가변 압축률 멀티미디어 데이터 저장 서버의 수용 제어

백윤철 상명대학교 자연과학연구소 1997 自然科學硏究 Vol.4 No.-

프랑스 지방분권에 관한 고찰-최근 동향(1999년)을 중심으로-

백윤철 한국토지공법학회 2000 土地公法硏究 Vol.9 No.-

문서 포렌식에서 종이와 필기구 요인에 따른 항상성 변화 연구

백윤철,이윤정 한국과학수사학회 2011 과학수사학회지 Vol.5 No.3

An individual’s handwriting characteristics and consistency are influenced by several factors. In this paper, ten participant's handwriting were collected under nine different combinations of conditions using three kinds of pens and writing tools in order to study the variation in consistency when different papers and writing tools were used, and an analysis of variance was performed. As a result, we found a statistically significant change in handwriting consistency.

소리바다와 온라인서비스사업자의 법적 책임

백윤철 한국스포츠엔터테인먼트법학회 2006 스포츠와 법 Vol.9 No.-

Soribada, the largest peer-to-peer music sharing service in South Korea, said yesterday the number of its paying subscribers exceeded 500,000 as of Saturday. The number of users who pay 3,000 won per month for unlimited music downloads has steadily increased since the charging system was first adopted on July 10, it said. In August alone, over 300,000 have registered as new subscribers. The company also said that it won a legal suit last week against 13 major music labels, which could strengthen its position in the ongoing dispute with the music industry over copyright issues. We have requested the Ministry of Culture and Tourism to revise the copyright law to include the fixed-rate music download service, and once we have the instruction, we will pay the music companies the right amount retroactively,’’ said Soribada’s executive Jang Seo-chan. Founded in 2002, Soribada, which means "sea of sound", is the largest Internet music store in South Korea. As of July, it had around 2.7 million daily visitors. The second most popular site, Melon, has around 2 million. It was closed in 2002 by a court order, and then it was reborn in 2004 as a peer-to-peer service which was viewed as legal at the time. However, it was again being pressured by the music industry that blamed peer-to-peer services for allowing illegal music sharing among anonymous users. Eventually, the company signed contracts with some 350 music rights holders this year and began to charge its users in July. Disgruntled by Soribada’s successful comeback, the music companies have been calling for government intervention. In a joint statement last month, 13 companies, which have asked the court to order Soribada to stop its services, insisting that it is neglecting the transfer of pirated music files. They also urged Soribada to abolish the fixed-rate price policy that allows users to download unlimited amount of music for only 3,000 won. Soribada said it is operating a digital rights protection team, in which some 20 employees monitor the copyright of music files transmitted through the server. There is no trouble in filtering and protecting the copyright of the songs,’’ said Park Jang-hyuk, the team’s chief. But peer-to-peer service has different ways of copyright protection from regular Web services, as the users themselves have the control over the contents. So we will focus on monitoring the download of illegal files.’ 인터넷상에서 디지털컨텐츠 중에 하나인 MP3파일이 유통되는데 있어서, 소모적인 분쟁을 해소하고 인터넷상 유통질서를 확립하기 위한 온라인서비스제공자의 책임자, 특히 소리바다를 중심으로 최근의 판결에 대해서 검토를 해보고, 법․제도의 미미점 보완과 통일적인 분쟁해결 지침을 마련하고, 실질적인 권리 보호에 만전을 기하기 위한 효과적인 권리피해 구제책을 제시하는 것이 중요하다. 또한 기술 발전 실태를 반영하고 지속적인 디지털콘텐츠산업의 발전과 IT기반 마련을 위한 기존의 비효율적인 법체계와 불합리한 법적용․해석 기준을 개선하기 위하여 본 논문에서 관렵법의 문제점을 제시하였다. 그리고 온라인서비스제공자의 부정한 정보제공에 대한 책임에 관련하여, 객관적인 기준에 의하여 그 책임을 물어야 하고, 전통적 사법적 선례와 이론으로는 해결하기 어려움이 따라서, 인터넷 서비스 제공자에게 책임을 부과하기 위해서는 새로운 법제도가 필요하다. 그러므로 입법과 사법적 선례를 통하여 온라인서비스제공자에게 책임을 명확히 한다면 전자거래와 디지털거래의 불법유통을 제거되리라 본다. 요약하면 본 논문은 온라인서비스사업자의 법적 책임과 온라인서비스사업자로서 소리바다문제를 다룬 논문이다.

