발달장애학생을 위한 웹기반 의사소통능력신장 프로그램의 개발과 적용 사례

김동현,유영환,김좌중,천경철,이청용,김봉수 국립특수교육원 2005 연구보고서 Vol.- No.10

발달장애학생의 의사소통능력은 단순한 언어문제 이상의 의미를 지닌다. 의사소통능력은 모든 학습의 기초가 되고 결국 인간의 삶의 질을 좌우하게 하는 중요한 요소가 되고 있기 때문에 의사소통능력에 문제가 많은 발달장애학생에게 있어서 의사소통능력 신장은 매우 중요하다. 발달장애학생의 언어 및 의사소통능력의 결함은 사회적 결함과 인지적 결함에 상호 관련성이 있어 다른 사람으로부터의 의사소통을 이해하는 능력과 자신의 생각을 표현하는 능력이 제한되어 다른 사람과의 상호관계를 맺는데 어려움이 많았다. 따라서 발달장애학생의 언어지도는 생활 장면에서 교수하는 것이 가장 바람직하다고 하겠다. 그러나 지금까지 주로 활용된 전통적인 언어지도 방법은 어휘를 증가시키고, 발화의 길이를 널리는 데는 효과가 있었지만, 학습된 내용을 생활 장면에서의 일반화에는 문제점이 있는 것으로 지적되고 있다. 발달장애학생의 언어지도 방법은 일상생활 속에서 학습 내용을 선정하고 이를 실생활 장면 혹은 이와 유사한 환경에서 효과적으로 지도할 수 있는 적절한 교수 방법이 필요하다. 그래서 발달장애학생의 의사소통능력 신장을 위한 환경중심 언어지도 방법을 활용한 웹(Web)기반 언어지도 프로그램을 개발하였다. 웹(Web)기반 언어지도 프로그램은 제7차 특수학교 기본교육과정과 국립특수교육원에서 발간한 ‘발달장애학생의 언어교육 프로그램(1998)’ 분석을 통하여 개인 · 가정생활, 학교 · 사회생활, 경제 · 여가생활 등의 6개 영역으로 구분하여 각 영역별 학습주제를 선정하였으며, 학습주제에 대한 학습의 진행 형태는 학습목표, 낱말학습, 상황학습, 평가로 진행할 수 있도록 하였으나, 학습자의 현재 수행 능력을 고려하여 능력에 따른 진행의 절차를 학습자가 선택할 수 있게 하였다. 본 프로그램을 적용해본 결과 다음과 같은 교육적인 효과를 얻을 수 있었다. 첫째, 웹을 활용한 가상체험을 통하여 적극적이고 흥미 있는 참여를 유도하며, 학습자 중심의 주도적인 학습과 안내자, 촉진자로서의 교사의 역할을 통해 발달장애학생의 의사소통 능력을 신장시킬 수 있었다. 둘째, 교실에서 이루어지는 지금까지의 수업방식을 탈피하여 학습자가 언제, 어디서나, 누구든지 학습할 수 있는 열린 학습체제의 교육환경을 조성할 수 있었다. 셋째, 문자정보, 그래픽, 애니메이션, 사진, 음성, 비디오 등 다양한 형태의 정보가 상호대화 형식으로 활용되며, 수준별 반복학습을 실시함으로써 교수-학습 방법의 개선뿐만 아니라 양질의 수업을 진행하는데 도움을 줄 수 있었다. 본 프로그램을 활용한 언어지도가 발달장애학생의 의사소통능력 신장을 위한 최선의 방법이라고 말할 수는 없으며, 언어지도의 한 가지 방법이라고 말할 수 있다. 따라서 본 프로그램의 활용한 언어지도는 학교에서 교사가 학생의 능력과 흥미를 고려하여 지도한다면 발달장애 학생의 의사소통능력 신장에 많은 도움이 될 것이다. The developmental disability of the metal handicapped children means more than simple linguistic problem. The developmental disability is the base of all the learning and important factor which decides the happiness of the human being finally, so the extension of mutual understanding ability is so important, in the case of the metal handicapped children who have a problem of the mutual understanding ability. In the case of the metal handicapped children, the defects of the mutual understanding and linguistic ability are related with the social defect and the defect of recognition, and the ability of understanding about mutual relations with other people and self-expression ability are limited. So they have many problems in mutual relations with other people. Therefore, the linguistic instruction of the metal handicapped children is recommended to be done in the living. But, the traditional linguistic instruction which's used mainly as yet, is effective in increase of a vocabulary and the length of a locutionary act, but it has a problem in the popularization of the learning in the real life. The method of the linguistic instruction for the metal handicapped children, should be selected as contents in the real life, and the right learning method which can be done under the real life or the similar environment with it, is needed. Because of the above realities, the linguistic teaching web-based program is developed, using the linguistic instruction which is focused on the environment, for the extension of the mutual understanding ability of the metal handicapped children. In the linguistic teaching web-based program, it is divided with 6 field (personal · home life, school · social life, economical · leisure life) and the educational subject classified by each field is selected, by the analysis of 'The linguistic educational program for the children who have developmental disability' published by the 7th basic education course of special school and the national special education organization. Besides, the progress form of learning about the educational subject is directed by educational goal, word learning, situation learning and valuation, but a learner can choose a procedure followed by ability, regarding to his accomplishment ability. As the result of the application of this program, the educational effects that we could get are the following : 1. We could lead a positive and interesting participation by virtual experience through WEB, and the communication ability of the metal handicapped children was extended by a role of a teacher, as a guide and promoter and a leading learning focused on a learner. 2. The teaching method which is done in school now, is dismissed and we could form the educational environment of the learning system that a learner could learn, without distinction of time, a place and a person. 3. The various form of information, like text, graphic, animation, photo, sound, video and so on, is applied as a form of communication. Therefore, the program was useful in not only the improvement of the teaching-learning method, but also the proceeding of the effective lesson. The linguistic teaching which use this program, can not be the best method of the extension of the mutual understanding ability and it's just one method of linguistic teaching. if the linguistic teaching which use this program is conducted, regarding to a ability and a interest of a student, it will be so useful in the extension of the mutual understanding ability, for the children who have developmental disability.

