돼지의 이유전체중(離乳前體重)과 이유후형질(離乳後形質)에 대한 품종(品種)과 환경(環境)의 효과(效果)

한성욱,상병찬,이한옥,Han, Sung Wook,Sang, Byung Chan,Lee, Han Ok 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1987 Korean Journal of Agricultural Science Vol.14 No.1

본(本) 연구(硏究)에서는 1978년(年)부터 1983년(年)까지 국립종축원(國立種畜院)에서 사육(飼育)된 Landrace, Hampshire, Large Yorkshire 및 Duroc 종(種) 54 두(頭)의 종모돈(種牡豚)에서 생산(生産)된 253 두(頭)의 웅돈(雄豚)의 자료(資料)를 이용(利用)하여 이유전체중(離乳前體重)과 이유후형질(離乳後形質)에 대한 품종(品種), 종모돈(種牡豚), 산차(産次), 년도(年度) 및 분만월(分娩月)이 미치는 효과(效果)를 추정(推定)하였던바 그 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 이유전체중(離乳前體重)에 대한 품종(品種)의 효과(效果)는 생시체중(生時體重), 21 일령체중(日齡體重) 및 56 일령체중(日齡體重)에서 고도(高度)의 유의적(有意的)(P<.01)인 차이(差異)가 있었으며, 산차(産次)의 효과(效果)는 56 일령체중(日齡體重)에서만 고도(高度) 유의적(有意的)(P<.01)인 차이(差異)가 있었다. 2. 이유전체중(離乳前體重)에서 품종별(品種別)로는 생시체중(生時體重)에서 Duroc 종(種)이 $1.593{\pm}0.001kg$로 가장 무거웠고, 21 일령(日齡) 및 56 일령체중(日齡體重)에서는 Landrace 종(種)이 각각(各各) $6.227{\pm}0.199$ 및 $18.590{\pm}0.493kg$로 가장 우수하였다. 3. 이유후형질(離乳後形質)에 대한 품종(品種)의 효과(效果)는 일당증체량(日當增體量), 사료요구율(飼料要求率), 등지방두께 및 90 kg 도달일령(到達日齡)에서 고도(高度)의 유의적(有意的)(P<0.01)인 차이(差異)가 있었으며, 산차(産次)의 효과(效果)에서는 등지방두께에서만 유의적(有意的)(P<.05)인 차이(差異)가 인정(認定)되었다. 4. 이유후형질(離乳後形質)에 있어서 품종별(品種別)로는 일당증체량(日當增體量) 및 사료요구율(飼料要求率)에서 Duroc 종(種)이 각각(各各) $876.279{\pm}8.198g$ 및 $2.754{\pm}0.198$로 가장 우수하였고, 등지방두께는 Hampshire 종(種)이 $1.969{\pm}0.198cm$로 가장 우수하였다. The study was conducted to determine the main effects of breed, sire, parity, farrowing year and month on preweaning body weight and postweaning traits. The data analysis were the record of 253 male pigs produced from 54 boars of Landrace, Hampshire, Large Yorkshire and Duroc purebreds at National Animal Breeding Institute from 1978 to 1983. The results obtained in this study are summarized as follows. 1. The effect of breed on preweaning body weight was highly significant at 1% level for body weight at birth, 21 days and 56days, and effect of parity was highly significant at 1% level for body weight at 56 days. 2. On preweaning body weight by breed, Duroc was superior with $1.593{\pm}0.001Kg$ for body weight at birth, and Landrace was superior with $6.227{\pm}0.199$ and $18.590{\pm}0.493Kg$ for body weight at 21 days and 56 days, respectively. 3. The effect of breed on postweaning traits were highly signicant at 1% level for average daily gain, feed efficiency, backfat thickness and days to 90Kg, and the effect of parity was significant at 5% level for backfat thickness. 4. On postweaning traits by breed, Duroc was superior with $876.275{\pm}8.198g$ and $2.754{\pm}0.198$ for average daily gain and feed efficiency, respectively, and Hampshire was thin with $1.969{\pm}0.198$ em for backfat thickness.

