Review of fNIRS Development Research

Lei Tao,Su Jianjiao 아시아건강운동학회 2022 Journal of Asian Society for Health & Exercise Vol.4 No.1

PURPOSE : Based on the launch of the Brain Project, the influence of exercise on brain plasticity has received more and more attention from scholars, and more and more studies have been done on the brain through neuroimaging techniques. Based on this, this paper presents the current development of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and its future progress to provide a theoretical basis for the subsequent research. METHODS : As a non-invasive means of detecting brain function, fNIRS is safer and more convenient than other detection methods. It can monitor the changes of hemodynamics in each region of the brain in real time, thus reflecting the state of brain function in each region of the brain. In recent years, fNIRS has been mainly applied to clinical diagnosis and motor rehabilitation treatment testing for neurological diseases (AD, DNT, PD, etc.), psychiatric diseases (MMD, BD, BD, etc.), and pediatric diseases (CP, ASD, ADHD, etc.). There are also studies conducted by scholars in the area of physical activity. RESULTS : Studies have shown that exercise improves the cognitive function of patients and therefore can serve as a complementary tool to pharmacological treatment. However, studies on the mechanisms of exercise intensity, exercise modality, and exercise duration remain unclear. CONCLUSIONS : In conclusion, the study concluded that fNIRS can be combined with virtual technology, physical exercise, and education for diagnosis and treatment of brain function disorders, providing theoretical support for the pathogenesis of brain function and intervention treatment.

Development of EST-SSR Markers and Analysis of Genetic Relationship it’s Resources in Hexaploid Oats

Leitao Pedro Isabel,박재령,이강섭,박규환,김경민 한국작물학회 2019 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.22 No.3

Oats are the fifth largest planted area in the world, and are the only cereal crops in the world to be among the top ten in the world. However, since oats are weak in cold weather, only four varieties are cultivated in Korea at present. Therefore, we constructed the DNA profile database using the EST-SSR marker for the oat 73 varieties kept in Korea. When the oat 73 cultivars marketed in Korea were tested with the eight EST-SSR marker developed in this study, 71.62 average alleles were detected per marker and the mean of PIC value was 0.337. According to the polymorphism of microsatellite markers, 73 varieties of oats were classified into 5-9 groups and most of the genetic resources investigated were identified when EST-SSR marker was used. In the future, EST-SSR markers developed in this study may be used to identify the seed disputes and breeds of oats. In addition, it predicts that it will be usefully used as a means of evaluating the characteristics of oat genetic resources, testing purity and studying the cultivation of varieties.

Allocating Minimum Number of Leaders for Seeking Consensus over Directed Networks with Time-varying Nonlinear Multi-agents

Leitao Gao,Guangshe Zhao,Guoqi Li,Yuming Liu,Jiangshuai Huang,Changyun Wen 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2019 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.17 No.1

In this paper, we consider how to determine the minimum number of leaders with allocation and how toachieve consensus over directed networks consisting of time-varying nonlinear multi-agents. Firstly, the problemof finding minimum number of leaders is formulated as a minimum spanning forest problem, i.e., finding theminimum population of trees in the network. By introducing a toll station connecting with each agent, this problemis converted to a minimum spanning tree problem. In this way, the minimum number of leaders is determined andthese leaders are found locating at the roots of each tree in the obtained spanning forest. Secondly, we describe avirtual leader connected with the allocated leaders, which indicates that the number of edges connected the followeragents with the virtual leader is the least in an arbitrary directed network. This method is different from the existingconsensus problem of redundant leaders or edges that connect the follower with one leader in special networks. A distributed consensus protocol is revisited for achieving final global consensus of all agents. It is theoreticallyshown that such a protocol indeed ensures consensus. Simulation examples in real-life networks are also providedto show the effectiveness of the proposed methodology. Our works enable studying and extending application ofconsensus problems in various complex networks.

Post-LACC era: critical assessment not “all-or-none” is needed

Mario M. Leitao Jr,김세익,김재원 대한부인종양학회 2021 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.32 No.2

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Towards the Isolation of Disease Resistance Genes in Brassica oleracea L and Pisum sativum L

Mario J. Farinho,Graca Pereira,Nelson F. Sousa,Joana V. Leitao,Mafalda Damaso,Paula S. Coelho,Antonio A. Monteiro,Jose M. Leitao 한국원예학회 2006 한국원예학회 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-

Multi-step toolpath approach of improving the dimensional accuracy of a non-axisymmetric part in incremental sheet forming and its mechanism analysis

Song Wu,Leitao Gao,Yusuke Matsuoka,Sherif Rashed,Yixi Zhao,Ninshu Ma 대한기계학회 2022 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.36 No.4

Incremental sheet forming (ISF) is a die-less manufacturing technology suitable for small lot and/or customized parts. However, geometric accuracy issues in ISF with a singlestep toolpath and a conventional multi-step toolpath, such as the pillow and stepped feature at the base areas of manufactured parts, limit the industrial application of this technology. This study presents a novel parametric multi-step toolpath that uses one additional step to form a non-axisymmetric component with the Al2024 sheet. An acceptable higher geometry accuracy below ± 0.6 mm can be obtained experimentally and numerically by adjusting the influencing factors of the multi-step toolpath. Then, the material motion and the strain path in the forming of the non-axisymmetric component with different multi-step toolpaths is analyzed. Results indicate that the flat base depends on the rigid body motion in the central base area and the strain increment balance between the base and sidewall.

