Regional Distribution of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in the Republic of Korea, 2007-2011

( Geun Yong Kwon ),( Hyung Min Lee ),( Jin Gwack ),( Sang Won Lee ),( Moran Ki ),( Seung Ki Youn ) 대한소화기학회 2014 Gut and Liver Vol.8 No.4

Background/Aims: In Korea, hepatitis C is included as an infectious disease in a sentinel surveillance system. Recently, a large variation in hepatitis C incidence between different regions in Korea has been noticed. The current study verified the nationwide distribution of hepatitis C infection for effective prevention and management. Methods: We counted the number of hepatitis C patients who visited a hospital per county using the National Health Insurance database from 2007 to 2011. The age-adjusted prevalence ratio was used, and the age adjustment method was used as an indirect standardization method. Disease mapping and spatial analysis were conducted using a geographic information system. Results: The annual prevalence of diagnosed hepatitis C was approximately 0.12% to 0.13% in Korea. The age-adjusted prevalence ratios in Busan, Jeonnam, and Gyeongnam were high (1.75, 1.4, and 1.3, respectively). The three regions in the southern coastal area of the Korean Peninsula were identified as a high-prevalence cluster (Moran`s index, 0.3636). Conclusions: The present study showed that hepatitis C infection has very large regional variation, and there are several high-risk areas. Preventive measures focusing on these areas should be applied to block the transmission of hepatitis C and reduce the disease burden. (Gut Liver 2014;8:428-432)

Effect of interface voids on electroluminescence colors for ZnO microdisk/<i>p</i>-GaN heterojunction light-emitting diodes

Mo, Ran,Choi, Ji Eun,Kim, Hyeong Jin,Jeong, Junseok,Kim, Jong Chan,Kim, Yong-Jin,Jeong, Hu Young,Hong, Young Joon American Institute of Physics 2017 Applied Physics Letters Vol.111 No.14

AAFCS Credentialing : Quality Support for Quality Families

Moran, Jim 대한가정학회 2003 Human Ecology Research(HER) Vol.41 No.11

Key Performance Indicators to Diagnose Poor Farm Performance and Profitability of Smallholder Dairy Farmers in Asia

Moran, John B. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2009 Animal Bioscience Vol.22 No.12

This review presents a series of Key Performance Indicators (KPI) to assist Asian smallholder dairy farmers in identifying the possible causes for their poor farm performance and profitability. When assessing farm profitability, these indicators can be split into two types, those diagnosing problems with feeding management and those indicating poor herd management. As home grown forage is generally cheaper to source than purchased forage, the more produced on farm, the better. Too many stock on limited land is a common feature on Asian dairy small holdings. Unlike other classes of livestock, milking cows have very high nutrient requirements, therefore high quality forages and concentrates are essential for profitable dairying. Milk income less feed cost is one of the simplest and easy to measure indicators of farm profitability and is also quick to respond to small changes in farm practices. Problems with herd management can be diagnosed using measures such as the proportion of cows actually milking in the herd or their peak yield and persistency of production. There are also simple indicators of herd reproductive performance and of health and growth of young stock that assist in searching for the underlying causes of poor farm profitability.

Appraising genetic resources in pigs

Moran, Chris 濟州大學校 農科大學 動物科學硏究所 2000 動物科學論叢 Vol.15 No.1

Influence of Different Dielectrics and Machining Parameters for Electrical Discharge-Assisted Milling of Titanium Alloy

Moran Xu,Changping Li,Rendi Kurniawan,Jielin Chen,Tae Jo Ko 한국정밀공학회 2022 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.23 No.10

The machinability of the hybrid machining method for electrical discharge assisted milling (EDAM) has been validated in previous research. The influence of three different dielectrics (kerosene, EDM oil, and deionized water) on the performance of the EDAM was investigated in this study. An analysis of the discharged signal, surface morphology, and elemental composition of the electrode under different machining parameters reveals the influence of different dielectrics. The results show that compared with deionized water, kerosene and EDM oil have a higher discharge frequency. After long-term discharge, debris and carbides will be generated during processing, which will affect the microhardness and discharge stability of the processed material. Among the result of EDAM, EDM oil produced the best surface integrity, with surface roughness values 34.93%, 87.92%, and 121.68% lower than those of kerosene, deionized water, and conventional milling (CM), respectively. The results show that EDAM reduces the microhardness after machining by reducing the plastic deformation of the surface.

Dietary supplementation of finishing pigs with the docosahexaenoic acid-rich microalgae, Aurantiochytrium limacinum: effects on performance, carcass characteristics and tissue fatty acid profile

Moran, Colm A.,Morlacchini, Mauro,Keegan, Jason D.,Fusconi, Giorgio Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2018 Animal Bioscience Vol.31 No.5

