antimicrobial spectrum like parenteral third-generation cephalosporins and better pharmacokinetic properties, it may be a good alternative against lower respiratory tract infection, mainly in the outpatient setting. In this study, we examined the efficacy and safety of ceftibuten in the patients with the community-acquired lower respiratory tract infection. We administrated ceftibuten or cefaclor in randomized comparative manner. Clinical manifestations were improved in both groups and overall effective rates were 89.7% in ceftibuten group and 87.5% in ceftclor group with no significant difference. Most isolated pathogens were eliminated by ceftibution such as Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and so on, even though cases were not sufficient. There was no serious adverse effect by ceftibuten. Conclusively, ceftibuten was thought to be an effective oral antobiotic against community-acquired lower respiratory tract infection in the outpatient setting.

영양물 정주시의 체내호르몬 반응에 관한 연구 : 위암환자에서 본 영양물 투여시의 insulin 및 HGH 반응 Insulin and growth hormone responses following oral or intravenous alimentation in patient with far advanced gastric cancer

이진오,성호경,고주환,유용운,이종원,김진용,이장규 대한핵의학회 1975 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.9 No.2

심히 진행된 위암 환자에서 경정맥 포도당 투여시의 insulin 및 성장 호르몬 반응을 관찰하고 경구 투여시와 비교 검토하였다. 다시 위암 환자에게 아미노산 용액을 투여하고 혈중 insulin 농도와 성장 호르몬 농도 및 혈당량을 경시적으로 측정하고 정상인에서의 결과와 비교하여 다음의 결과를 얻었다. 1) 위암 환자에게 포도당 용액을 경구 부하하면 혈중 포도당 농도의 상승은 감소되었다. 2) 위암 환자에게 포도당 용액을 경구투여하였더니 insulin 반응은 정상인에서보다 감소되어 경정맥투여시와 유사하였다. 3) 위암 환자에게 포도당 용액 또는 아미노산용액을 경정맥 투여하여 성장 호르몬 농도의 상승을 관찰하였다. 4) 위암 환자에게 아미노산 용액을 정맥내로 투여하면 정상인에서와 같이 경구투여시에 비하여 insulin 반응의 감소가 관찰되었다. 5) 위암 환자에게 포도당 경정맥 투여시의 insulin 반응이 경구 투여시와 유사한 점에 대하여 고찰하였으며 아미노산 경정맥 투여시에는 insulin 반응에 유의할 필요성을 지적하였다. Glucose tolerance, insulin and growth hormone responses following glucose for amino acids administration by means of parenteral or oral load were studied in patients with far advanced gastric cancer. Hormone responses following nutrients load showed in patients with gastric cancer were compared to those of healthy subjects. Results were as follows: 1) Blood sugar appearance following oral glucose administration was diminished in patients with far advanced gastric cancer. 2) The insulin responses of gastric cancer following oral glucose were also diminished as compared to that of normal subjects and were identical with parenteral route. 3) Parenteral administration of glucose or amino acids to patients with gastric cancer resulted in a increase of plasma growth hormone level. 4) Lower insulin response to amino acids was observed on parenteral administration in patient with gastric cancer as in healthy subjects. 5) Author discussed that the low insulin response after oral glucose administration showed in gastric cancer, and any additional insulin requirement arise when longer periods of parenteral amino acid administration are necessary, as in the patient with malnutritions. $quot;

자폐유아의 치료교육용 컴퓨터 학습교재의 실용화 검증연구

이상복,홍강의,정보인 한국정서학습장애아교육학회 1999 정서ㆍ행동장애연구 Vol.15 No.1

This study attempted to evaluate the effectiveness of parent training computer package for children with autism based on the analysis of profiles obtained with the child developmental areas and Autism Behavior Checklists(ABC). The computer package programs were provided for 20 autistic children ranging in CA from 3 to 7 for a period of six months by their own mothers. Subjects demonstrated significant treatment effects in the domains of developmental profiles and ABC. Statistically significant differences were noted. The proportional Change Index was 4.33.

