감의 연화 특성

金順東,李信浩,姜明秀 대구효성가톨릭대학교 1986 연구논문집 Vol.33 No.1

To investigate the softening characteristics of persimmonfruit, textural changes at temperature of 25℃, 35℃ and 45℃, and the soaking effect at 30℃, 50℃ and 70℃ were estimated. And also, content and composition of the cell wall polysaccharides, 4NKOH soluble hemicellulosic fraction(HF?), 0~3N KOH soluble hemicellulosic fraction(HF?), ionically associated pectin(IAP), covalently bounded pectin(CBP) and cellulosic fraction(CF), and polygalacturonase(PG), cell wall polysaccharides degradated crude enzyme(CEW) were studied. The hardness was lowest at 25℃, especially adhesiveness and gumminess was contrary to each other in the temperature. In the higher temperature, 35~45℃, the softening phenomenon was inhibited by degrees, but adhesiveness and gumminess showed high on the 6th days at 35℃. The softening was more promoted by soaking at 30℃, and showed higher adhesiveness. In the higher soaking temperature of 50℃ to 70℃, the adhesiveness and the gumminess was increased, but the softening was getting inhibited. The persimmon contained lower pectic polysaccharides, but PG activity was high(720μmol product/100g f.w.). IAP and CBP was degradated about 60% by the CWE, and the degradation ratio of the pectic polysaccharides was uronic acid 43~50%, hexose 59~61%. It was suggested that the severe softening phenomenon of persimmon involoved the degradation of CBP-bound hemicellulosic fraction.

Percutaneous Vertebroplasty Following Postural Reduction in Unstable Vertebra Plana; Is it a Contraindication?

Kim, Seok-Won,Lee, Seung-Meung,Shin, Ho,Kim, Hyun-Sung The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2006 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.39 No.2

Objective : Severe vertebral body collapse [vertebra plana] is considered a contraindication to vertebroplasty by most authors. The purpose of this study is to determine the efficacy of vertebroplasty in treating severe compression fracture patients with osteoporosis. Methods : 16 patients underwent 18 vertebroplasties following postural reduction for vertebra plana. The fractures were defined vertebrae that have collapsed to more than 75% of their original height. Imaging and clinical features were analyzed, including involved vertebrae level, vertebral height after postural reduction for 2 days, injected cement volume, clinical outcome and complications. Results : Involved veretebra were located from level T7 to L4. Vertebral body collapse averaged 79% [range $12{\sim}25%$] of the original height. After pillow reduction for 2 days, vertebral body height increased 35% of the original height [range $15{\sim}45%$]. The kyphotic wedge was $12^{\circ}$ before procedure and was decreased $7.0^{\circ}$ after vertebroplasty. The mean injected cement volume was 3.8ml [range $2.0{\sim}4.9ml$]. After the procedure, surgical outcome was excellent in 8 [50%] of 16 patients, good in 7 [42%] and unchanged in one [8%]. The mean pain score [VAS score] prior to vertebroplasty was 8.3 and it changed 3.2 after the procure. Cement leakage to the adjacent disc [5 cases] and paravertebral soft tissues [4 cases] developed but there were no major complications. Conclusion : We propose that vertebra plana due to osteoporosis is not a contraindication to vertebroplasty. Vertebroplasty following postural reduction for severe compression fracture is safe and effective treatment.

Tc-99m DTPA 신장스캔을 이용한 이식신의 사구체 여과율 측정의 임상적 유용성의 평가

김미선,박용기,장익득,김중경,윤대현,신용훈,감복규,이시래,윤명순 대한신장학회 1999 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.18 No.1

In clinical practice, Tc-99m DTPA renal scan has been using for screening for the presence of renal dysfunction to determine the need for early treatment in kidney transplantation patients. We measured glomerular filtration rate(GFR) using Gates method during the routine Tc-99m DTPA renal scan, predicted creatinine clearance estimated by Cockcroft and Gault formula and 24-hour creatinine clearance and compared each other in 88 kidney transplantation patients simultaneously. The range of renal uptake(%) of Tc-99m DTPA was from 1.8% to 10.4% and the correlation between 24-hour creatinine clearance and renal uptake showed Y=7.176X8.975Y=creatinine clearance(ml/min), X=renal uptake(%) and the correlation coefficient was 0.771. The correlation coefficient between GFR (ml/min) using Tc-99m DTPA renal scan and predicted creatinine clearance was 0.765. The correlation coefficient between predicted creatinine clearance and 24-hour creatinine clearance was 0.850. We concluded that the measurement of GFR using Tc-99m DTPA renal scan was clinically useful in kidney transplantation patients with the advantage of simplicity, low expense, opportunity for renal imaging.

