아동기에 주의력결핍 과잉행동증상을 경험한 성인의 정신병리와 기질 성격 요인

송열매(Yul-Mai Song),이건석(Kounseok Lee),한덕현(Doug Hyun Han),이영식(Young Sik Lee),민경준(Kyung Joon Min),박진영(Jin Young Park),김준원(Jun Won Kim) 대한소아청소년정신의학회 2013 소아청소년정신의학 Vol.24 No.4

Objectives:The objective of this study is to find out the differences in psychopathology, temperament, and character factors between young adults with and without childhood attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms. Methods:The subjects consisted of 314 university students (male=72, female=242) in Gongju. They were divided into childhood ADHD group (N=54) and normal group (N=260) to the Wender-Utah Rating Scale. Participants were assessed using Korean Adult ADHD Scale, Beck Depression Inventory-II, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Kimberly Young’s Internet Addiction Test, Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, Paranoia Scale, Korean-Schizotypal Ambivalence Scale, Lubben Social Network Scale, and Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised. Descriptive statistics, t-test, chi-square, spearman correlation, and stepwise multiple regression were applied to analyze the data. Results:Participants with childhood ADHD symptoms had high level of adult ADHD symptoms (p<.001), impulsiveness(p=.001), depression (p<.001), anxiety (p<.001), internet addiction (p<.001), paranoia tendency (p<.001) and low level of selfesteem (p<.001) compared to normal group. Self-directedness (p<.001) was lower, Harm avoidance (p=.001) and Self-transcendence (p=.029) were higher in the childhood ADHD group. In correlation and stepwise multiple regression, childhood ADHD symptoms were significantly associated with cooperativeness (r=-0.515 and β=-0.547, p<.001 respectively). Conclusion:This result showed that young adults with childhood ADHD symptoms had various forms of psychopathology and childhood ADHD symptoms were influenced by character such as cooperativeness. Therefore, more thorough evaluation regarding childhood ADHD symptoms is needed.

인터넷 중독 성향을 보이는 남자 청소년들의 기질 특성과 유전자 다형성

김은영,이영식,한덕현,서동수,기백석 大韓神經精神醫學會 2006 신경정신의학 Vol.45 No.5

Objectives : Among chemical and non-chemical dependence, internet addiction is one of the most frequent addictive behavior in adolescent. This study was performed to detect certain temperamental and genetic characteristics in adolescent with internet addiction tendency. Methods : 87 adolescents with internet addiction tendency (AIT) and 78 adolescents without internet addiction tendency(NAIT) were classified by Young's Internet Addiction Test. Cloninger's Temperament Character Inventory and 6 candidate genes of drug addiction (DRD2 TaqI A, DRD4, DAT1, 5-HTTLPR, NET-8, and COMT) polymorphisms were tested between two groups. Results : Novelty Seeking scores (p=0.001) and Harm Avoidance scores (p=0.042) were significantly higher in AIT. The frequency of DRD2-A1/A1 genotype and G allele of NET-8 in AIT was higher than that in NAIT. In AIT. Novelty Seeking scores were significantly different (p=0.011) according to NET-8 genotypes (G/G>G/A>A/A). Conclusion : These data suggest that male adolescents with internet addiction tendency have the specific temperament and genetic polymorphisms like chemical dependence.

Prediction of Nitrogen Loading from Forest Stands in 430Eutrophication of Lake

Doug-Young Chung(정덕영),Young-Han Lee(이영한),Jin-Ho Lee(이진호),Mi-suk Park(박미숙) 한국토양비료학회 2010 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.43 No.4

The continuous release of nutrient sources into natural water resource can be a continuing problem in eutrophication, as well as severe reductions in water quality. However, any desirable measure is not developed yet even though so many researches and efforts have been done to solve this problem. Forest as one of troublesome nonpoint sources may contributes most to nutrient loading, but the loading of N and P from forest in order to grasp the eutrophication potential of nonpoint sources has not been evaluated. The nutrient sources from the organic litter accumulated on the surface of forest soils can be a critical factor in continuity of eutrophication of a lake. The decomposition rate of litter can be estimated to predict release of N and P from the forest stand. The loss rate of nitrogen is complicated but depends in part upon the physical matrix of the element. Therefore, long-term nutrient budget and flux estimates at stand would be useful tools in calculating potential nutrient fluxes into the watercourses in a sustainable way. The present investigation can give insight to the actual situation of the eutrophication potentials of forest as the practical nonpoint sources.

Charge Flow in KH₂PO₄ Lattice Structure by Using the Proton-Beam Irradiation

Han, Doug-Young,Han, Jun-Hee,Lee, Cheal-Eui,Kim, Se-Hun Korean Magnetic Resonance Society 2008 Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society Vol.12 No.2

The mechanism of charge flow has been probed by measuring the $^{1}H$ chemical shift on a proton-irradiated ${KH_2}{PO_4}$ (KDP) single crystal. The proton irradiation caused the increase in $^{1}H$ chemical shift. It can be interpreted as the electronic charge transfer from the proton to oxygen atom, accompanied with the proton displacement along the hydrogen bond. For the high resolution $^{1}H$ chemical shift measurement, CRAMPS (Combined Rotation And Multiple Pulses) technique is utilized.

