Controller Backup and Replication for Reliable Multi-domain SDN

( Junli Mao ),( Lishui Chen ),( Jiacong Li ),( Yi Ge ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2020 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.14 No.12

Software defined networking (SDN) is considered to be one of the most promising paradigms in the future. To solve the scalability and performance problem that a single and centralized controller suffers from, the distributed multi-controller architecture is adopted, thus forms multi-domain SDN. In a multi-domain SDN network, it is of great importance to ensure a reliable control plane. In this paper, we focus on the reliability problem of multi-domain SDN against controller failure from perspectives of backup controller deployment and controller replication. We firstly propose a placement algorithm for backup controllers, which considers both the reliability and the cost factors. Then a controller replication mechanism based on shared data storage is proposed to solve the inconsistency between the active and standby controllers. We also propose a shared data storage layout method that considers both reliability and performance. Besides, a fault recovery and repair process is designed based on the controller backup and shared data storage mechanism. Simulations show that our approach can recover and repair controller failure. Evaluation results also show that the proposed backup controller placement approach is more effective than other methods.

Expression of HMGB1 and its Clinical Significance in T-cell Lymphoma

Mao, Xing-Jiang,Wang, Geng-Fu,Chen, Zhi-Jun,Wang, Li-Na,Zhang, Jun-Biao,Wang, Hui-Ling Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.11

Objectives: To evaluate the clinical significance of HMGB1 expression in T-cell lymphoma. Methods: Immunohistochemical staining for HMGB1 and survivin was performed with specimens from 120 cases of T-cell lymphoma and 40 cases of reactive lymphoid hyperplasia with antibodies against human HMGB1 and survivin. Results: The expression of HMGB1 and survivin was significantly higher in tissues of T-cell lymphoma than in reactive lymphoid hyperplasia. Positive expression of HMGB1 and survivin was observed in 63.7% (65/102) and 61.8% (63/102) of T-cell lymphoma cases, respectively. While was associated with gender, age, and tumor location, significant correlations with malignancy and clinical stage were observed. Spearman rank correlation analysis revealed that the expression of HMGB1 and survivin was positively correlated in T-cell lymphomas (P<0.01). Conclusions: Expression of HMGB1 and survivin in T-cell lymphomas is significantly associated with malignancy and clinical stage, but not with gender, age and tumor location. Elevated expression of HMGB1 may be an important biomarker for the development and progression of T-cell lymphoma.

Ruin probabilities in the risk model with two compound Binomial processes

Mao-Jun Zhang,Jiang-Xia Nan,Sen Wang 한국전산응용수학회 2008 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.26 No.1

In this paper, we consider an insurance risk model governed by a compound Binomial arrival claim process and by a compound Binomial arrival premium process. Some formulas for the probabilities of ruin and the distribution of ruin time are given, we also prove the integral equation of the ultimate ruin probability and obtain the Lundberg inequality by the discrete martingale approach.

RUIN PROBABILITIES IN THE RISK MODEL WITH TWO COMPOUND BINOMIAL PROCESSES

Zhang, Mao-Jun,Nan, Jiang-Xia,Wang, Sen Korean Society of Computational and Applied Mathem 2008 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.26 No.1

In this paper, we consider an insurance risk model governed by a compound Binomial arrival claim process and by a compound Binomial arrival premium process. Some formulas for the probabilities of ruin and the distribution of ruin time are given, we also prove the integral equation of the ultimate ruin probability and obtain the Lundberg inequality by the discrete martingale approach.

