Surgical Outcomes of Multilevel Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion versus Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion for the Correction of Adult Spinal Deformity: A Comparative Clinical Study

Iwamae Masayoshi,Matsumura Akira,Namikawa Takashi,Kato Minori,Hori Yusuke,Yabu Akito,Sawada Yuta,Noriaki Hidaka,Nakamura Hiroaki 대한척추외과학회 2020 Asian Spine Journal Vol.14 No.4

Study Design: A retrospective case control study.Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the surgical outcomes of multilevel lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LIF) and multilevel posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) in the surgical treatment of adult spinal deformity (ASD) and to evaluate the sagittal plane correction by combining LIF with posterior-column osteotomy (PCO).Overview of Literature: The surgical outcomes between multilevel LIF and multilevel PLIF in ASD patients remain unclear.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 31 ASD patients who underwent multilevel LIF combined with PCO (LIF group, n=14) or multilevel PLIF (PLIF group, n=17) and with a minimum 2-year follow-up. In the comparison between LIF and PLIF groups, their mean age at surgery was 69.4 vs. 61.8 years while the mean follow-up period was 29.2 vs. 59.3 months. We evaluated the transition of pelvic incidence–lumbar lordosis (PI–LL) and disc angle (DA) in the LIF group, in fulcrum backward bending (FBB), after LIF and after posterior spinal fusion (PSF) with PCO. The spinopelvic radiographic parameters were compared between LIF and PLIF groups.Results: Compared with the PLIF group, the LIF group had less blood loss and comparable surgical outcomes with respect to radiographic data, health-related quality of life scores and surgical time. In the LIF group, the mean DA and PI–LL were unchanged after LIF (DA, 5.8°; PI–LL, 15°) compared with the values using FBB (DA, 4.3°; PI–LL, 15°) and improved significantly after PSF with PCO (DA, 8.1°; PI–LL, 0°).Conclusions: In the surgical treatment of ASD, multilevel LIF is less invasive than multilevel PLIF and combination of LIF and PCO would be necessary for optimal sagittal correction in patients with rigid deformity.

Polarization of Female Workers and Social Exclusion in Japan

Iwama Akiko 한국사회학회 2017 한국사회학회 사회학대회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.12

Magnetic Domain Observation of FePt/Fe/Au/FePt Multilayer Films

H. Iwama,S. Matsumoto,K. Sato,T. Shima 한국자기학회 2010 한국자기학회 학술연구발표회 논문개요집 Vol.2010 No.12

Development of a Human Detecting System Based on Three-Dimensional Point Cloud

Yushi Iwama,Yoshinobu Ando 제어로봇시스템학회 2016 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2016 No.10

In this paper, we present a human detecting system based on three-dimensional(3D) point cloud by discriminating between human and other objects by using range sensor. Although the shape of same objects seen from a sensor according to the difference of distance between the object and a sensor, we divided some areas in the vicinity of a sensor (about 0.3m~5m) by the difference of distance. Then, we set different detecting conditions in every area. Moreover, we measured shape of human and formulated the detecting condition partly, then we regulated it through experiment in order to detect human regardless of direction of its body. Finally, we tested the system of human detection through some experiments, then we verified its effectiveness even if the height and the place where human is detected are different. This paper details the method we propose and gives some experimental results to verify its effectiveness.

Time to Think Big: Japan’s Surprising Response to the War in Ukraine

Yoko Iwama 동아시아재단 2022 Global Asia Vol.17 No.2

韓国の継承日本語教育活動の実態と支援課題 ー自助グループの運営形態に関する考察をもとにー

이와마아키코 ( Iwama Akiko ),오이카와히로에 ( Oikawa Hiroe ) 한국일어일문학회 2021 日語日文學硏究 Vol.116 No.-