Estimation of Genetic Parameters for Economic Traits and Body Conformations in Korean Native Ogol Fowl

한성욱,상병찬,김홍기,Han, Sung Wook,Sang, Byoung Chan,Kim, Hong Ki Institute of Agricultural Science 1990 Korean Journal of Agricultural Science Vol.17 No.1

본(本) 연구(硏究)는 한국재래오골계(韓國在來烏骨鷄)의 효율적(效率的)인 선발(選拔) 및 육종계획(育種計劃)을 수립하는데 필요한 유전력(遺傳力)과 유전상관(遺傳相關)을 추정(推定)하기 위하여 1987년(年) 6월(月) 18일(日)부터 1989년(年) 2월(月) 6일(日)까지 부가계(父家系) 20수(首) 모가계(母家系) 150수(首)에서 생산(生産)된 자손 450수(首)의 검정성적(檢定成績)을 분석(分析)한 것이다. 유전력(遺傳力)에 있어서 체중(體重), 난중(卵重) 및 정강이 길이의 유전력(遺傳力) 추정치(推定値)는 0.415~0.558의 범위로 다소 높은 편이었으나, 초산일령(初産日令), 산란수(産卵數) 및 흉위(胸圍)에 대한 유전력(遺傳力)은 0.301~0.334로 중등도(中等度)의 추정치(推定値)이었다. 유전상관(遺傳相關)에 있어서는 체중(體重)과 산란수간(産卵數間)에 -0.552~-0.309로 부(負)의 계수(係數)이었으나, 체중(體重)과 난중간(卵重間)에는 0.285~0.380으로 다소 낮은 정(正)의 계수(係數)이었고, 산란수(産卵數)와 난중간(卵重間)에는 -0.383~-0.381의 부(負)의 계수(係數)로 추정(推定)되었다. 한편, 정강이 길이와 체중(體重) 및 초산일령간의(初産日令間) 유전상관(遺傳相關)은 0.328~0.843의 다소 높은 정(正)의 계수(係數)로 정강이 길이의 개량(改良)은 체중(體重)과 초산일령(初産日令)을 자동적으로 증대(增大) 시킬 수 있을 것으로 사료(思料)되었다. This study was conducted to estimate heritabilities and genetic correlations of economic traits and body conformations in Korean Native Ogol fowl. The data analyzed were the record of 450 pullets bred from 150 dams and 20 sires of the fowl obtained from June 18, 1987 to February 6, 1989. The results of this study were summarized as follows ; The estimates of heritability for body weight, egg weight and shank length from combined variance components were relatively high, ranging from 0.415 to 0.558, while those for age at first egg, egg production and breast width were moderate, ranging from 0.301 to 0.334. For genetic correlations, body weights were negatively correlated with egg production, ranging from -0.552 to -0.309, while positive correlations were found between body weight and egg weight, ranging from 0.285 to 0.380. Also, egg production was negatively correlated with egg weight, ranging from -0.383 to -0.381. The shank length showed very high positive correlations with the body weights and age at 1st egg, ranging from 0.328 to 0.843. Hence the improvement in shank length will increase the body weight as well as the age at 1st egg.

돈의 산자수 , 이유두수 및 동복자 이유시 총체중에 대한 환경과 품종의 효과

한성욱,김창근 ( S . W . Han,C . K . Kim ) 한국축산학회 1979 한국축산학회지 Vol.21 No.1

This study was conducted to determine the effects of farrowing year, season and number, and mating system on litter size at birth, pig number and total litter weight at weaning in swine. The least square means were estimated on the basis of data obtained from 3,414 litters of Land-race, Large White and their crosses raised at St. Isidore Farm from 1972 to 1977. The results obtained are as follows: 1. The effect of farrowing year on litter size at birth and pig number at weaning was significant at 5% level and there was highly significant difference at 1% level for total litter weight at weaning. 2. The effect of farrowing season was nonsignificant for pig number and total titter weight at weaning except litter size at birth The litter size at birth was largest in fa1l. 3. The litter size at birth was smallest for the 1st parity, but the effects of over 2nd parity were nonsignificant The effects of parity for pig number and total titter weight at weaning 4. The litter size at birth and pig number at weaning from Landrace dams were larger than those from Large White dams. However, the total litter weight at weaning from Large White dams was heavier than that from Landrace dams.

육우의 생시체중에 대한 품종의 효과

한성욱,박영일,김영호 ( S . W . Han,Y . I . Park,Y . H . Kim ) 한국축산학회 1978 한국축산학회지 Vol.20 No.5

This study was conducted to determine the effects of sex, year of birth, season of birth, and the effects of breed or breed cross on birth weight in beef cattle. The data used in this study were obtained from a total of 1020 calves born at Chedong Farm in Cheju Island from 1974 through 1977. The Augus, Charolais and Hereford and their crosses were used, and the data were analysed by least squares method. The results obtained are as follows. 1. The birth weight of male calves was heavier than that of female calves by about 1.0 ㎏. 2. The effect of year of birth was statistically significant at 1% level. The birth weight of calves was lightest in 1974 when the Farm was in the first year after being established, and was heaviest in 1976. 3. The calves that were born in the spring had the heaviest birth weight, and those born in the fall had the lightest birth weight. 4. The Charolais had the heaviest birth weight of the three purebreds, being heavier than the Hereford by 0.4㎏, and the Angus had the lightest birth weight. Of the three crossbreds compared, the Charolais-Hereford cross had the heaviest birth weight, being heavier than the Hereford by 1.6㎏.