The Production and Cytological Analysis of Brassica napus-B Genome Chromosome Monosomic Addition Lines and Their Hybrids

Mao Teng Li,Jun Xiang,Jian Min Liu,Long Jiang Yu,Dian Rong Li 한국유전학회 2008 Genes & Genomics Vol.30 No.2

The Brassica napus-B genome monosomic addition lines (MALs) (AACC + B`, 2n = 39) were developed from self-pollination of pentaploid hybrids (AABCC) that were derived from hybridization between hexaploid hybrids (AABBCC) and B. napus (AACC). The alien chromosomes of the B genome in MALs were identified by the GISH technique, by observation of the meiotic behavior of pollen mother cells (PMCs), and by B-genome-specific molecular marker analysis. Studies of the meiotic behavior of B. napus-B genome chromosome MALs at diakinesis revealed that the majority of the chromosome configuration was 19II+1I, which indicated that the alien B genome chromosome remained univalent in most cases. The laggard-free PMCs also appeared at a lower ratio, which indicated that the B genome chromosome could be transmitted into gametes. The chromosome configurations of 20II and 19II+2I that appeared in double MALs (AACC+ 2 chromosomes of the B genome) indicated different homoeology between different B genome chromosomes. The paired B genome bivalent in double MALs can be normally segregated at anaphase in most cases. PMCs with multivalents were observed in all the double MAL combinations, which indicated homology of the B genome chromosomes with the A or C genome chromosomes.

Redshift‐space distortion of the 21‐cm background from the epoch of reionization – I. Methodology re‐examined

Mao, Yi,Shapiro, Paul R.,Mellema, Garrelt,Iliev, Ilian T.,Koda, Jun,Ahn, Kyungjin Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2012 MONTHLY NOTICES- ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY Vol.422 No.2

<P><B>ABSTRACT</B></P><P>The peculiar velocity of the intergalactic gas responsible for the cosmic 21‐cm background from the epoch of reionization and beyond introduces an anisotropy in the three‐dimensional power spectrum of brightness temperature fluctuations. Measurement of this anisotropy by future 21‐cm surveys is a promising tool for separating cosmology from 21‐cm astrophysics. However, previous attempts to model the signal have often neglected peculiar velocity or only approximated it crudely. This paper re‐examines the effects of peculiar velocity on the 21‐cm signal in detail, improving upon past treatment and addressing several issues for the first time. (1) We show that even the <I>angle‐averaged</I> power spectrum, <I>P</I>(<I>k</I>), is affected significantly by the peculiar velocity. (2) We re‐derive the brightness temperature dependence on atomic hydrogen density, spin temperature, peculiar velocity and its gradient and redshift to clarify the roles of thermal versus velocity broadening and finite optical depth. (3) We show that properly accounting for finite optical depth eliminates the unphysical divergence of the 21‐cm brightness temperature in overdense regions of the intergalactic medium found by previous work that employed the usual optically thin approximation. (4) We find that the approximation made previously to circumvent the diverging brightness temperature problem by capping the velocity gradient can misestimate the power spectrum on all scales. (5) We further show that the observed power spectrum in redshift space remains finite <I>even</I> in the optically thin approximation if one properly accounts for the redshift‐space distortion. However, results that take full account of finite optical depth show that this approximation is only accurate in the limit of high spin temperature. (6) We also show that the linear theory for redshift‐space distortion widely employed to predict the 21‐cm power spectrum results in a ∼30 per cent error in the observationally relevant wavenumber range <I>k</I>∼ 0.1–1 <I>h</I> Mpc<SUP>−1</SUP>, when strong ionization fluctuations exist (e.g. at the 50 per cent ionized epoch). We derive an alternative, quasi‐linear formulation which improves upon the accuracy of the linear theory. (7) We describe and test two numerical schemes to calculate the 21‐cm signal from reionization simulations to incorporate peculiar velocity effects in the optically thin approximation accurately, by real‐ to redshift‐space re‐mapping of the H <SMALL>i</SMALL> density. One is particle based, the other grid based, and while the former is most accurate, we demonstrate that the latter is computationally more efficient and can be optimized so as to achieve sufficient accuracy.</P>

Delivery of siRNA with Polymeric Nanoparticles for Cancer Therapy

Jun Wang,Tian-Meng Sun,Jin-Zhi Du,Cheng-Qiong Mao 한국고분자학회 2011 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2011 No.1

Potential Antitumor Activity of SIM-89 in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells

Jun Pei,Baohui Han,Tianqing Chu,Minhua Shao,Jiajun Teng,Huifang Sha,Aiqing Gu,Rong Li,Jialin Qian,Weifeng Mao,Ying Li 연세대학교의과대학 2017 Yonsei medical journal Vol.58 No.3

Purpose: c-Met and its ligand, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), play a critical role in oncogenesis and metastatic progression. The aim of this study was to identify inhibited enzymogram and to test the antitumor activity of SIM-89 (a c-Met receptor tyrosine kinaseinhibitor) in non-small cell lung cancer. Materials and Methods: Z’-LYTE kinase assay was employed to screen the kinase enzymogram, and mechanism of action (MOA) analysis was used to identify the inhibited kinases. Cell proliferation was then analyzed by CCK8 assay, and cell migration was determinedby transwell assay. The gene expression and the phosphorylation of c-Met were examined by realtime-PCR and western blotting, respectively. Finally, the secretion of HGF was detected by ELISA assay. Results: c-Met, activated protein kinase (AMPK), and tyrosine kinase A (TRKA) were inhibited by SIM-89 with the IC50 values of 297 nmol/L, 1.31 μmol/L, and 150.2 nmol/L, respectively. SIM-89 exerted adenosine triphosphate (ATP) competitive inhibition on c-Met. Moreover, the expressions of STAT1, JAK1, and c-Met in H460 cells were decreased by SIM-89 treatment, and c-Met phosphorylationwas suppressed in A549, H441, H1299, and B16F10 cells by the treatment. In addition, SIM-89 treatment significantly decreased the level of HGF, which accounted for the activation of c-Met receptor tyrosine kinase. Finally, we showed cell proliferationinhibition and cell migration suppression in H460 and H1299 cells after SIM-89 treatment. Conclusion: In conclusion, SIM-89 inhibits tumor cell proliferation, migration and HGF autocrine, suggesting it’s potential antitumoractivity.

A κ-Carrageenase from a Newly Isolated Pseudoalteromonas-like Bacterium, WZUC10

Mao-hong Zhou,Jian-she Ma,Jun Li,Hai-ren Ye,Ke-xin Huang,Xiao-wei Zhao 한국생물공학회 2008 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.13 No.5

A bacterial strain able to produce k-carrageenase, designated WZUC10, was isolated from a live specimen of the red alga Plocamium telfairiae collected in the East China Sea. The phylogenetic evidence and phenotypic features indicate that this strain belongs to the genus Pseudoalteromonas. WZUC10 requires NaCl for growth and k-carrageenan to induce k-carrageenase synthesis; galactose and lactose do not induce it. The optimal growth temperature is 23~27°C. The secreted enzyme, which has a molecular mass of 45 kDa, breaks down k-carrageenan into k-neocarratetraose sulfate and larger oli-gosaccharides with a repeating β-D-Galp4S-(1→4)-α-D-AnGalp structure, but cannot degrade k-neocarratetraose sulfate or k-neocarrahexaose sulfate into k-neocarrabiose sulfate. The enzyme retains 90% of its activity after 2 h at 40°C and is com-pletely inactivated after 7.5 min at 70°C. The enzyme’s optimal temperature is 30°C and its optimal pH is 7.5. The enzyme-catalyzed reaction follows Michaelis-Menten kinetics, with the Michaelis constant (Km) and the turnover number (k) being 0.015 mM and 125 s-¹, respectively. WZUC10 produces 50 U/mL k-carrageenase after cultivation at 25°C for 35 h on a me-dium containing 80 g/L glucose, 5 g/L corn steep liquor, 3 g/L k-carrageenan, and 15 g/L NaCl. k-Neocarratetraose sulfate was prepared simply with precipitation by ethanol:water (5:1, v/v).

Melting and Casting Processes : INDUCTION MELTING OF SEMICONDUCTOR SILICON WITHOUT A CRUCIBLE

Jun Zhang,Xiemin Mao,Hongquan Wen,Hengzhi Fu 대한금속재료학회 ( 구 대한금속학회 ) 1995 Advanced Material and Processing Vol.1 No.-