Inhalation of Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibrils Triggers an Inflammatory Response and Changes Lung Tissue Morphology of Mice

Silva-Carvalho, Ricardo,Silva, Joao P.,Ferreirinha, Pedro,Leitao, Alexandre F.,Andrade, Fabia K.,da Costa, Rui M. Gil,Cristelo, Cecilia,Rosa, Morsyleide F.,Vilanova, Manuel,Gama, F. Miguel Korean Society of ToxicologyKorea Environmental Mu 2019 Toxicological Research Vol.35 No.1

In view of the growing industrial use of Bacterial cellulose (BC), and taking into account that it might become airborne and be inhaled after industrial processing, assessing its potential pulmonary toxic effects assumes high relevance. In this work, the murine model was used to assess the effects of exposure to respirable BC nanofibrils (nBC), obtained by disintegration of BC produced by Komagataeibacter hansenii. Murine bone marrow-derived macrophages ($BMM{\Phi}$) were treated with different doses of nBC (0.02 and 0.2 mg/mL, respectively 1 and $10{\mu}g$ of fibrils) in absence or presence of 0.2% Carboxymethyl Cellulose (nBCMC). Furthermore, mice were instilled intratracheally with nBC or nBCMC at different concentrations and at different time-points and analyzed up to 6 months after treatments. Microcrystaline $Avicel-plus^{(R)}$ CM 2159, a plant-derived cellulose, was used for comparison. Markers of cellular damage (lactate dehydrogenase release and total protein) and oxidative stress (hydrogen peroxidase, reduced glutathione, lipid peroxidation and glutathione peroxidase activity) as well presence of inflammatory cells were evaluated in brochoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids. Histological analysis of lungs, heart and liver tissues was also performed. BAL analysis showed that exposure to nBCMC or CMC did not induce major alterations in the assessed markers of cell damage, oxidative stress or inflammatory cell numbers in BAL fluid over time, even following cumulative treatments. $Avicel-plus^{(R)}$ CM 2159 significantly increased LDH release, detected 3 months after 4 weekly administrations. However, histological results revealed a chronic inflammatory response and tissue alterations, being hypertrophy of pulmonary arteries (observed 3 months after nBCMC treatment) of particular concern. These histological alterations remained after 6 months in animals treated with nBC, possibly due to foreign body reaction and the organism's inability to remove the fibers. Overall, despite being a safe and biocompatible biomaterial, BC-derived nanofibrils inhalation may lead to lung pathology and pose significant health risks.

Inhalation of Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibrils Triggers an Inflammatory Response and Changes Lung Tissue Morphology of Mice

Ricardo Silva-Carvalho,Joao P. Silva,Pedro Ferreirinha,Alexandre F. Leitao,Fabia K. Andrade,Rui M. Gil da Costa,Cecilia Cristelo,Morsyleide F. Rosa,Manuel Vilanova,F. Miguel Gama 한국독성학회 2019 Toxicological Research Vol.35 No.1

In view of the growing industrial use of Bacterial cellulose (BC), and taking into account that it might become airborne and be inhaled after industrial processing, assessing its potential pulmonary toxic effects assumes high relevance. In this work, the murine model was used to assess the effects of exposure to respirable BC nanofibrils (nBC), obtained by disintegration of BC produced by Komagataeibacter hansenii. Murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMΦ) were treated with different doses of nBC (0.02 and 0.2 mg/mL, respectively 1 and 10 μg of fibrils) in absence or presence of 0.2% Carboxymethyl Cellulose (nBCMC). Furthermore, mice were instilled intratracheally with nBC or nBCMC at different concentrations and at different time-points and analyzed up to 6 months after treatments. Microcrystaline Avicel-plus® CM 2159, a plant-derived cellulose, was used for comparison. Markers of cellular damage (lactate dehydrogenase release and total protein) and oxidative stress (hydrogen peroxidase, reduced glutathione, lipid peroxidation and glutathione peroxidase activity) as well presence of inflammatory cells were evaluated in brochoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids. Histological analysis of lungs, heart and liver tissues was also performed. BAL analysis showed that exposure to nBCMC or CMC did not induce major alterations in the assessed markers of cell damage, oxidative stress or inflammatory cell numbers in BAL fluid over time, even following cumulative treatments. Avicel-plus® CM 2159 significantly increased LDH release, detected 3 months after 4 weekly administrations. However, histological results revealed a chronic inflammatory response and tissue alterations, being hypertrophy of pulmonary arteries (observed 3 months after nBCMC treatment) of particular concern. These histological alterations remained after 6 months in animals treated with nBC, possibly due to foreign body reaction and the organism’s inability to remove the fibers. Overall, despite being a safe and biocompatible biomaterial, BC-derived nanofibrils inhalation may lead to lung pathology and pose significant health risks.