고려(高麗) 철화(鐵畵) '성(成)' 명청자(銘靑瓷)의 특징(特徵)과 제작시기(製作時期)

한성욱,Han, Sung Uk 국립문화재연구원 2008 헤리티지:역사와 과학 Vol.41 No.2

Celadons painted in underglaze iron brown 'Sung(成)' inscription are characteristic celadons excavated only at the No. 7 kiln site located at Sadang-ri(沙堂里), Daegu-myeon(大口面), Gangjin-gun(康津郡), Jeollanamdo(全羅南道), Korea and has inscription in the inner center of the foot by brush. The inscription was marked where it is not easily seen. it can be assumed that since it showed a variety of hand writings, many people were involved in manufacturing these celadons and the 'Sung' inscription was marked after workshop rather than manufacturer. It was also found that quality of glaze, paste, shape, pattern and firing method were same and these were manufactured with the same techniques in the same period. Kinds of these celadons were mainly sets of tablewares including bowl with handle, bowl, plate, cup, bowl with cover and bottle. Raised relief designs using extrusion technic were especially preferred rather than incised designs and inlaid designs. Cases of using inlaid designs were not frequently found compared to incised designs, thus it can be assumed that in this period, inlaid designs were not generally used. Special designs having the meaning of authority or dignity such as chrysanthemum, peony, parrot and lotus plate designs were not found. Foot was molded with 'U' type except some bowls with cover and plates and firing was done after glazing the whole surface of the ceramic with the support of quartzite at 3 to 4 places of inner bottom of foot. Production period of these celadons with 'Sung' inscription can not be confirmed from other excavation sites outside of No. 7 kiln site at Sadang-ri since there are no other excavation sites whose relics bear 'Sung' inscription. Through comparison research with other relics bear the characteristics of these celadons from tombs, temple sites, shipwrecks, production period of these celadons with 'Sung' inscription can be assumed as second quarter of 13th century. And since the quality of these celadons are generally inferior to the top-quality celadons which were supplied to royal familes and high-ranking aristocrats, it can be deducted that these celadons with 'Sung' inscription were supplied to classes lower than royal familes and high-ranking aristocrats. So it is considered that Celadons with 'Sung' inscription have a great significance as a chronological material to complement the blank of the first half of the 13th century because most of celadons with raised relief designs and engraved relief designs were attributed to 12th century, the period of prosperity. 철화(鐵畵) '성(成)' 명청자(銘靑瓷)는 전라남도(全羅南道) 강진군(康津郡) 대구면(大口面) 사당리(沙堂里) 7호 가마터에서만 출토되는 특징적 청자로 붓을 이용하여 굽안바닥 중앙에 명문(銘文)을 쓰고 있다. 명문이 눈에 잘 띄지 않은 곳에 표기되어 있으며, 필체가 다양하여 생산에 여러 사람이 참여하였음을 알 수 있어 제작자보다는 공방(工房)을 표기하였던 것으로 추정된다. 또한 유약(釉藥)과 태토(胎土), 기형(器形), 문양(文樣), 번법(燔法) 등 품격(品格)이 동일(同一)하여 같은 제작기법을 사용하여 같은 시기에 제작되었음을 쉽게 알 수 있다. 기종(器種)은 ${\Box}$과 대${\Box}$(大), ${\Box}$시(匙), 잔(盞), 합(盒), 병(甁) 등 일상(日常) 생활용기(生活容器)가 중심을 이루고 있다. 시문기법(施文技法)은 음각(陰刻)과 상감(象嵌)보다 압출양각(壓出陽刻) 기법을 특히 선호하였으며, 음각보다 상감의 예가 적어 이 시기 상감기법이 보편화되지 않았음을 알 수 있다. 문양은 국화문(菊花文)과 모란문(牡丹文), 앵무문(鸚鵡文), 연판문(蓮瓣文), 연당초문(蓮唐草文) 등으로 권위나 위엄의 의미를 갖는 특별한 문양은 확인되지 않는다. 굽은 합과 접시의 일부를 제외하고 대부분 'U'자형으로 성형하였으며, 번법(燔法)은 내화토(耐火土) 비짐이 일부 있으나 전면(全面) 시유(施釉) 후 굽 안바닥 3~4 곳에 규석(硅石)을 받쳐 굽고 있다. 생산시기(生産時期)는 현재 사당리 7호 가마터 이외의 유적에서는 확인되지 않아 유사한 성격을 갖는 유적 출토품과의 비교를 통해 13세기(世紀) 2/4분기(分期)에 생산되었음을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 고품격의 양질청자에 비해 상대적으로 품질이 떨어지는 일반적인 양질청자가 중심을 이루고 있어 왕실(王室) 등의 최상류층보다 한 단계 낮은 계층에 공급되었던 것으로 추정된다. '성(成)' 명청자(銘靑瓷)는 그동안 전성기(全盛期) 음 양각 기법의 청자를 모두 12세기대로 편년하면서 발생하였던 13세기 전반의 공백을 보완할 수 있는 편년 자료로 그 중요성이 매우 크다고 하겠다.

