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Simultaneous Detection of Disseminated and Circulating Tumor Cells in Primary Breast Cancer Patients
Andreas D. Hartkopf,Markus Wallwiener,Markus Hahn,Tanja N. Fehm,Sara Y. Brucker,Florin-Andrei Taran 대한암학회 2016 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.48 No.1
Purpose Disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) from bone marrow (BM) are a surrogate of minimal residual disease (MRD) in primary breast cancer (PBC) patients and associated with an adverse prognosis. However, BM sampling is an invasive procedure. Although there is growing evidence that circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from the blood are also suitable for monitoring MRD, data on the simultaneous detection of DTCs and CTCs are limited. Materials and Methods We determined the presence of DTCs using immunocytochemistry and the pan-cytokeratin antibody A45-B/B3. CTCs were determined simultaneously using a reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction–based assay (AdnaTest Breast Cancer) and CellSearch (at least one CTC per 7.5 mL blood). We compared the detection of DTCs and CTCs and evaluated their impact on disease-free and overall survival. Results Of 585 patients, 131 (22%) were positive for DTCs; 19 of 202 (9%) and 18 of 383 (5%) patients were positive for CTCs, as shown by AdnaTest and CellSearch, respectively. No significant association was observed between DTCs and CTCs (p=0.248 and p=0.146 as shown by AdnaTest and CellSearch, respectively). The presence of DTCs (p=0.046) and the presence of CTCs as shown by CellSearch (p=0.007) were predictive of disease-free survival. Conclusion Our data confirm the prognostic relevance of DTCs and CTCs in patients with PBC. As we found no significant relationship between DTCs and CTCs, prospective trials should include their simultaneous detection. Within those trials, the question of whether or not DTCs and CTCs are independent subpopulations of malignant cell clones should be determined by molecular characterization.
Andreas Umland 한양대학교 아태지역연구센터 2010 Journal of Eurasian Studies Vol.1 No.2
The paper1 was completed in 2008 and complements previous analyses of post-communist Russian right-wing extremism, in general, and studies of “neo-Eurasianism,” in particular, surveying some circumstances of the emergence of its major ideologist Aleksandr Dugin (b. 1962). It introduces some teachers and collaborators of Dugin who influenced him before he became a known journalist, writer and commentator in the late 1990s. It also sketches some of Dugin’s initiatives and activities until he rose to the position of an official advisor to Gennady Seleznev, the Speaker of the State Duma, the lower house of the Russian parliament, in 1998. The footnotes provide a comprehensive bibliography on Western and Russian sources on the Russian “New Right.” It concludes with some suggestion where further research into the Dugin phenomenon could go.
Andreas N. Schüring,Reinhard Kelsch,Grzegorz Pierściński,Jerzy-Roch Nofer 대한진단검사의학회 2016 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.36 No.1
Reliable reference intervals for sex hormones are indispensable in evaluations of the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis. This study established reference intervals for estradiol, progesterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and prolactin with the immunoassay platforms Advia Centaur and Immulite 2000XP (Siemens Healthcare, Germany). We recruited healthy men (n=220), women in the follicular (n=139) or luteal (n=87) phases of the menstrual cycle, and postmenopausal women (n=103). Data was analyzed according to CLSI EP28-A3c guidelines. Although reference intervals established with both platforms showed good agreement with ranges quoted by the assay manufacturer, two discrepancies were noted. First, intervals for prolactin in women were influenced by hormonal status, and the partition analysis supported their separation into subgroups based on menstrual cycle. Second, the upper limit for estradiol in the follicular phase was nearly a half of that provided by the manufacturer. This discrepancy was attributed to the stringent definition of the follicular phase (consistently set at days 3-5 after menstruation onset). Our findings suggest that reference values for prolactin should both be gender specific and account for menstrual cycle phase. The results also emphasize that clear-cut selection criteria are required when assembling populations for establishing endocrine reference intervals. Reliable reference intervals for sex hormones are indispensable in evaluations of the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis. This study established reference intervals for estradiol, progesterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and prolactin with the immunoassay platforms Advia Centaur and Immulite 2000XP (Siemens Healthcare, Germany). We recruited healthy men (n=220), women iaccording to CLSI EP28-A3c guidelines. Although reference intervals established with both platforms showed good agreement with ranges quoted by the assay manufacturer, two discrepancies were noted. First, intervals for prolactin in women were influenced by hormonal status, and the partition analysis supported their separation into subgroups based on menstrual cycle. Second, the upper limit for estradiol n the follicular (n=139) or luteal (n=87) phases of the menstrual cycle, and postmenopausal women (n=103). Data was analyzed in the follicular phase was nearly a half of that provided by the manufacturer. This discrepancy was attributed to the stringent definition of the follicular phase (consistently set at days 3-5 after menstruation onset). Our findings suggest that reference values for prolactin should both be gender specific and account for menstrual cycle phase. The results also emphasize that clear-cut selection criteria are required when assembling populations for establishing endocrine reference intervals.
Andreas Piederstorfer 동아대학교 독일학연구소 2011 獨逸學硏究 Vol.- No.27
Germany has been at the forefront of environmentalism and is a technology leader at the introduction of environment-friendly energies. In the Federal Republic, theories of global warming had been widely accepted as proven beyond any doubt. Dissenters had been regarded as bad scientists or ?worse - suspected to have been paid off by the industry. In the course of the last 5 years, this seemingly iron-clad consensus has weakened considerably. Germany has followed trends of public opinion evident in North America, Great Britain, and some emerging and developing nations, albeit to a lesser degree. This weakening seems to be a part of the receding allure of the ideologies of the "generation of 68" that have dominated the political discourse in Germany for so long. The reunification, the crises of Europe and the Euro and other political projects have placed heavy tax loads place on the shoulders of German citizens and limited the leeway for further large scale financial transfers.
IoT-based health and emotion care system
Andreas P. Plageras,Kostas E. Psannis 한국통신학회 2023 ICT Express Vol.9 No.1
A “Smart Healthcare-Room” has been installed in a local network. This form of network grants controlled network access to patients and tenders huge safety of their data which have been swapped at the time cure is given and the time the patient stays in the room. In order to manage the “Data Learning” approach from all the procedures and the communication of the sensors, an “Emotion Care System” has been installed. The data will be sent through the network to the IoT framework application which will notify the medical staff for the health and emotional condition of the patient.
Multicultural Life in New Testament Times
Andreas Lindemann 성결대학교 다문화평화연구소 2009 다문화와 평화 Vol.3 No.2
In this paper, I ask for a picture of real life of Christians in the multicultural world of the imperium Romanum during the first two centuries CE. Christians lived in a mostly hostile society but interpreted their situation as a challenge for their lives. I start with three short preliminary remarks, arguing first on New Testaments texts where the differences between “Christians” and non-Christians are marked sharply (e.g. the gospel of John or Romans 12:1-2), second on the characteristic religious pluralism in the Roman empire in the first and second centuries, third on the “absoluteness” claimed by Christians and Jews. In part two, I give a short survey on the self interpretation of the first community in Jerusalem and then of Pauline Christianity, taken primarily from the Pauline letters and the Acts of Luke, at last from the letter to Diognetus. Christianity rapidly became a phenomenon of “globalization”, because there is no “Christian nation” and no “Christian country” and no distinctive “Christian society”. But Christian communities were distinguishable from others, recognized as a matter of its own. Who wants to persuade others, cannot keep them in distance but must approach them and at the same time has to be recognizable from outside. This in a conclusion is illustrated by 1 Corinthians ch. 14 where Paul shows that Christian preaching shall be understood by others.