Poster Session : PS 0272 ; Gastroenterology : Ogilvie Syndrome - Undiagnosed and Untreated but a Condition to Have in Mind

( Joana Malho Rodrigues ),( Debora Cardoso ),( Rita Ivo ),( Sofi A Serra ),( Margarida Proenca ),( Patricia Moniz ),( Arturo Botella ),( Susana Jesus ),( Candida Fonseca ),( Ana Leitao ),( Luls Campos 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

Introduction: Ogilvie Syndrome (OS) is an acute colonic pseudo-obstruction with no mechanical cause underlying. The diagnosis is mainly clinical and radiological. Of unknown pathophysiology but in 95% associated with other pathologies such as infectious, cardiac, neurological among others. The treatment is based on decompression wih nasogastric tube(NGT), enteroclysis, laxative and procinetic therapies with neostigmine and erythromycine. In severely ill or complicated patients, endoscopic and surgical decompression may be indicated, even thought, mortality rates can be up to 40%. Clinical Cases: 1) 82 years old woman admitted with acute heart failure. Presented with abdominal distention and hydroaeric levels without relevant hydroelectrolyte disturbances. Lack of response to laxative and procinetic therapies. Computer tomography (CT) excluded obstructive lesions. After introduction of erythromycin intestinal transit was reestablished. 2) 87 years old man, admitted with community adquired pneumonia (CAP) who developed intestinal sub-oclusion with parcial recuperation after procinetics, NGT decompression and enteroclysis. CT: massive intestinal distention without obstruction. Hospitalization complicated with stroke, which lead to death. 3) 94 years old woman, admitted with CAP and acute renal lesion. Had maintained intestinal transit but, marked abdominal distention and pain. Transitory improvement after enteroclysis and NGT. CT showed transverse and sigmoid colon marked distention, without occlusive lesions. Although optimized therapy the patient progressed into anuria, multiorganic failure which lead to death. Conclusion: OS is a frequently undiagnosed clinical condition. Prompt diagnosis and treatment can predict a better outcome and are important to avoid complications such as intestinal perforation, ischaemia and peritonitis.

Multimode participation of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of COVID-19

Tieying Dai,Leyin Zhang,Xinyang Dai,Xinran Zhang,Beibei Lu,Yuxi Zheng,Deyi Shen,Yici Yan,Congqi Ji,Jieru Yu,Leitao Sun 한국한의학연구원 2021 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.10 No.-

Background The outbreak of COVID-19 has swiftly spread across China and all over the world, resulting in severe contagious pneumonia. However, no specific anti-COVID-19 drugs or methods are available for the treatment of this acute and fatal disease. In recent years, as the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) have been universally acknowledged, it has been brought to a crucial status domestically and overseas for the treatment of COVID-19. Methods We searched relevant literature, electronic databases, and official statements, diagnoses and protocols to retrieve studies and applications related to traditional Chinese medicine for COVID-19 in terms of regulations and policies, clinical evidence, preclinical rationale and big data analysis and then summarized the discovery and development of potential drugs and their targets. Results Clinicians, researchers, governments, the public, colleges, institutes and companies collected and classified associated policies, regulations and actual contributions, searched clinical trials and preclinical experimental outcomes from databases, studied potential TCM drugs with possible mechanisms, retrieved numerous big data analysis method and gathered pooled results of compounds along with their effective targets to make traditional Chinese medicine vital to cover all stages of patients in the treatment and control of COVID-19. Conclusion Traditional Chinese medicine provides new evidence to support the clinical value of TCM for COVID-19. Background The outbreak of COVID-19 has swiftly spread across China and all over the world, resulting in severe contagious pneumonia. However, no specific anti-COVID-19 drugs or methods are available for the treatment of this acute and fatal disease. In recent years, as the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) have been universally acknowledged, it has been brought to a crucial status domestically and overseas for the treatment of COVID-19. Methods We searched relevant literature, electronic databases, and official statements, diagnoses and protocols to retrieve studies and applications related to traditional Chinese medicine for COVID-19 in terms of regulations and policies, clinical evidence, preclinical rationale and big data analysis and then summarized the discovery and development of potential drugs and their targets. Results Clinicians, researchers, governments, the public, colleges, institutes and companies collected and classified associated policies, regulations and actual contributions, searched clinical trials and preclinical experimental outcomes from databases, studied potential TCM drugs with possible mechanisms, retrieved numerous big data analysis method and gathered pooled results of compounds along with their effective targets to make traditional Chinese medicine vital to cover all stages of patients in the treatment and control of COVID-19. Conclusion Traditional Chinese medicine provides new evidence to support the clinical value of TCM for COVID-19.