Angus, Hereford, Charolais종(種)과 그 교잡종(交雜種)의 생시체중(生時體重)에 미치는 환경요인(環境要因)의 영향(影響)

한성욱,Han, Sung-wook 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1977 Korean Journal of Agricultural Science Vol.4 No.2

This study was conducted from 1974 to 1977 at Chedong Animal Farm in Che-Ju to determine the effect of sex of calves, birth year and season, breeds and crossing methods on the birth weight of cattle. A total of 1020 calves from Angus, Charolais, Hereford breeds and their crossbred were used for the study and least square methods was applied to analysis the data. Birth weight of male calves was 1kg heavier than that of female. Highly significant differences were obtained in the effects of birthyear on the birth weight, i.e. the cattle born in 1976 and 1977 was 0.9 and 0.2kg heavier in birth weight than those born in 1975. The cattle born in 1974, when the farm was established, was 1.7kg lighter than those in 1975. The calves born in the spring and the summer was 0.6 and 0.3kg heavier in birth weight than those born in the winter. The calves born in the fall was 0.9kg lighter than the calves born in the winter. In birth weight, Charolais breed were 0.4kg heavier than those from Hereford breed. Angus breed were 1.1kg lighter than Hereford. The crossbred between Charolais and Hereford breed were 1.5kg heavier than the Hereford. The birth weight of calves from Angus and Hereford crossbred and Angus and Charolais crossbred were 0.6 and 0.4kg lighter, than Hereford breed respectively. 본(本) 연구(硏究)는 1974년(年)부터 1977년(年)까지 4개년간(個年間)에 걸쳐 제주도(濟州道) 소재(所在) 제동목장(濟東牧場)에서 사육(飼育)된 Angus, Charolais, Hereford종(種)과 그들 교잡종(交雜種) 총(總) 1020두(頭)에 대한 자료(資料)를 최소자승법(最小自乘法)을 통(通)해 통계분석(統計分析)하여 자우(仔牛)의 성(性), 출생년도(出生年度), 출생계절(出生季節), 품종(品種) 및 교배방법(交配方法)등이 자우(仔牛)의 생시체중(生時體重)에 미치는 영향을 추정(推定)하였다. 1. 생시체중(生時體重)에 대한 성(性)의 효과(效果)는 숫송아지가 암송아지 보다 1kg 더 무거웠다. 2. 출생년도(出生年度)의 효과는 1%수준(水準)에서 유의성(有意性)이 인정(認定)되었으며 '76, '77년도(年度)의 생시체중(生時體重)이 '75년도(年度)보다 0.9kg 0.2kg 더 무거웠고 목장개설(牧場開設) 초년도(初年度)인 '74년도(年度)는 '75년도(年度)보다 1.7kg 가벼웠다. 3. 출생계절(出生季節)의 효과(效果)는 봄과 여름에 출생(出生)된 송아지가 겨울에 출생(出生)된 송아지보다 0.6, 0.3kg무거웠으며 가을에 출생(出生)된 송아지는 0.9kg 가벼웠다. 4. 품종(品種)과 교배방법(交配方法)의 효과는 Charolais 종(種)이 Hereford종(種)보다 0.4kg무거웠으며 Angus종(種)은 1.1kg가벼웠다 Charolais종(種)과 Hereford종(種)의 교잡종(交雜種)은 Hereford종(種)보다 1.5kg 무거웠고 Angus와 Hereford 교잡종(交雜種), Angus와 Charolais교잡종(交雜種)은 Hereford종(種)보다 각각(各各) 0.6, 0.4kg 가벼웠다.