헌법상 저작권과 영업비밀보호에 관한 연구

백윤철 한국스포츠엔터테인먼트법학회 2019 스포츠와 법 Vol.22 No.3

As the U.S.-China trade dispute has worsened recently in 2019, China's cyber espionage activities to steal new technologies from the U.S. are on the rise. According to the New York Times, China's cyber espionage activities have been suspended due to a cyber agreement signed by former President Barack Obama and Chinese President Xi Jinping in September 2015. However, since the inauguration of the Donald Trump administration, China's cyber espionage activities have resumed and the number of cyber spies has been increasing recently. China's cyber behavior has also changed. It was revealed for the first time in 2013 that officers of Unit 61398 of the Cyber Command under the People's Liberation Army's General Staff of the People's Liberation Army had hacked U.S. companies. Some officers who ran the unit were also indicted by the U.S. government. U.S. officials and experts said Chinese intelligence agencies are operating secret agents in a more private way than they used to be. Experts say China's cyber espionage activities are currently concentrated in U.S. commercial and industrial facilities and IT companies. At this time, the study of freedom of operations in the Constitution and the protection of U.S. trade secrets is meaningful, and Korea should enact a new form of the Industrial Spy Prevention Act or the Industrial Spy Act, such as the Economic Spy Act in the U.S., to expedite the enactment of an independent case to deal with the ever-increasing and increasing industrial espionage crimes and to impose strict and strong criminal penalties. In the case of Korea, unlike in the case of the U.S., there is no regulation on the punishment of foreign criminals in certain cases, which is largely necessary for legislative introduction in the sense that there is a high possibility of a trade secret violation abroad in the era of globalization. Also, it is necessary to legislate a closed-door and secret-keeping command system of psychology in order to prevent the expansion of business secrets during litigation, such as the case of the U.S. and Germany. Under the current law, the issue of collecting personal information is subject to considerable limitations according to the Personal Information Protection Act. In this case, it is difficult for the investigation to find out related suspicions, and there are side effects such as evidence and corruption due to the delay of the investigation due to the difficulty in identifying them, which the government should deal with from the National Security Council to settle the related companies immediately. Second, even though small businesses experience more than twice the number of industrial leakage incidents than large companies, the government should actively promote security system support projects for small businesses in the future given that they do not have a basic security system, such as physical security measures for access control and even high-tech companies are very vulnerable. Third, the standards of punishment for industrial secret leaks are too low to give an excuse for tolerance and connivance, thus discarding the proviso that "because the damage is small, it is a living crime because the damage is small," and that an act of industrial security is regarded as a maritime act and is strictly enforced regardless of the number or extent of the damage. 