유기물 발광소자에서 전하수송체의 재결합 영역의 조절을 통한 발광색상의 변화

이성수,조성민 한국화학공학회 2001 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.39 No.3

전하수송체의 재결합 영역의 위치를 연구하기 위하여 파랑, 빨강, 녹색을 발광하는 세 가지 다른 저분자량 유기발광물질을 정공수송층(Hole Transport Layer; HTL)과 전자수송층(Electron Transport Layer; ETL) 사이에 삽입하여 유기물 발광소자를 구성하였다. 또한 전하수송체의 재결합 위치를 조절하기 위해 HTL인 α-NPD물질을 사용하여 재결합 영역을 제어함으로써 발광색상을 조절하고자 실험을 수행하였다. 발광되는 색상은 스펙트럼 분석장치를 이용하여 관찰하였으며, 발광물질의 적층 순서는 HTL 위에 파랑, 빨강, 녹색의 순서로 증착하였다. α-NPD를 삽입하지 않았을 경우에는 낮은 전압(7 V)에서 붉은색이 먼저 발광한 후 인가전압을 11 V까지 증가시키면 발광색상이 파란색 쪽으로 이동하다가 13V까지 증가시키면 다시 붉은색 쪽으로 발광파장의 변화가 관찰되었다. 그러나 α-NPD를 붉은색 발광물질과 녹색 발광물질 사이에 삽입하게 되면 이로 인해 전자의 이동이 제한되기 때문에 녹색의 발광이 관찰됨을 확인하였다. 본 연구를 통해 적층된 유기물의 HOMO 및 LUMO 에너지밴드의 정렬을 조절함으로써 발광색상을 조절할 수 있음을 밝혔다. In order to investigate the carrier recombination zone in organic light emitting devices, three different coloremitting(R, G, B) materials are inserted in series between a hole transport layer(HTL) and an electron transport layer(ETL). For controlling the carrier recombination zone and changing the emission wavelength, α-NPD is used as a electron blocking layer to limit the electron transport in the devices. It was found that the recombination zone moved as the applied voltage changed in case of no electron blocking layer used. When the electron blocking layer α-NPD was used, the green emission was observed since the electron transport was limited by α-NPD. In this study, it was shown that the emission color could be controlled by aligning HOMO and LUMO energy bands of organic light emitting materials.

목재분진의 독성에 의한 환경홀몬특성 연구

이내우,김성빈,박희련,디노피사니엘로 한국산업위생학회 2000 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.10 No.2

This study was performed to evaluate tannin exposure by woodcuts for workers in furniture factories and to investigate the relationship between tannin exposure and sino-nasal cancer risk. In order to explore possible cytological changes leading to nasal cancer, we have examined 50 male furniture workers and 50 matched controls using brush cytology. The results we have obtained in this study were as follows: 1. The tannin contents of woods used in woodworking factories have been measured and varied from 0.43 to 8.72 ㎎ tannic acid equivalent per gram wood, for reconstituted softwood and turpentine (Syncarpia glomuliferia) respectively. 2. Airborne tannins in woodcuts were also determined by area and personal exposure. The values of mean exposures for bath methods are ranged from 3.1 to 5.0 ㎍/㎥ and from 4.6 to 14.5 ㎍/㎥ in furniture manufactures. 3. Over nasal cytology scores 2, the scores of study group were slightly more than control group and this kind of metaplasias seemed to be occurred over 2 ㎎/㎥ woodcuts and 6 ㎍/㎥ tannin exposure. Keratinising squamous metaplasia was investigated at nasal cytology score 3 and 10 ㎍/㎥ tannin exposure. The nasal cytology score 4 was seemed to be atypical squamous metaplasia. 4. To find out contributing factors to nasal cytology change, odds ratio that is one of fundmental biostatistics was applied. Actually the relationship between woodcuts, tannin concentration and metaplasia were not meaningful, but the relationship between working experience more than 15 years and metaplasia was calculated as 1.83. This reveals that significant clinical abnormalities could be influenced from the years of woodworking experiences. However further research is required to evaluate the significance of the data, for the purposes of sino-nasal risk assessment, standard setting to prevent nasal cancer occurrences and possibility of changing workplace.