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체르니 100번 연습곡과 비교를 통한 구를리트 연습곡 op. 82의 난이도와 연주기술 분석
정은성 한국음악교육공학회 2015 음악교육공학 Vol.- No.25
The purpose of this study is to analyze Gurlitt' The First Steps of the Young Pianist, Op. 82 based on level and performance techniques and to collect alternative teaching materials of Czerny's 100 Progressive studies, Op. 139. This study lists piano exercises, composed in 19th century, that are similar to Czerny's piano work, Op. 139 in part of level and analyzes Gurlitt's piano work, Op. 82 according to level and performance techniques. As a result, Gurlitt's piano work, Op. 82, such as Czerny's piano work, Op. 139, included short technique pieces, presenting gradual difficulty and mostly consists of five finger exercise. Czerny and Gurlitt's piano exercises were stratified into similar level and performance techniques. Based on result, the study exhibited that Gurlitt;s piano works Op. 82 is possible to be one of the alternative teaching materials of Czerny's piano work, Op. 139. 본 연구는 19세기 교육용 테크닉 연습곡들 중 체르니 100번 연습곡과 난이도가 비슷한 구를리트 연습곡 op. 82의 난이도와 연주 기술을 비교·분석하여 체르니 100번 연습곡을 대체 할 수 있는 교육 자료를 확보하기 위한 것을 목적으로 한다. 체르니 100번 연습곡과 비슷한 난이도를 가진 19세기 교육용 피아노 테크닉 연습곡들을 조사하기 위해서 머그라의 저서에 수록된 연습곡들 중 체르니 100번 연습곡의 난이도 레벨 3-7에 해당되는 연습곡들을 조사하였고, 그 중 구를리트 연습곡 Op. 82를 난이도는 5단계로 연주 기술은 10항목으로 나누어 분석하였다. 분석결과 구를리트 연습곡 Op. 82는 체르니 100번 연습곡과 마찬가지로 100곡의 짧은 테크닉 연습곡들이 쉬운 난이도부터 어려운 것까지 점진적인 난이도로 구성되어있고, 연주 기술 측면에서는 다섯 손가락 훈련의 연주기술을 포함하는 곡들이 주를 이루어 유사성을 보여주었다. 이에 난이도와 연주 기술이 유사한 연습곡들끼리 정리하여, 피아노 테크닉 교재로서 체르니 연습곡에만 의존해서 사용하고 있는 피아노 교사와 학생들에게 테크닉 교재의 선택의 폭을 넓히는 중요한 교육 자료를 제공하였다.
정은성,김경태,이길성,Steven J. Burian 대한토목학회 2011 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.15 No.7
This paper presents advancements to the approach for Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) development in Korea. The current Korean TMDL process does not directly consider uncertainty and it does not include an objective approach to allocate pollutant load reductions. This paper develops a methodology to address uncertainty by incorporating a margin of safety (MOS) based on three approaches: judgment, standard error of loading characteristics, and uncertainty and variability of loading characteristics. In addition,three pollutant load reduction allocation approaches are compared to assess their impact: equal load, equal percent, and equity standard reductions. These two proposed additions to the TMDL process in Korea are demonstrated for a BOD TMDL development in the Anyangcheon Watershed. The results confirm the importance of incorporating uncertainty into the TMDL process and clearly illustrate the significant differences in TMDL and load allocation produced when using different approaches to estimate the MOS. Further, the comparison of the three load allocation strategies highlights the potential limitations of equal load and equal percent reduction approaches. The use of technical expert and decision maker ranking of factors create an equitable and sustainable load allocation among the sub-watersheds. It can be concluded that incorporating uncertainty and providing an objective load allocation strategy are essential elements needed for future TMDL development in Korea
Bayesian Rainfall Frequency Analysis with Extreme Value using the Informative Prior Distribution
정은성,김상욱 대한토목학회 2013 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.17 No.6
Determination of the frequency and the magnitude of the extreme rainfall events are very important for water resources management and the designs of the hydraulic structures because the extreme rainfall events and the resulting floods usually cause a lot of damage to life and properties of human society. Recently an increase in the occurrence of extreme events due to global warming has been observed all over the world. Therefore, it is required that the conventional rainfall frequency analysis methods may be reconsidered in two ways. Firstly, the conventional probability distributions used in the frequency analysis should be evaluated again whether the probability distribution can represent the effect of the extreme value or not. Also, the uncertainty in the rainfall frequency analysis should be quantified for the flexible water resources management. Therefore, the comparative study with the Gumbel distribution and the GEV(Generalized Extreme Value) distribution are performed to evaluate the efficiency of the GEV distribution in this article. Also, the Bayesian MCMC(Markov Chain Monte Carlo) scheme and the MLE with a quadratic approximation for parameter estimation are compared to show the advantage of the Bayesian MCMC in the aspect of uncertainty analysis. Especially, the informative prior distributions using the additional information are elicited in the process of the Bayesian MCMC.