科學的 態度 및 興味를 爲한 學習方法 및 學習資料 開發에 關한 硏究

吳允謙,金英昊,左升元 濟州敎育大學 科學敎育硏究所 1977 科學敎育硏究誌 Vol.2 No.-

The purpose of this study is to lead learners to observe the natural objects and phenomena correctly, and set up practical examples of effective methods for the study of elementary science by the learners participating at positive activities in the study with absorbing interest. I have analysed the problems existing in the study of elementary science which is being progressed in the proper educational institutes upon my investigation of the study from the following points of view : 1. Learning method in elementary science which pupils are desirous of. 2. Constitution of school course requested in the study of elementary science 3. Interest of the pupi1s in their study of elementary science. 4. Response shown by the parents of the pupils ill their own study of elementary science. As the result of my analysis mentioned above, the followinig problems have been detected : 1. The further pupils advance in their study of the subject, the more they are interested in independent study of method, and the more they are desirous of individual experiment needed in its study. 2. Questions, instructions, and demonstrations given on the part of teachers have great influences on durability of the pupils' interest and concern in consequence of their teaching methods. 3. The result of my analysis shows 5,2% of the pupils are fond of the subject, and 22,3% of them are not; (N=578) the followings are the reasons shown in otation as described : a. Contents of the subject are hard to make out. b. Vast bulk of contents of the subject is unbearable. c. Scientific terms used in the subject are inintelligible. d. The subject is uninteresting. The reasons of their being fond of the subject are : a. They have chances of conducting experiments and observation on the subject. b. They can enjoy pleasure experiments on the subject. 4. The subject meets with little response on the part of the parents on the occasion of their own study of the subject, proving of little service to them. The reasons ascertained are : a. They lack understanding of the contents of the subject. (54.2%) b. They can hardly afford to prepare for research materials (36.2%) This shows the fact that we can hardly warrant any sanguine expectations regarding their home learning of the subject, The following are methods of teaching conducted practically in order to solve the abovementioned problems, the result of which got the Pupils interested intensively in their study of the subject, bring on a remarkable change in their learning attitude : 1. Teaching method by funny form style ( applied by the lesson, "Light and Shawdgw", 2nd Pear grae) 2. Teaching method by vigorous mannerr of acfivity in teaching (applied by the lesson, ('Eleectric Current and Magnetic Field, 6th year grade) a. Investigation of the pupils, readiness. b. Presentation of phenomena for independent study of the subject. 3. Teaching method by analysis of teaching materials.

