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Efficacy of VapormateTM, methyl bromide alternative fumigant, against Tetranychus urticae
Hyeon Kyu Jang,Hyun Sik Rho,Byung-Ho Lee,Chung Gyoo Park 한국응용곤충학회 2008 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.10
VapormateTM, the new gas formation of ethyl formate(EF) with carbon dioxide, is an MB(methyl bromide) alternative fumigant for grains and perishable commodities especially to control quarantine pest. To gain systematic efficacies of VapormateTM, vaporized gases in Tedlar bag were collected from liquefied gases in cylinder. Vaporized gases were used for collecting efficacy data to Tetranychus urticae, two-spotted spider mite, for 6hr at 26± 1℃. When applied 25, 51, 77 and 102 ml/L of vaporized gas for 6hr, mortality of T. urticae female adult were 83.3, 97.8, 100, and 100%, respectively, at 24hr after fumigation. Also, at 77 and 102 ml/L of vaporized gas for 4hr treatment at 26± 1℃, the mortality of T. urticae female was 96.7 and 97.8%, respectively. This preliminary result may help to understand further scaled-up VapormateTM fumigation applied with different type of commodities.
( Hyeon Joo Ham ),( In Jun Yeo ),( Seong Hee Jeon ),( Jun Hyung Lim ),( Sung Sik Yoo ),( Dong Ju Son ),( Sung-su Jang ),( Haksup Lee ),( Seung-jin Shin ),( Sang Bae Han ),( Jae Suk Yun ),( Jin Tae Hon 한국응용약물학회 2022 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.30 No.1
Recently, increasing evidence suggests that neuroinflammation may be a critical factor in the development of Parkinson’s disease (PD) in addition to the ratio of acetylcholine/dopamine because dopaminergic neurons are particularly vulnerable to inflammatory attack. In this study, we investigated whether botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT-A) was effective for the treatment of PD through its anti-neuroinflammatory effects and the modulation of acetylcholine and dopamine release. We found that BoNT-A ameliorated MPTP and 6-OHDA-induced PD progression, reduced acetylcholine release, levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α as well as GFAP expression, but enhanced dopamine release and tyrosine hydroxylase expression. These results indicated that BoNT-A had beneficial effects on MPTP or 6-OHDA-induced PD-like behavior impairments via its anti-neuroinflammation properties, recovering dopamine, and reducing acetylcholine release.