자가면역성 갑상선질환에서 TBII 활성도에 관한 연구

김동수,김인주,김용기,신우원,나산균,배상균,정주섭,윤명순 대한내과학회 1986 대한내과학회지 Vol.30 No.5

To clarify the pathogenetic significance of TBII in the autoimmune thyroid disease, the author assayed TBII using TSH-radioreceptor assay kit (R,S.R, Limited, England) in 10 normal control, 93 patients with Graves' disease, 21 patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and 3 patients with Hashitoxicosis. The following results were obtained: 1) The mean value of TBII activity in the normal control, patients with Graves' disease, Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Hashitoxicosis was 2, 6±3.4%, 37.2±26.2%, 3.9±8.4% and 44.0±38.1%, respectively. 2) The range of TBII activity in the normal control was 010% and then TBII positivity was defined to the value over 10% of TBII activity. The prevalence of TBII positivity were O%, 81, 7%, 9.5% and 66.0% respectively, and the activity and prevalence of TBII positivity in the patients with Graves' disease and Hashitoxicosis were significantly higher than the normal control and the patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. 3) There was no significant difference in the thyroid function states between TBII positive and TBII negative patients with Graves' disease. 4) There was no significant correlations between TBII activity and thyroid function states in the patients with Graves disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. 5) The prevalence of TBII positivity in Graves' disease was highest in fourth decades.

Surgical Results of en Bloc Open-door Laminoplasty

Kim, Seok-Won,Lee, Seung-Meung,Shin, Ho,Kim, Hyun-Sung The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2005 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.38 No.2

Objective : The purposes of this study are to evaluate the efficacy of en bloc open-door laminoplasty and to investigate the validity of various factors as prognotic indicators in patients with multisegmental spondylotic myelopathy and ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament[OPLL]. Methods : The authors reviewed 43 cases in whom laminoplasty were performed for cervical myelopathy between January 2000 and December 2002. Clinical symptoms and results were evaluated using the Japanese Orthopaedic Association[JOA] scale. The recovery rate was calculated and then assessed for prognostic factors such as preoperative JOA scores, ages, history of previous trauma, duration of symptoms and signal change in cord on T2-weighted magnetic resonance Image. Results : In cervical stenosis, canal widening of antero-posterior diameter and dimension after laminoplasty is 4.16mm, $87.43mm^2$ and in OPLL is 6.20mm, $117.61mm^2$. In all cases there wasn't neurologic deterioration, mild postoperative complications developed in seven cases. Four patient had a limitation of range of neck motion and the other one showed kyphotic change and another two showed C5 radiculopathy. The recovery rate of JOA score in cervical stenosis and OPLL was 62% and 68% respectively. Duration of symptoms, the severity[preoperative JOA score], and signal change in cord on T2-weighted magnetic resonance image had close relationship to the clinical outcomes. Conclusion : Unilateral en bloc laminoplasty is simultaneous expansile and decompressive method. And preoperative JOA score, symptom duration and high signal intensity on T2-weighted magnetic resonance image can be used to predict prognosis.

Mechanical Properties of Aluminum/Polypropylene/Aluminum Sandwich Sheets

Shin Kwang Seon,Kim, Kee Joo,Choi, Suk Woo,Rhee Meung Ho 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 1999 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.5 No.6