Comparable efficacy of silk fibroin with the collagen membranes for guided bone regeneration in rat calvarial defects

Kim, Jwa-Young,Yang, Byoung-Eun,Ahn, Jin-Hee,Park, Sang O,Shim, Hye-Won The Korean Academy of Prosthodonitics 2014 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.6 No.6

PURPOSE. Silk fibroin (SF) is a new degradable barrier membrane for guided bone regeneration (GBR) that can reduce the risk of pathogen transmission and the high costs associated with the use of collagen membranes. This study compared the efficacy of SF membranes on GBR with collagen membranes (Bio-$Gide^{(R)}$) using a rat calvarial defect model. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Thirty-six male Sprague Dawley rats with two 5 mm-sized circular defects in the calvarial bone were prepared (n=72). The study groups were divided into a control group (no membrane) and two experimental groups (SF membrane and Bio-$Gide^{(R)}$). Each group of 24 samples was subdivided at 2, 4, and 8 weeks after implantation. New bone formation was evaluated using microcomputerized tomography and histological examination. RESULTS. Bone regeneration was observed in the SF and Bio-$Gide^{(R)}$-treated groups to a greater extent than in the control group (mean volume of new bone was $5.49{\pm}1.48mm^3$ at 8 weeks). There were different patterns of bone regeneration between the SF membrane and the Bio-$Gide^{(R)}$ samples. However, the absolute volume of new bone in the SF membrane-treated group was not significantly different from that in the collagen membrane-treated group at 8 weeks ($8.75{\pm}0.80$ vs. $8.47{\pm}0.75mm^3$, respectively, P=.592). CONCLUSION. SF membranes successfully enhanced comparable volumes of bone regeneration in calvarial bone defects compared with collagen membranes. Considering the lower cost and lesser risk of infectious transmission from animal tissue, SF membranes are a viable alternative to collagen membranes for GBR.

The relationship between autophagy, increased neutrophil extracellular traps formation and endothelial dysfunction in chronic kidney disease

Kim, Jwa-Kyung,Park, Mi Jin,Lee, Hoi Woul,Lee, Hyung Seok,Choi, Sun Ryoung,Song, Young Rim,Kim, Hyung Jik,Park, Hyeong-Cheon,Kim, Sung Gyun Elsevier 2018 Clinical immunology Vol.197 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In chronic kidney disease (CKD), the number of circulating neutrophils are increased, and this is usually accompanied by an increased basal activation state. However, the possible association between neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) with vascular complications has not been evaluated. We assessed the relationship between NETs, autophagy and endothelial dysfunction in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. NET formation, neutrophil elastase (NE) activities, and serum nucleosome levels were measured in MHD (<I>n</I> = 60) and controls (<I>n</I> = 20). Basal NET formation were markedly increased in MHD patient compared to controls. After PMA stimulation, MHD neutrophils showed significantly increased NETs formation response than controls. The degree of NETs was strongly associated with lower flow-mediated dilatation(%) of brachial artery even after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors and uremic toxins. Moreover, MHD neutrophils showed increased basal autophagy activity. Interestingly, the levels of NETs were markedly augmented after autophagy inhibition, suggesting a protective role of autophagy in excessive NET formation.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> In patients with CKD, NET formation is significantly increased, and it may directly contribute to endothelial dysfunction. </LI> <LI> Chronic uremia-associated increased autophagy activity could be an adaptive response. </LI> <LI> Blocking autophagy activities induced exaggerated NET release, suggesting a protective role of autophagy in CKD patients. </LI> </UL> </P>