난용종계의 란중증대성과 기지 형질의 유전력 및 상관관계에 관한 연구

한성욱,오봉국 ( Seung W . Han,Bong Kug Ohh ) 한국축산학회 1975 한국축산학회지 Vol.17 No.1

The present study was conducted to estimate the heritabilities and genetic correlations. among the egg weight increase in pullet year and certain other economic traits of egg production stocks and to obtain information useful for the genetic improvement of Korean laying stocks especially for the improvement of egg weight. The data used in this study were the records on 3,121 White Leghorn hens from three different strains, LD, LH ana DS which were raised from 1964 to 1968 at Han Hyup Poultry Breeding Farm in Seoul. The traits studied were average weight of first ten eggs, average egg weight to 400 days of age, average March egg weight, body weight at 8 weeks of age, number of eggs. to 300 days of age, number of eggs to 400 days of age, age at first egg, age at average egg weight, time interval from first egg to average egg weight, and winter pause. The results obtained are as follows. 1. In the averages of each traits computed for each strain, the average weight of first ten eggs was 42.5±5.2g for the DS strain, 42.4±4.8g for the LD strain, and 43.9±5.4g for the LH strain, respectively; the average egg weight to 400 days of age and that in March were 50.3 and 53.9g for the DS strain, 51.3 and 54.5g for the LB strain, and 52.7 and 55.8g for the LH strain; body weights at 8 weeks for the DS, LD and LH strains were 580.2, 595.6 and 606.3g, respectively; numbers of eggs to 300 and 400 days of age were 72 and 138 for the DS strain, 72 and 141 for the LD strain, and 65 and 132 for the LH strain; age at first egg was 179 days for the DS strain, 181 days for the LD strain, and 186 days for the LH strain, respectively; age at average egg weight in pullet year was 260 days for the DS strain, 261 days for the LD strain, and 265 days for the LH strain; time intervals from first egg to average egg weight were 81 days for the DS strain, 73 days for the LD strain, and 79 days fer the LH strain. The range of winter pause for the three strains was 13∼23 days. 2. The range of heritability estimates derived from the sire component of variance in the three strains were 0.20∼0.45 for average weight of first ten eggs, 0.15∼0.89 for March egg weight, 0.15∼0.66 for egg weight at 400 days of age, 0.24∼0.64 for body weight at 8 weeks, 0.10∼0.14 for number of eggs to 300 days, 0.09∼0.21 for number of eggs to 400 days, 0.13∼0.44 for age at first egg, -0.11∼0.10 for age at average egg weight, 0.14∼0.18 for time interval from first egg to average egg weight, and -0.07∼0.00 for winter pause. The heritabilities of age at average egg weight were very low and those of time interval from first egg to average egg weight were of intermediate value, suggesting that the latter trait would be more useful for the improvement of egg weight increase than age at average egg weight. 3. Positive values of maternal variance were estimated in all three strains for number of eggs to 300 days of age, number of eggs to 400 days of age, age at average egg weight, and for winter pause, although the magnitude of them were somewhat different depending on the strain. For egg weight, the maternal variance was consistantly recognized only in the DS strain. 4. The genetic correlation of average weight of first 10 eggs with number of eggs to 300 and 400 days of age was -0.48∼-0.59 and -0.39∼-0.76, respectively. The genetic correlation of the trait with average egg weights to 400 days of age and with average March egg weight was 0.23∼0.93 and 0.44∼0.85, respectively. The correlations between average of first 10 eggs and 8 weeks body weight were generally positive, but were very low. The genetic and phenotypic correlations of age at first egg with number of eggs to 300 days of age were -0.48∼-0.84. The phenotypic correlations of age at first egg with number of eggs to 400 days were negative and high. But there were considerable differences between the strains in the genetic correlations of the trait with number of eggs to 400 days of age. The genetic correlation

제주도 새마을 기술봉사단편-폐사직전의 양돈장을 재건

한성욱,Han, Seong-Uk 한국과학기술단체총연합회 1976 과학과 기술 Vol.9 No.1

노폐계(老廢鷄)를 이용(利用)한 육제품(肉製品) 개발(開發)에 관한 연구(硏究)

한성욱,이규승,장규섭,전창기,Han, Sung Wook,Lee, Kyu Seung,Chang, Kyu Sup,Jeon, Chang Kie 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1980 Korean Journal of Agricultural Science Vol.7 No.2