Evaluation of Crop Suitability for Reclaimed Tideland Soils Using Soil and Water Salinity and Soil Texture

Young-Jae Jeong,Sang-Sun Lim,Hyun-Jin Park,Bo-Seong Seo,Se-In Park,Jin-Hee Ryu,Kyo-Suk Lee,Doug-Young Chung,Han-Yong Kim,Seung-Heon Lee,Hye In Yang,Woo-Jung Choi 한국토양비료학회 2020 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.53 No.1

There are increasing social pressures on the agricultural use of salt-affected reclaimed tideland (RTL) for the cultivation of other crops except for rice. Crop suitability for RTL has conventionally been evaluated using soil salinity alone without consideration of soil texture and water salinity. In this study, the suitability of 10 crops for 12 RTLs under national government’s management was evaluated using soil and water salinity as well as soil texture. The crops include barley (both cereal and forage) (hordeum vulgare), wheat (triticum eastivum), paddy rice (oryza sativa), maize (forage) (zea mays), beet (beta vulgaris), celery (apium graveolens), spinach (spinacia oleracea), broccoli (brassica oleracea var. italic), and tomato (solanum lycopersicum). The results showed that barley and wheat are most suitable winter crops for all RTLs and beet, celery, and maize are more suitable than others as summer crops. The suitability of rice, which is widely cultivated in all RTLs, was not as high as expected in some RTLs, suggesting that it may be possible to consider other crops as alternative summer crops to rice. By using not only soil salinity but also soil texture and water salinity as parameters for crop suitability evaluation, it was possible to recommend suitable crops for each RTL of which soil texture and soil and water salinity differ.

Influence of the Starting Materials and Sintering Conditions on Composition of a Macroporous Adsorbent as Permeable Reactive Barrier

Doug-Young Chung(정덕영),Bong-Han Lee(이봉한),Jae-H. Jung(정재현) 한국토양비료학회 2009 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.42 No.4

본 실험은 지하수에 포함된 중금속을 제거하기 위한 투수성반응벽체를 개발하기 위하여 대공극 형성물질로 분쇄한 폐지와 식물섬유를 그리고 구조형성소재로 Na와 Ca-벤토나이트를 사용하여 소성 후 소성된 소재의 표면구조와 공극발달 특성을 조사하였다. 그러나 소성은 중금속 제거율을 급격히 감소시키는 양이온교환용량에 영향을 미치므로 2:1 점토광물 중에서 양이온교환용량이 큰 점토광물과 일반 산업물질을 소재를 선정하였다. 연구 결과는 살펴보면 소성온도가 증가함에 따라 소성에 사용된 소재의 기존 CEC의 10 % 이하로 급격히 감소되는 경향을 보여주었다. 일축 압축 시험 결과 처리간 용적밀도는 큰 차이가 없었지만 Na와 Ca-벤토나이트를 소성소재 모두 폐지가 5 % 정도 처리하였을 때 압축강도가 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 소성온도와 기간 모두 공극 형성에 영향을 미친 것으로 조사되었다. 이러한 연구 결과로부터 다공체 내에 형성된 공극은 수분 투수 특성과 중금속 제거에 모두 영향을 미칠 것이라 추정하였다. In this investigation, we observed surface morphology and porosity of a macroporous adsorbent made of Na-bentonite and Ca-bentonite as structure formation materials and grounded waste paper as macropore forming material for the development of a permeable reactive barrier to remove heavy metals in groundwater. Therefore, we selected minerals having higher cation exchange capacity among 2:1 clay minerals and other industrial minerals because sintering can significantly influence cation exchange capacity, resulting in drastic decrease in removal of heavy metals. The results showed that the increasing sintering temperature drastically decreased CEC by less than 10 % of the indigenous CEC carried by the selected minerals. One axial compressibility test results showed that the highest value was obtained from 5% newspaper waste pulp for both structure formation materials of Na-bentonite and Ca-bentonite although there were not much difference in bulk density among treatments. The pore formation influenced by sintering temperature and period contributes removal of heavy metals passing through the sintered macroporous media having different water retention capacity.

Evaluation of Cropping Model of Green Manure Crops with Main Crops for Upland-Specific

Doug Young Chung,Misuk Park,Jin-Woong Cho,Sang-Eun Lee,Kwang-Hyun Han,Jin-Hee Ryu,Seong-Hoon Hyun 한국토양비료학회 2013 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.46 No.2

For organic farming, green manure crops such as leguminous forages and barley have been broadly used to improve soil fertility and soil physical and chemical properties by repeatedly cutting and mulching them directly as winter crop in the field in the rotation. In this investigation we selected 78 agricultural farm corporations as well as individual organic farmhouses related to crop rotation from greenmanure crops to main crops in order to analyze the relationship of cropping system between main crops and green manure crops. The results showed that the green manure crops were divided into two groups as leguminous and nonleguminous crops, representing that those are limited to specific climate and farming systems of regions. Also the 10 or less green manure crops including sudangrass, hairyvetch, italian ryegrass, sorghun, buckwheat, oat, pea, rye, clover, and canola which belong to leguminous crops which are presently cultivated from the organic farmhouses within the rotational crop system. We also confirmed that the major main crops are sweet potato, soybean, corn, tobacco, spinach from usage frequency analyzed by NetMiner H 2.6 which was used to estimate the rotational cropping system among the green manure crops and main crops.