Objective: The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation with the docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-rich microalgae, Aurantiochytrium limacinum (AURA) on pig performance, carcass traits, and the fatty acid composition of pork Longissimus lumborum (LL) and backfat. Methods: A total of 144 Pig Improvement Company (PIC)${\times}$Goland finishing pigs (72 females and 72 castrated males) of mean weight 117.1 (${\pm}13.1$) kg were blocked by sex and body weight and provided with 0% or 1% AURA in isonutritive and isocaloric diets. A total of 24 pens provided 12 replicates per treatment. Animals were weighed on day 0 and 28 with feed and water intake recorded per pen. After 31 days supplementation (28 days of study and 3 days until the slaughtering date) three animals per pen (n = 72) were slaughtered and the LL and backfat thickness, lean meat content and dressing percentage were recorded for the carcasses. The fatty acid (FA) profile of the LL and backfat was established by direct FA methyl ester synthesis. Results: No differences were observed for any performance parameters or carcass traits. Supplementation with AURA resulted in significant changes to the FA profiles of both the LL and backfat with male and female pigs responding differently to supplementation in terms of particular FAs. Overall, pork LL samples had significantly higher eicosapentaenoic acid (p<0.001) and DHA concentrations (p<0.001), and higher omega-3 (n-3) FAs (p<0.001), as well as an increased omega3:omega6 (n-3:n-6) ratio (p = 0.001). For backfat, supplementation resulted in significantly higher amounts of DHA (p<0.001) and n-3 FAs (p<0.001). Conclusion: These results indicate that dietary supplementation with 1% AURA over a 31 day period can increase the FA composition of pork LL and backfat, specifically the DHA, with no major impact on growth performance and carcass traits.

Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Korean Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: A Big Data Analysis

( Moran Ki ),( Hwa Young Choi ),( Bo Hyun Kim ),( Joong-won Park ) 대한간학회 2016 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2016 No.1

Aims: The Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and/or its individual componentshave been linked to the development of various cancers. Recentstudies have suggested MetS as a risk factor of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). However, the association between MetS and HCC is incontroversial especially in an HBV- and HCV-endemic area. We evaluatedthe association between the MetS and HCC in Korea.Methods: The HCC incidences according to the MetS were analyzedin general population by using the Health Examination Cohort dataof National Health Insurance. We followed all 112,794 people whowere 40-79 years old and had health examination in 2002 or 2003.According to limited source justification, the criteria for MetS areas follows: BMI 25+, hypertension SBP 130+ or DBP 85+, fastingblood glucose (FBG) 100mg/dL+ and total cholesterol (TC) 240mg/dL+. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used.Results: Out of 112,794 people, 40,443(35.9%) had one,26,410(23.4%) had two, 19,874(17.6%) had three, and 1,604(1.4%)had four components of MetS. HCC incidence rates for 10 yearswere 1.27% for one, 1.38% for two, 0.59% for three, and 1.12%for four components groups of MetS. Univariate analysis on risk ofHCC showed significant results with hypertension (HR: 1.184), FBG(HR: 1.256) and TC (HR: 0.676). However, after adjusting for age,sex, alcohol drinking, and viral hepatitis (B and/or C), only TC (HR:0.717) showed a significant result. After excluding TC which showedprotective effect, adjusted HRs of BMI, FBG, and hypertension werenot significant (1.016, 1.046 and 1.038, respectively).Conclusions: MetS may not be a significant risk for HCC developmentin a Korean population-based study. A subsequent analysis of theHCC risk and MetS is currently under way in the second set includingdata of triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol.

Comprehensive Study on the Cutting Force Modeling and Machinability of High Frequency Electrical Discharge Assisted Milling Process Using a Novel Tool

Moran Xu,Rong Wei,Changping Li,Rendi Kurniawan,Jielin Chen,Tae Jo Ko 한국정밀공학회 2023 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.10 No.2

Previous research had validated the machinability of the new machining method of electrical discharge assisted milling (EDAM). However, the EDAM tool has shortcomings, such as its inability to compensate for the electrodes and small discharge area, which restricted further popularization and applications of the method. So, this research introduced a high frequency EDAM (HF-EDAM), based on a novel tool with flexible electrodes. Notably, the material removal mechanism of HF-EDAM under different machining parameters was deeply explored in this study. In particular, the discharge signal, electrode and workpiece surface topographies, cutting force, tool wear, and machined-surface integrity of HF-EDAM were analyzed to find the machining mechanism of HF-EDAM under different machining parameters. At the same time, a two-dimensional cutting force model of HF-EDAM was also established, and a series of experiments showed that the model had good prediction accuracy for cutting forces. Furthermore, the experiments also showed that the HF-EDAM greatly reduced the cutting force and tool wear, and improved the machined-surface integrity as compared to those under CM, respectively. In essence, the excellent machinability of HF-EDAM was verified by experiments and modeling. Hence, HF-EDAM is an effective method for high-quality and efficient machining of titanium alloys, which are difficult to machine.

Causes and countermeasures for repeated outbreaks of hepatitis A among adults in Korea

Moran Ki,Hyunjin Son,Bo Youl Choi 한국역학회 2019 Epidemiology and Health Vol.41 No.-

The 2019 hepatitis A outbreak has become increasingly prevalent among adults in Korea and is the largest outbreak since that in 2009-2010. The incidence in the current outbreak is highest among adults aged 35-44 years, corresponding to the peak incidence among those aged 25-34 years 10 years ago. This may indicate a cohort effect in the corresponding age group. Causes of these repeated outbreaks of hepatitis A in Korea are low level of immunity among adults, Korean food culture that consumes raw seafood such as salted clam and inadequate public health system. Among countermeasures, along with general infectious disease control measures including control of the infectious agent, infection spread, and host, urgent actions are needed to review the vaccination policy and establish an adequate public health system.