노폐계(老廢鷄)의 이용성(利用性) 증대방안(增大方案)의 하나로 White Leghorn(WL)종(種)과 Rhode Island Red(RIR)종(種) 노폐계(老廢鷄)의 도체성적(屠體成績)을 조사(調査)하고 아울러 노폐계육(老廢鷄肉)을 이용(利用)하여 건조육제품(乾燥肉製品)을 제조(製造)하여 개발(開發) 가능성(可能性)을 검토(檢討)한 결과(結果) 다음과 같은 결론(結論)을 얻었다. 1. 노폐계(老廢鷄)의 생체중(生體重)은 WL종(種)이 1,635.40g, RIR종(種)이 2,289.29g이었고 도체율(屠體率)과 정육율(精肉率)은 WL종(種)에서 각각(各各) 58.73%와 43.95%였으며, RIR종(種)에서는 각각(各各) 60.34%와 41.98%였다. 2. WL종(種)과 RIR종(種)의 도체(屠體) 각(各) 부위(部位)의 구성비율(構成比率)은 경부(頸部) 4.13%와 3.94%, 익부(翼部) 9.97%와 8.62%, 흉부(胸部) 32.54%와 29.04%, 배부(背部) 11.35%와 9.75%, 대퇴부(大腿部) 30.75%와 31.34%, 피부(皮膚) 및 피하지방(皮下脂肪) 11.37%와 17.34%였다. 3. 정육(精肉)의 각(各) 부위별(部位別) 구성비율(構成比率)은 WL종(種)과 RIR종(種)에서 각각(各各) 경부(頸部) 4.03%와 3.95%, 익부(翼部) 9.47%와 9.79%, 흉부(胸部) 39.37%와 38.14%, 배부(背部) 11.24%와 9.40%, 대퇴부(大腿部) 36.16%와 38.74%였다. 4. 노폐계육(老廢鷄肉)의 화학적(化學的) 조성(組成)은 WL종(種)에서 수분(水分) 68.18%, 조단백질(粗蛋白質) 22.80%, 조지방(粗脂肪) 2.70%, 추출물(抽出物) 5.15%, 조회분(粗灰分) 1.18%였고, RIR종(種)에서는 수분(水分) 68.04%, 조단백질(粗蛋白質) 22.18%, 조지방(粗脂肪) 3.13%, 추출물(抽出物) 5.45%, 조회분(粗灰分) 1.21%였다. 5. 노폐계육(老廢鷄肉)을 $121^{\circ}C(1kg/cm^2)$에서 30분(分), 60분(分) 및 90분간(分間)을 증자(蒸煮)했을 때의 감율(減率)은 WL종(種)에서 각각(各各) 54.91%, 56.43% 및 58.42%였으며 RIR종(種)에서는 각각(各各) 45.23%, 47.68% 및 49.68%였다. 6. 노폐계(老廢鷄) 마리당(當) 건조계육제품(乾燥鷄肉製品)의 수량(收量)은 WL(種)에서 253.01g, RIR종(種)에서는 368.64g이었으며, 정육중(精肉重)과 도체중(屠體重)에 대(對)한 비율(比率)은 WL중종(種)에서 각각(各各) 35.47%와 26.34%였고, RIR종(種)에서는 각각(各各) 38.25%와 26.83%였다. 7. 건조육제품(乾燥肉製品)의 화학적(化學的) 조성(組成)은 WL종(種)에서 수분(水分) 16.69%, 조단백질(粗蛋白質) 66.16%, 조지방(粗脂肪) 12.81%, 조회분(粗灰分) 4.35%였고, RIR종(種)에서는 수분(水分) 16.11%, 조단백질(粗蛋白質) 65.95%, 조지방(粗脂肪) 13.78%, 조회분(粗灰分) 4.57%였다. 8. 제품(製品)의 품질(品質)을 결정(決定)하는 중요(重要)한 인자(因子)중의 하나인 물리적(物理的) 성질(性質)을 검토하기 위하여 인장강도(引張强度), 인열강도(引裂强度) 및 신장율(伸張率)을 측정(測定)하여 본 결과(結果) 압착(壓搾)조건을 $70kg/cm^2$로 하였을 때는 표준구(標準區)인 쥐포의 결착력(結着力)과 비교(比較)하여 노폐계육제품(老廢鷄肉製品)도 이와 유사(類似)하게 나타났다. 9. 각(各) 부위별(部位別) 제품(製品)의 색택측정(色澤測定)에서 명도(明度)는 압착(壓搾)조건이 $70kg/cm^2$인 제품(製品)이 $35kg/cm^2$인 제품(製品)보다 더 좋았으며 쥐포가 16.4%인 경우 가슴살의 $70kg/cm^2$ 조건에서의 제품(製品)은 16.7%로 유사(類似)하였고, Dominant wavelength도 이와 같은 경향이었으며 따라서 쥐포의 색택(色澤)과 아주 근사(近似)한 황갈색이었다. 10. 노폐계육(老廢鷄肉)의 부위(部位)에 따라 제조(製造)된 제품(製品)과 표준구(標準區)인 쥐포와의 맛, 색깔, 조직(組織) 및 냄새 In order to investigate the utilization probability of two years old laying hen for W.L. and R.I.R. breeds, carcass weight and percentage were examined and dried old chicken meat products were manufactured for experiments. The results obtained are as follows. 1. Average living body weight were 1,635.40g for the W.L. breeds and 2,289.29g for the R.I.R. breeds and percentage carcass and lean meat for the W.L. were 58.73% and 43.95%, for the R.I.R. 60.34%, 41.98%, respectively. 