Solid-State High-Resolution ¹H-NMR Study for Ammonia Borane of Hydrogen Storage Material

Han, J.H.,Lee, Cheol-Eui,Kim, Se-Hun,Kim, Chang-Sam,Han, Doug-Young Korean Magnetic Resonance Society 2010 Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society Vol.14 No.1

In liquids NMR, $^{1}H$ is the most widely observed nucleus, which is not the case in solids NMR. The reason is due to the strong homo-dipolar interactions between the hydrogen atoms which mask the useful chemical shift information. Therefore we must remove the strong homo-dipolar interactions in order to get structural information, which can be investigated by the isotropic chemical shift. There are two ways of obtaining it. One is the ultra-fast MAS of ca. 70 kHz spinning speed, which has become available only recently. The other way is devising a pulse sequence which can remove the strong homo-dipolar interaction. In the latter way, MAS with a moderate spinning rate of a few kHz, is enough to remove the chemical shift anisotropy. In this report, 1D-CRAMPS and 2D MASFSLG techniques are utilized and their results will be compared. This kind of highresolution $^{1}H$ NMR for solids, should become a valuable analytical tool in the understanding and the developing of a new class of hydrogen storage materials. Here ammonium borane $-NH_{3}BH_{3}$, whose hydrogen content is high, is used as a sample.

The Association between Tardive Dyskinesia Induced by Haloperidol and Polymorphismsin the Serotonin Transporter Gene and Catecholamine-O- Methyltransferase Gene in KoreanSchizophrenic Patients

Doug-Hyun Han,Jong-Hun Lee,Young-Sik Lee,Baik-Seok Kee,Kyung Joon Min,Chul Na 대한정신약물학회 2005 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.3 No.1

The existence of a genetic predisposition to tardive dyskinesia (TD) in human has been suggested. The purpose of this study was to assess whether haloperidol induced extrapyramidal symptom (EPS) and TD are associated with the polymorphisms of the genes encoding for the catechol-o-methyltransferase and serotonin transporter in Korean schizophrenic patients. Male schizophrenic patients who underwent haloperidol treatment for more than 3 consecutive months were recruited as the subjects in two psychiatric hospitals. All of the patients were evaluated by the extrapyramidal symptom rating scale and abnormal involuntary movement scale. The incidence rate of TD patients with the COMTH/COMTH genotype was higher than those with the COMTH/COMTL and COMTL/COMTL types. There were statistically significant differences with respect to the effect of the 5-HTTLPR genotype on the incidence rate of patients with EPS. The COMTL allele played a more significant role in the incidence of TD than the 5-HTTPR L allele. According to our results, COMT was associated with the incidence of TD while 5-HTTLPR was associated with the incidence of EPS in the schizophrenic patients treated with haloperidol.

GABA_(A)α6 유전자 다형성에 따른 알코올 금단 증상의 발현 차이

한덕현,최정은,이병용,김영훈,김혜원,이혜경 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.2

Introduction : The gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA_(A)) receptor is an important pharmacological target of alcohol.The phamacological characteristics of the receptor are largely determined by its subunit composition, Compared with all othera subtypes, the α 6- containing receptors are more sensitive to GABA and less sensitive to benzodiazepines. The purpose of thisstudy was to address a role for GABA_(A) α 6 receptor subunit gene in the development of alcohol dependence. The differentialmanifestation of alcohol withdrawal symptoms related to GABA_(A) α 6 polymorphism in patients treating with benzodiazepineswas also examined.Methods : Eighty-seven inpatients with alcohol dependence, and sixty healthy controls were evaluated using CIWA-Ar scale.Each patient was genotyped for GABA_(A) α 6 subunit. Association between GABA_(A) α 6 polymorphism and severity of Withd-rawal symptom were determined.Results : No significant difference was found in GABA_(A) α 6 receptor genetic type and allelic distribution between thealcohol dependent and control subject. Tremor was more severe in CC than TT type. TT type had higher degree of anxiety,agitation and headache than CC type. The GABA_(A) α 6 C allele increased the average score of tremor significantly, and T alleleincreased that of agitation.Conclusion : The results suggested that GABA_(A) α 6 genetic polymorphism was not associated with alcohol dependenceand with severity of alcohol withdrawal symptoms. But in benzodiazepine treated patients, GABA_(A) α 6 polymorphism andallelic type show the difference in severity of each withdrawal symptom. These differences of sevehty are partly responsiblefor the unique pharmacological properties associated with the GABA_(A) α 6 subunit.