The aluminum/polypropylene/aluminum (Al/PP/Al) sandwich sheets have been developed for potential application of these materials for automotive body panels in future high performance automobiles with significant weight reduction. The tensile properties of the Al/PP/Al sandwich sheets were examined in the present study as well as those of the aluminum skin and the polypropylene core at room and elevated temperatures. It was found that the sandwich sheet with hard skin and low volume fraction of the polypropylene core showed the highest tensile strength, whereas that with soft skin and high volume fraction of the polypropylene core showed the lowest strength. The sandwich sheet with hard skin showed much smaller work hardening rate than that with soft skin. All sandwich sheets showed serration phenomena on their flow curves. However, the magnitude of serration was significantly diminished in the sandwich sheet with high volume fraction of polypropylene core. The tensile strength of the sandwich sheet was compared with that calculated from the rule of mixture based on the tensile strengths of the aluminum skin and the polypropylene core. The results showed that there were good agreements between the experimentally obtained values and the calculated values. From the tensile tests at elevated temperatures, it was found that the tensile strength of the sandwich sheet with high volume fraction of polypropylene core was more sensitive to temperature than that with low volume fraction of polypropylene core. During tensile deformation of the sandwich sheet, it was found that fracture first took place in the aluminum skin and then in the polypropylene core and at the interface. The interface strength was found to be strong enough to avoid premature debonding at the interface before fracture took place in the entire sandwich sheet.

막걸리의 저장성에 미치는 분자량별 및 형태별 키토산의 영향

신아가,정유경,이예경,강명수,노홍균,김순동,Shin, A-Ga,Jung, Yoo-Kyung,Lee, Ye-Kyung,Kang, Meung-Soo,No, Hong-Kyoon,Kim, Soon-Dong 한국해양바이오학회 2006 한국해양바이오학회지 Vol.1 No.4

물에 용해한 수용성 ${\alpha}$-chitosan (1, 8, 22, 43, 67, 616 kDa)과 ${\alpha}$-chitosan (282, 440, 746, 1,110, 2,025 kDa) 및 ${\beta}$-chitosan (577 kDa)의 chitosan-ascorbate(CA)를 막걸리에 chitosan량으로 0.002% 농도로 첨가하여 $25^{\circ}C$에 저장하면서 pH, 산도, 효모수, 세균수, 당도 및 알코올농도 변화를 조사하여 보존성을 평가하였다. 막걸리에 CA를 0.001, 0.002 및 0.003% 농도로 첨가한 결과 0.003% 이상에서는 떫은맛이 강하여 본 실험에서는 0.002% 농도로 첨가하였다. 그 결과, chitosan 무처리 막걸리는 저장 6일째에 pH 및 산도가 각각 3.9~4.3 및 0.4~0.7%의 범위로 나타났으며 후 발효가 지속적으로 진행되었다. 6일째 이후는 산의 생성과 alcohol 농도가 급격하게 감소하였으며, 초산발효가 병행되었고 막걸리 용기표면에 외관적으로 볼 수 있는 미생물이 번식하였다. 대부분의 수용성 및 산가용성 ${\alpha}$-chitosan은 대조구와 뚜렷한 차이를 보이지 않았으나 22 kDa의 ${\alpha}$-chitosan과 440 kDa의 ${\alpha}$-chitosan-ascorbate는 저장 18일째까지 pH는 각각 3.80~4.20 및 3.60~4.31의 범위였으며 산도는 0.4~0.6% 및 0.4~0.7% 범위로 타 처리구에 비하여 변화의 폭이 낮았다. 또한 효모수와 세균수가 상대적으로 낮을 뿐만 아니라 알코올농도의 감소율도 낮았으며 용기표면에 번식하는 미생물이 발생되지 않았고 관능검사결과 가식기간이 약 일주간 연장되었다. Effects of the molecular weight and type of chitosans on shelf-life of Makkulli were evaluated during 18 days of storage at $25^{\circ}C$. Two types of chitosans were studied: ${\alpha}$-chitosans with 11 different molecular weights (water-soluble, Mw = 1, 8, 22, 43, 67 and 616 kDa; acid-soluble, Mw = 282, 440, 746, 1,110 and 2,025 kDa) and ${\beta}$-chitosan (acid-soluble, Mw = 577 kDa). Acid-soluble chitosans were applied as a form of chitosan-ascorbate. All chitosans were added to Makkulli at 0.002% concentration, the optimum concentration established in a preliminary test. Among 12 chitosans, the ${\alpha}$-chitosans with 22 and 440 kDa exhibited stronger antimicrobial effects than did other ${\alpha}$- and ${\beta}$-chitosans. The results for pH, acidity, alcohol concentration, viable cell counts, and sensory evaluation suggested that addition of ${\alpha}$-chitosans with 22 and 440 kDa increased the shelf-life of Makkulli by almost 1 week at $25^{\circ}C$ compared with that of control (without chitosan) and other chitosan-added groups. Extension of Makkulli shelf-life by 1 week is fairly significant in view of the magnitude of the total amount of Makkulli produced in Korea.