2. In constitution percentage of carcass on different parts for W.L. and R.I.R. breeds, head were 4.13% and 3.94%, wing 9.97% and 8.62%, breast 32.54% and 20.94%, back 11.35% and 9.75%, thigh 30.75% and 31.34%, hypordermic fat 11.37% and 17.34%, respectively. 3. In constitution percentage of lean meat on different parts for W.L. and R.I.R. breeds, head were 4.03% and 3.95%, wing 9.47% and 9.79%, breast 39.37% and 38.14%, back 11.24% and 9.40%, thigh 36.16% and 38.74%, respectively. 4. In chemical composition of old chicken meat for W.L. breed, moisture was 68.18%, crude protein 22.80%, crude fat 2.70%, extract 5.15% and crude ash 1.18% and for R.I.R. breed, moisture was 68.04%, crude protein 22.18%, crude fat 3.13%, extract 5.45% and crude ash 1.21%. 5. Weight loss in steaming for W.L. at $121^{\circ}C$ for 30min., 60min., and 90min. were 54.91, 56.43 and 58.42%, respectively, and for R.I.R. were 45.23, 47.68 and 49.68%, respectively. 6. The yield of old chicken meat product per a hen were 253.01g for W.L. and 368.64g for R.I.R., the ratio for fresh meat weight and for carcass weight were 35.47% and 26.34% for W.L. breed and 38.25 and 26.83% for R.I.R. breed. 7. In chemical composition of old chicken meat product for W.L., moisture was 16.69%, crude protein 66.16%, crude fat 12.81%, crude ash 4.35%, and R.I.R., moisture 16.11%, crude protein 65.95%, crude fat 13.78% and crude ash 4.57%. 8. To investigate the physical properties which was main factor affecting the product quality, tensile strength, tear strength and elongation rate were measured. The adhesive force of the product made under pressure of $70kg/cm^2$ was similar to those of chipo which was the control product. 9. When measured the color of each protein product, lightness of the product pressed at $70kg/cm^2$ was better than that at $35kg/cm^2$, and the lightness of breast muscle product at $70kg/cm^2$ and chipo was not significant as 16.7% and 16.4%, respectively. Dominant wavelength of product pressed at $70kg/cm^2$ was very similar to chipo which was yellowish orange. 10. In the results of sensory evaluation test containing taste, color, chewing texture and oder of the meat product, when index of chipo as control product was 100, index of breast meat product was higher than that as 118.4, but miscellaneous product was 99.7 and thigh product was 96.2. 11. Summing up the results written above, the meat product utilizing two years old laying hen was compared favorably with its similar food such as chipo on the point of nutrition and physical properties as high protein food, therefore, it was thought that industrialization must be highly appropriate.