Gamma-irradiation of Streptococcus pneumoniae for the use as an immunogenic whole cell vaccine

Jwa, Min Yong,Jeong, Soyoung,Ko, Eun Byeol,Kim, A Reum,Kim, Hyun Young,Kim, Sun Kyung,Seo, Ho Seong,Yun, Cheol-Heui,Han, Seung Hyun MICROBIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF KOREA 2018 JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY -SEOUL- Vol.56 No.8

Poster Session : PS 1052; Gastroenterology (Gastrointestinal Tract) ; A Case of Esophago Mediastinal Fistula Due to Tuberculous Mediastinal Lymphadenitis

( Jwa Hoon Kim ),( Do Hoon Kim ),( Hee Young Yoon ),( Ji Wan Lee ),( Hyung Woo Cho ),( Soo Min Jeung ),( Eun Jeong Gong ),( Hwoon Yong Jung ),( Jin Ho Kim ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

Tuberculosis rarely involves the esophagus, and the most esophageal tuberculosis occurs secondary to adjacent tuberculous lymphadenitis. Esophago-mediastinal fi stula is very rare complication of tuberculous lymphadenitis. A 28-year-old, previously healthy female visited the outside hospital due to nausea, vomiting, and fever. Chest CT(Computed tomography) showed enlargement of multiple, mediastinal lymph nodes with air density in the mediastinum, and thus suggesting an esophago-mediastinal fi stula. Esophagogram showed the extraluminal contrast leakage in cervical esophagus. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy(EGD) showed the deep ulcer with the fi stula opening at 24cm from the upper incisor teeth. Tuberculosis(Tb) polymerase chain reaction(PCR) on the sputum was positive. A biopsy of the right subclavian lymph node revealed necrotizing granuloma with Tb PCR positive. We diagnosed as tuberculous mediastinal lymphadenitis with esophago-mediastinal fi stula. The referring doctor failed to close the fi stula by endoscopic clipping. Therefore, we decided to use anti-Tb medications to treat fi stula via gastrostomy, because of severe nausea and vomiting. After four weeks, EGD and esophagogram showed that the fi stula opening was closed. The present case highlights the importance of anti-Tb medications in treatment of esophago-mediastinal fi stula due to tuberculous mediastinal lymphadenitis. n.

Inorganic- and Total-N Contents and Expression of N Assimilation Genes in Tomato Leaves under Various N Conditions

Jwa-Kyung Sung(성좌경),Ye-Jin Lee(이예진),Rog-Young Kim(김록영),Ju-Young Lee(이주영),Jong-Sik Lee(이종식),Byoung-Choon Jang(장병춘),Tae-Wan Kim(김태완),Beom-Heon Song(송범헌) 한국토양비료학회 2010 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2010 No.10

Glutamate and GABA concentrations in the cerebellum of novel ataxic mutant Pogo mice

Young-Gil Jeong,Nam-Seob Lee,Bum-Kyeong Kim,Geun-jwa Lee,Il-Kwon Park,Ki-Hyung Kim,Yoshihiro Fukui,Kazuhiko Sawada,현병화,Sun-Kyung Kim,김철태,Seung-Hyuk Chung,Jeoung-Hee Ha 대한수의학회 2003 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.4 No.3

The Pogo mouse is an autosomal recessive ataxic mutant that arose spontaneously in the inbred KJR/MsKist strain derived originally from Korean wild mice. The ataxic phenotype is characterized by difficulty in maintaining posture and side to side stability, faulty coordination between limbs and trunk, and the consequent inability to walk straight. In the present study, the cerebellar concentrations of glutamate and GABA were analyzed, since glutamate is a most prevalent excitatory neurotransmitter whereas γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is one of the most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitters, which may be the main neurotransmitters related with the ataxia and epilepsy. The concentration of glutamate of cerebellum decreased significantly in ataxic mutant Pogo mouse compared to those of control mouse. However, GABA concentration was not decrease. These results suggested that the decrease in glutamate concentration may contribute to ataxia in mutant Pogo mouse.