기가비트 VPN 게이트웨이의 성능시험을 위한 고속 패킷 생성기 개발

윤철환(Chul-hwan Yoon),김종명(Jong-meung Kim),나종화(Jong-whoa Na),신승중(Seung-jung Shin),류대현(Dae-hyun Ryu) 한국통신학회 2003 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2003 No.7

The Inhibitory Effects of Cannabinoids of Cannabis Against Human Skin Melanoma Cells

이기남,김명신,백승화,Lee Ki-Nam,Kim Meung-Shin,Back Seung-Hwa Society of Preventive Korean Medicine 1998 대한예방한의학회지 Vol.2 No.1

제라니올 (1), 올리비톨 (2), 카나비노이드 (3 과 4)와 5-플로르우라실 (5)을 MTT 정량분석법과 SRB 정량분석법으로 인체 피부흑색종세포에 대하여 성장 억제효과를 평가 하였다. 이들 화합물(1, 2, 3, 4와 5)은 마이크로 몰 농도의 범위에 대하여 억제 활성을 나타내었다. 일반적으로 이들 화합물은 $1{\mu}M\;-\;100{\mu}M$ 농도범위에서는 투여량에 따라 항암활성을 나타내었다. 인체 피부흑색종세포에 대한 이들 화합물의 50 %억제 농도 효과에 대한 비교는 다음과 같은 순서로 항암활성이 감소하였다. MTT 정량분석법 ; OLVTL >CBG > CBD > 5-FU >GRNL, SRB 정량 분석법 ; CBG > OLVTL > CBD > CRNL > 5-FU, 카나비노이드 (3 과 4)와 5-플로르우라실 (5)을 MTT정량분석법과 SRB정량분석법으로 인체정상세포에 대하여 독성효과를 측정하였다. 이들 화합물은 마이크로몰농도의 농도범위에서는 투여량에 따라 세포독성을 보였다. 인체정상세포에 대한 이들 화합물의 50 % 독성효과에 대한 비교는 다음과 같은 순서로 세포독성이 감소하였다. MTT정량분석법과 SRB정량분석법 ; CBD > 5-FU > CBG. 따라서 카나비지놀 (3)은 인체정상세포에 대하여 가장 낮은 세포독성을 나타내었다. 따라서 카나비지놀 (3)은 인체 피부흑색종세포에 대하여 가장 강한 성장억제활성을 보였다. Geraniol (1), olivetol (2), cannabinoids (3 and 4) and 5-fluorou.a.il (5). were tested for their growth inhibitory effects against SK-MEL-3 cell lines using two different 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol- 2yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and sulforhodamine B protein (SRB) assay. These compounds showed inhibitory activity in vitro in the micromolar range against SK-MEL-3 cell lines. In general, the antitumor activity of these compounds (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5) was in a dose-dependent over the micromolar concentration range $1\;to\;100{\mu}M$. The comparison of $IC_{50}$ values of these compounds in tumor cell lines shows that their susceptibility to these compounds decrease in the following order : OLVTL > CBG > CBD > 5-FU > CRNL in MTT assay, CBG > OLVTL > CBD > GRNL > 5-FU in SRB assay. Cannabinoids (3 and 4) and 5-fluorouracil (5) were tested for their cytotoxic effects on NIH 373 fibroblasts using two different MTT assay and SRB assay. These compounds exhibited potent cytotoxic activities in vitro in the micromolar range against NIH 373 fibroblasts. In general, the cytotoxic activities of these compounds (3, 4 and 5) were in a dose-dependent over the micromolar concentration range $1\;to\;100{\mu}M$. The comparison of $CD_{50}$ values of these compounds on NIH 373 fibroblasts shows that their susceptibility to these compounds decrease on the following order ; CBD > 5-FU > CBG in MTT assay and SRB assay. Cannabigerol (3) was shown the least cytotoxic activity on NIH 373 fibroblasts. Cannabigerol (3) exhibited the most growth-inhibitory activity against SK-MEL-3 cell lines.