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Difference in food and nutrient intakes in Korean elderly people according to chewing difficulty
Song Hee Kwon,Hae Ryun Park,Young Mi Lee,Soo Youn Kwon,Ok Sun Kim,Hee Young Kim,Young Suk Lim 한국영양학회 2017 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.11 No.2
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Chewing difficulty is a factor contributing to a poor nutritional status in the elderly. The aim of this study was to examine disparities in food and nutrition intakes among Korean elderly people with and without chewing difficulty. SUBJECTS/METHODS: This study utilized data from the sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in 2013. The study subjects included males and females over 65 years of age who were not required to adhere to a special diet due to disease or sickness. They were divided into groups according to their chewing ability. Those who found chewing “very difficult” or “difficult”, were combined to form the chewing difficulty group. Similarly, those who found chewing “moderately difficult”, “easy”, and “very easy” were combined to form the normal chewing group. RESULTS: Of the 999 subjects, 47.7% had chewing difficulties and the prevalence of chewing difficulty was higher in females than in males (P = 0.03) and higher in those 75 years of age and over than in younger individuals (P < 0.001). The chewing difficulty group had a significantly lower intake of fruits and vegetables (P < 0.05) and lower vitamin C and potassium intake than those in the normal group. Comparison of the percentages of Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRIs) in the two groups indicated that the intake of most nutrients (energy, vitamin C, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, and iron) were significantly lower in the chewing difficulty group than in the normal group. In particular, calcium intake was inadequate (51% of KDRIs) in the chewing difficulty group. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that chewing difficulty is closely related to food and nutrient intake in the elderly and can result in vitamin and mineral intake deficiencies. It is evident that the care of elderly subjects with chewing difficulty is essential for maintaining a healthy lifestyle.
Song, Mi-Ae,Lee, Ok-Min The Ecological Society of Korea 2015 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.38 No.4
Cyanobacteria were sampled at five sites in the Han River, Nakdong River, and Geum River watershed from June 2014 to May 2015 and then cultivated. Two genera and five species of the cyanobacteria were newly recorded in Korea. The newly recorded species were Limnothrix redekei, Pseudanabaena galeata, Pseudanabaena amphigranulata, Sphaerospermopsis aphanizomenoides, and Calothrix parietina. As a result, the Korean flora of the cyanobacteria now include four orders, 22 families with 73 genera, 143 species, and two varieties, giving a total of 146 taxa.
A study of six newly recorded species of cyanobacteria (Cyanophyceae, Cyanophyta) in Korea
Song, Mi-Ae,Lee, Ok-Min The National Institute of Biological Resources 2017 Journal of species research Vol.6 No.2
The aim of this study was to discover and describe new genera and species of cyanobacteria in Korea. Aquatic and aerial algae were collected from various environments in the Han River and Nakdong River watersheds between August 2009 and October 2015. As a result, one genus and six species of cyanobacteria were newly recorded in Korea. The newly recorded genus for Korea was Capsosira; newly recorded species were Capsosira brebissonii, Rivularia minutula, Chamaesiphon amethystinus, Leptolyngbya margaretheana, Pseudanabaena arcuata, and Rhabdoderma lineare.
Cultural Characteristics of a Phosphate-solubilizing bacterium , Pseudomonas cepacia DA23
Song,Ok Ryul,Lee,Mi Hwa,Lee,Seung Jin,Chung,Soo Yeol,Choi,Yong Lark 한국생명과학회 2001 한국생명과학회 학술발표회 Vol.33 No.-
A bacterium having strong ability to solubilize inorganic phosphate was isolated from cultured soils for salts accumulation and superfluity treatment of phosphate, using sucrose minimal agar-tricalcium phosphate medium. The strain was identified to Pseudomonas cepacia DA23, based on the physiological and biochemical properties. The optimum temperature and initial pH to solubilize insoluble phosphate in sucrose minimal medium were 26℃ and pH 5.0, respectively. In these conditions, phosphate solubilizing activites of the strain against two types of insoluble phosphate like tricalcium phosphate, hydroxy apatite, were quantitiatively determined. When glucose was used for carborn source, the strain had a marked mineral phosphate solubilizing activity. Inorganic phosphate solubilization was directly related to the pH drop by the strain. Analysis of the culture medium confirmed the production of gluconic acid as the main organic acid released by Pseudomonsa cepacia DA23.
Real-time midcourse guidance with consideration of the impact condition
Song, Eun-Jung,Joh, Mi-Ok The Korean Society for Aeronautical and Space Scie 2003 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.4 No.2
The objective of this study is to enhance neural-network guidance to consider the impact condition. The optimal impact condition in this study is defined as an head-on attack. Missile impact-angle error, which is a measure of the degree to which the missile is not steering for a head-on attack, can also have an influence on the final miss distance. Therefore midcourse guidance is used to navigate the missile, reducing the deviation angle from head on, given some constraints on the missile g performance. A coordinate transformation is introduced to simplify the three-dimensional guidance law and, consequently, to reduce training data. Computer simulation results show that the neural-network guidance law with the coordinate transformation reduces impact-angle errors effectively.