돼지의 이유전체중(離乳前體重)과 이유후형질(離乳後形質)에 대한 유전력(遺傳力)과 유전상관(遺傳相關)의 추정(推定)

한성욱,상병찬,이한옥,Han, Sung Wook,Sang, Byung Chan,Lee, Han Ok 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1987 Korean Journal of Agricultural Science Vol.14 No.1

본(本) 연구(硏究)는 1978년(年)부터 1983년(年)까지 국립종축원(國立種畜院)에서 사육(飼育)된 Landrace, Hampshire, Large Yorkshire 및 Duroc 종(種) 54 두(頭)의 종모돈(種牡豚)에서 생산(生産)된 253 두(頭)의 웅돈(雄豚)의 검정자료(檢定資料)를 이용(利用)하여 이유전(離乳前) 체중(體重)과 이유후(離乳後) 형질(形質)에 대한 유전력(遺傳力)과 유전상관(遺傳相關) 및 표현형상관(表現型相關)을 추정(推定)하였던바 그 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 유전력(遺傳力) 추정치에 있어서는 이유전체중(離乳前體重)인 생시체중(生時體重), 21 일령체중(日齡體重) 및 56 일령체중(日齡體重)에서 각각(各各) $0.233{\pm}0.160$, $0.485{\pm}0.185$ 및 $0.758{\pm}0.214$이었으며, 이유후체중(離乳後體重)인 일당증체량(日當增體量), 사과요구율(飼科要求率), 등지방(脂肪)두께, 90 kg 도달일령(到達日齡) 및 선발지수(選拔指數)에서 각각(各各) $0.270{\pm}0.164$, $0.350{\pm}0.174$, $0.272{\pm}0.165$, $0.887{\pm}0.221$ 및 $0.565{\pm}0.195$이었다. 2. 유전상관(遺傳相關) 추정치(推定値)에 있어서는 생시체중(生時體重)과 21 일령체중(日齡體重) 및 56 일령체중간(日齡體重間)에 각각(各各) 0.349 및 0.198 이었으며, 21 일령체중(日齡體重)과 56 일령체중간(日齡體重間)에는 0.907이었고, 일당증체중(日當增體重)과 사료요구율(飼料要求率), 등지방층(脂肪層)두께, 90 kg 도달일령(到達日齡) 및 선발지수간(選拔指數間)의 유전상관(遺傳相關) 각각(各各) -0.552, 0.107, -0.903 및 0.71 이었으며, 사료요구율(飼料要求率)과 등지방층(脂肪層)두께, 90 kg 도달일령(到達日齡) 및 선발지수간(選拔指數間)의 유전상관(遺傳相關)은 각각(各各) -0.058, 0.699 및 -0.942이었고, 등지방층(脂肪層)두께와 90 kg 도달일령(到達日齡) 및 선발지수간(選拔指數間)의 유전상관(遺傳相關)은 각각(各各) -0.237, -0.025 이었다. 3. 표현형상관(表現型相關) 추정치(推定値)에 있어서는 생시체중(生時體重)과 21 일령체중(日齡體重) 및 56 일령체중간(日齡體重間)에 각각(各各) 0.341, 0.287이었고, 21 일령체중(日齡體重)과 56 일령체중간(日齡體重間)에는 0.893이었으며, 일당증체량(日當增體量)과 사료요구율(飼料要求率), 등지방층(脂肪層)두께, 90 kg 도달일령(到達日齡) 및 선발지수간(選拔指數間)의 표현형상관(表現型相關) 각각(各各) -0.062, 0.093, -0.651 및 0.540이었고, 사료요구율(飼料要求率)과 등지방층(脂肪層)두께, 90 kg 도달일령(到達日齡) 및 선발지수간(選拔指數間)의 표현형상관(表現型相關)은 각각(各各) 0.105, 0.601 및 -0.613이었으며, 등지방층(脂肪層)두께와 90 kg 도달일령(到達日齡) 및 선발지수간(選拔指數間)의 표현형상관(表現型相關) 각각(各各) -0.040, -0.416 이었다. The study was conducted to estimate the heritabilities, genetic and phenotypic correlations on preweaning body weight and postweaning traits. The data analysis were the record of 253 male pigs produced from 54 boars of Landrace, Hampshire, Large Yorkshire and Duroc purebreds raised at National Animal Breeding Institute from 1978 to 1983. The results obtained in this study are summarized as follows. 1. The heritabilities of body weight at birth, 21days and 56days were $0.233{\pm}0.160$, $0.485{\pm}0.185$ and $0.758{\pm}0.214$, respectively, and the heritabilities estimated on postweaning traits were $0.270{\pm}0.164$ for average daily gain, $0.350{\pm}0.174$ for feed requirement, $0.272{\pm}0.165$ for backfat thickness, $0.887{\pm}0.221$ for days to 90Kg and $0.565{\pm}0.195$ for selection index. 2. Genetic correlations of body weight at birth with 21 days and 56 days were 0.349 and 0.19& and body weight at 21 days with 56 days was 0.907, and daily gain with feed requirement, backfat thickness, days to 90 Kg and selection index were -0.552, 0.107, -0.903 and 0.716, and feed requirement with backfat thickness, days to 90Kg and selection index were -0.058, 0.699 and -0.942, and backfat thickness with days to 90 Kg and selection index were -0.237 and -0.025, respectively. 3. Phenotypic correlations of body weight at birth with 21 days and 56 days were 0.342 and 0.287, and body weight at 21 days with 56 days was 0.893 and daily gain with feed requirement, backfat thickness, days to 90Kg and selection index were -0.062, 0.093, -0.651 and 0.540, and feed requirement with backfat thickness, days to 90Kg and selection index were 0.105, 0.601 and -0.613, and backfat thickness with days to 90Kg and selection index were -0.040, -0.416, respectively.