Innovative reverse-electrodialysis power generation system for carbon capture and utilization

Kim, Hanki,Kim, Young-Eun,Jeong, Nam-Jo,Hwang, Kyo-Sik,Han, Ji-Hyung,Nam, Joo-Youn,Jwa, Eunjin,Nam, Sung-Chan,Park, Sung-Youl,Yoon, Yeo-Il,Kim, Chan-Soo Elsevier 2017 Journal of CO2 Utilization Vol.20 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Global warming has become a serious threat biosphere and effective measures are required to mitigate its intensification. To this end, carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) is a promising technology, while post-combustion capture (PCC) has been developed from CCS. However, an energy penalty during the regeneration step of the CO<SUB>2</SUB> absorbent has remained a critical problem. In the present study, a lab-scale test was conducted on carbon capture with reverse-electrodialysis (CCRED) to evaluate its potential to overcome the technical and economic drawbacks of CCS and RED. The results show that a normalized peak power density of 1W/m<SUP>2</SUP>, equal to 328.6kJ/kgCO<SUB>2</SUB>, could be obtained. The peak power density was 2000-fold higher than that in previous studies. By utilizing CO<SUB>2</SUB> as an energy source in CCRED, this novel process can compensate for the energy penalty in conventional CCS.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Lab-scale carbon capture with reverse-electrodialysis (CCRED) test was conducted to overcome the drawbacks of CCS and RED. </LI> <LI> Normalized peak power density of 1W/m<SUP>2</SUP>, equal to 328.6kJ/kgCO<SUB>2</SUB>, could be obtained from lab-scale CCRED unit. </LI> <LI> The peak power density was 2000-folded higher than in previous studies. </LI> </UL> </P>

Increased Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation in Uremia Is Associated with Chronic Inflammation and Prevalent Coronary Artery Disease

Kim, Jwa-Kyung,Hong, Chang-won,Park, Mi Jin,Song, Young Rim,Kim, Hyung Jik,Kim, Sung Gyun Hindawi 2017 Journal of immunology research Vol.2017 No.-

<P><I>Background.</I> Neutrophils are involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis by neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation. We hypothesized that the NET formation of neutrophils might be changed in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients, explaining their higher incidence of coronary artery diseases (CAD). <I>Method.</I> A cross-sectional study was performed in 60 maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients, 30 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals (HV, negative control), and 30 patients with acute infection (positive control). Neutrophil activation and function were measured with reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity, degranulation, NET formation, and phenotypical changes. <I>Result.</I> Compared with HV, neutrophils extracted from MHD patients displayed significantly increased levels of basal NET formation, ROS production, and degranulation, suggesting spontaneous activation in uremia. Also, an increase in citrullinated histone H3 was detected in this group compared to the HV. And neutrophils from HV were normal CD16<SUP>bright</SUP>/CD62L<SUP>bright</SUP> cells; however, neutrophils from MHD were CD16<SUP>bright</SUP>/CD62L<SUP>dim</SUP>, similar to those from patients with acute infections. Interestingly, multivariate analyses identified the prevalent CAD and neutrophil counts as independent determinants of baseline NET formation (<I>β</I> = 0.323, <I>p</I> = 0.016 and <I>β</I> = 0.369, <I>p</I> = 0.006, resp.). <I>Conclusions.</I> Uremia-associated-increased NET formation may be a sign of increased burden of atherosclerosis.</P>