본고는 국제결혼으로 인해 다문화가정 자녀로서 한국 국내에서 거주하는 아이들을 대상으로 운영하는 계승일본어자조그릅을 고찰하여 국내 그릅의 특징과 그릅에 대한 지원 과제를 모색하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 일본 국내에서는 2019년 6월에 그러한 계승일본어학습자의 일본어 교육을 지원하는 ‘일본어 교육의 추진에 관한 법안(일본어교육추진법)’이 제정되어 지금 현재 전 세계에 분산하는 해외장기거주자에 대한 일본어교육을 어떻게 지원해 갈지에 대한 논의가 열리고 있다. 한국 국내에서는 2000년 이후 한일 국제결혼 커플이 증가함에 따라 2010년 전후부터 가정 밖에서 보호자가 지인들 등과 협조해서 봉사활동 개념으로 계승일본어교육활동을 하는 자조그룹이 전국각지에서 발생하였다. 본 연구는 그러한 자조그룹에 대해서 2016년부터 2년마다 실시한 총 3번의 설문조사를 토대로 그 운영형태에 초점을 두고 분석하여 국내 자조그릅의 특징을 살펴보았다. 그 결과 다음과 같은 세 가지 특징이 보인다. 첫째, 자조그릅 재적 학생 수의 증가와 연령대가 상하 양방향으로 확대함에 따라 한국 국내 지원기관을 이용하거나 역할을 자세히 나누는 등 보다 지속가능한 운영 형태를 모색하는 모습이 보인다. 둘째, 운영비에 대해서는 한국 국내에서 경제적, 물리적 지원을 받거나 활동 담당자(교사 등)에 대한 사례금을 지급하는 그룹이 증가하여 각 역할에 대한 책임과 부담을 분산하여 안정적인 운영을 시도하는 모습이 보인다. 셋 째, SNS를 이용하여 각 그룹 내부 연락망이 발달하였을 뿐만 아니라 2018년 당시까지는 외부에 대한 정보 노출을 피했던 그룹들이 관련 SNS이나 웹사이트 등을 통해 정보를 제공하는 단체가 증가하였다. 한편 그룹 규모가 확대하면서 운영 체계가 무너지는 것을 우려해서 더 이상 외부에 노출을 피하는 태도도 보였다. 위와 같은 결과는 국가 규모의 지원이 있거나 계승일본어화자가 2,3세대 이상이 되는 유럽이나 미주 등 배경이 다른 지역과는 또 다른 정부지원 과제가 있을 것이다. 특히 한국 국내에서는 지금까지 계승일본어교육에 대한 (일본 측에서) 국가 규모의 교육지원이 없었던 만큼 앞으로 그러한 자조그룹에 변화가 기대된다. 한국 국내에서 계승일본어교육활동 자조그룹들이 보다 원활하고 지속적인 운영이 이루어질 수 있도록, 또 계승어교육 관련 교육기관에 적절한 지원과제를 제시할 수 있도록 조사대상자나 조사대상 항목을 확대하며 후속 연구를 할 필요가 있을 것이다. In 2019, an Act on Promotion of Japanese Education (日本語の教育に関する法律) was put into effect and now people related to learners with a multilingual background are trying to figure out how to support heritage Japanese language learners covered by the law. In Korea, with an increase in the number of international marriages between Korean and Japanese, the issue of ‘Japanese as a heritage language (JHL)’ education to their children has been brought into focus since 2000. Among domestic JHL students, 97% of them are getting no educational support on their Japanese learning, and consequently, the mothers of those children find themselves both organizing and managing those groups in order to cater to their own children's language needs. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the management of community-based JHL groups in Korea in order to analyze the overall trend and unveil ways to support them under the newly enacted law. Through the surveys conducted in 2020, the following three characteristics have stood out. First, following the situation that the number of the children at each group is increasing and that the range of the childrens’ age is wide-spreading, the running members (mainly the parents of the children) of each community is trying to not only get more support from the Korean government but also the stability of the management situation. Third, twelve out of thirteen groups are mainly using SNS to interact with one another within each group and using websites or SNS to share information about the groups outside in public, which is a big leap from the 2016 survey. Still, running members are not proactively publicizing their information since the new members may interrupt and close-knit and mentality of the groups. For future studies, further research across Korea will be required to seek a concrete analysis on what kind of support needs to be implemented for effective, stable, and long-term management of community-based JHL groups both domestically and internationally.

Clinical Characteristics, Management, and Potential Biomarkers of Endocrine Dysfunction Induced by Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

Shintaro Iwama,Tomoko Kobayashi,Hiroshi Arima 대한내분비학회 2021 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.36 No.2

Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) affecting the endocrine glands are among the most frequent irAEs induced by immunecheckpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and include hypopituitarism, primary adrenal insufficiency, thyrotoxicosis, hypothyroidism, hypoparathyroidism, and type 1 diabetes mellitus. Since the incidence and clinical features of endocrine irAEs vary according to the ICI used,it is important to understand the characteristics of these irAEs and to manage each one appropriately. Since some endocrine irAEs,including adrenal crisis and diabetic ketoacidosis, are potentially life-threatening, predicting the risk of endocrine irAEs before theironset is critical. Several autoantibodies have been detected in patients who develop endocrine irAEs, among which anti-thyroid antibodies may be predictive biomarkers of thyroid dysfunction. In this review, we describe the clinical features of each endocrine irAEinduced by ICIs and discuss their potential biomarkers, including autoantibodies.

Optimum Zone Configuration Techniques for Microcellular Systems Using Array Antennas

Tsukasa Iwama 대한전자공학회 1996 대한전자공학회 워크샵 Vol.1996 No.-

Effect of Potato By-products Based Silage on Rumen Fermentation, Methane Production and Nitrogen Utilization in Holstein Steers

Pen, B.,Iwama, T.,Ooi, M.,Saitoh, T.,Kida, K.,Iketaki, T.,Takahashi, J.,Hidari, H. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2006 Animal Bioscience Vol.19 No.9

The effect of substituting potato by-products based silage (PBS) for concentrates on ruminal fermentation, methane production and nitrogen utilization in Holstein steers was evaluated. Three growing Holstein steers ($490{\pm}19kg$, initial body weight) were used in a $3{\times}3$ Latin square experiment with three experimental diets in which PBS was included at (1) 0, (2) 19 and (3) 27%, on a dry matter basis, replacing concentrates and wheat bran. Increasing replacement levels of PBS slightly increased dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), NDF and ADF intakes by the steers (p<0.05). Inclusion of PBS at 19% increased crude protein (CP) digestibility of the experimental diets compared with the control (p<0.05). Substitution with PBS increased ADF digestibility and nitrogen retention (p<0.05), but did not affect energy retention. Energy loss as methane ranged between 5.0 and 6.1% of the total gross energy intake. There were no significant differences in carbon dioxide and methane production among all PBS levels, while daily methane production numerically increased with PBS inclusion. Substituting PBS for concentrates did not significantly affect ruminal pH and ammonia N concentration. Total VFA concentration, VFA molar proportions and blood metabolites were also unaffected by PBS replacement. These results suggest that substitution of PBS up to 27% of diet dry matter did not significantly increase methane production and was equal or superior to concentrates in ADF digestibility and nitrogen retention for growing steers.

다문화사회 재활모델의 통합적 접근

Lim, H.,Iwama, M. K 국제다문화의사소통학회 2016 국제다문화의사소통학회 학술대회 Vol.2016 No.11