최근 2019년 들어서서 미・중 무역 분쟁으로 양국관계가 악화되고 있는 가운데 미국의 새로운 기술을 훔치기 위한 중국의 사이버 스파이 행위가 증가하고 있다. NYT에 따르면 버락 오바마 전 대통령과 시진핑 중국 국가주석이 2015년 9월 체결한 상호 해킹중단을 위한 사이버 협약으로 저작권에 관련된 중국의 사이버 스파이 행위는 일시 중단됐다. 그러나 도널드 트럼프 행정부 출범 이후 중국의 사이버 스파이 행위는 재개됐으며 최근 그 횟수가 증가하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 중국의 사이버 행위 본질도 바뀌었다. 중국 인민해방군 총참모부 산하 사이버 전담조직 61398부대 장교들이 미국 기업들을 해킹했다는 사실은 2013년에 처음 드러났다. 이 부대를 운영한 일부 장교들은 미국정부에 의해 기소되기도 했다. 미국의 관리들과 전문가들은 중국 정보기관들이 과거보다 더 은밀한 방법으로 비밀 요원들을 운영하고 있다고 전했다. 전문가들은 현재 중국의 저작권 사이버 스파이 행위가 미국의 상업 및 산업시설 및 IT업체에 집중되고 있다고 토로하고 있다. 이러한 시기에 헌법상 저작권과 미국의 영업비밀보호에 대한 연구는 의미가 있고, 우리나라도 미국의 ‘경제스파이법’과 같이 새로운 형태의 ‘산업간첩방지법’ 또는 ‘산업스파이법’ 을 조속히 제정하여 날로 증가되고 그리고 지능화되어가는 산업기밀 범죄를 독립사건으로 처리하여 엄격하고 강력한 형사처벌을 할 수 있도록 입법화 하여야 한다. 비교법적으로 한국의 경우에 미국의 경우와 달리 일정한 경우에 국외범의 처벌에 관한 규정이 없는데, 이는 국제화 시대에 국외에서 영업비밀침해의 가능성이 크다는 점에서 입법론적으로 그 도입의 필요성이 크다고 하겠다. 또한 소송절차에 있어서 미국과 독일의 경우와 같이 소송 진행 중에 영업비밀누출의 확대를 방지하고 영업비밀의 유지를 위해서 심리의 비공개와 비밀유지명령제도의 입법화가 필요하다고 하겠다. 그리고 현행법에서 개인정보수집의 문제는 개인정보보호법에 따라 상당한 제한이 가해지는데, 이 경우 산업기밀유출범죄에 있어서도 수사 이전단계에서는 관련 혐의파악을 위한 접근이 어려워 수사에 난항을 겪고 있으며, 시간을 지체하게 되어 증거은폐 등의 부작용이 방생하고 있다. 이에 정부는 첨단산업기밀보호법을 국가안보차원에서 다루어 관련 혐의 내・수사시 해당 기업에 대한 즉각 자료제출 의무조항을 신설하는 등 관련법 개정을 통해서 이를 조속히 해소해야 한다. 둘째로 중소기업이 대기업보다 산업기밀유출 사고가 2배 이상 많이 발생하고 있음에도 불구하고 보안시설 면에서 출입통제를 위한 물리적 보안조치 등 기본적 보안시스템도 갖추지 않고 있으며, 심지어 첨단기술을 보유한 기업조차도 보안시설이 상당히 취약한 점을 감안할 때, 정부는 향후 중소기업에 대한 보안시스템의 지원사업을 적극 전개해 나가야겠다. 세째로 산업기밀유출 사범에 대한 양형기준이 지나치게 낮아, 오히려 관용과 묵인이라는 빌미를 준다고 할 정도로 경미하게 되어 있어있다. 앞으로는 ”초범이기 때문에, 피해액이 적기 때문에, 생계형 범죄이기 때문에“ 라는 단서를 폐기하고, 산업보안 범죄는 해국행위로 간주하여 범행 횟수나 피해액의 정도에 관계없이 「부정경쟁방지법」 을 개정하여서라도 ‘경제간첩행위’를 규정해 엄격한 잣대로 양형기준을 대폭 상향조정...

인터넷 法學에 관한 試論

백윤철 경희대학교 국제법무대학원 2002 國際法務硏究 Vol.6 No.1

계엄법과 6.25전쟁에서 민간인 피해

백윤철 동국대학교 비교법문화연구원 2010 比較法硏究 Vol.10 No.3

인터넷法學의 成立과 課題

백윤철 한국인터넷법학회 2003 인터넷법연구 Vol.2 No.-

The Internet law can be defined as a legal science to deal with various legal affairs arising from the Internet. It covers such issues as hacking,freedom of expression, personal information prote ction, crimes based upon the Internet, electronic commerce, intellectual property rights, jurisdiction, ete. Then what kind of law is required in the Internet world? Take an example of electronic commerce. If you use digital money and employ electronic signature or certification, you may not be sure of the legal effects of offer, acceptance, effective payment and so on. These legal problems do not exist in the pre-Internet age. It means the traditional law and regulation would not operate effectively in the new Internet age. Nowadays ordinary people take to e-business and electronic cash, and legal affairs related with the Internet apply to everybody. Against these backdrops, the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) established the Model Law on Electronic Commerce in 1996. A number of states in the United States began to adopt uniform laws on computer information transactions, i.e., UETA or UelTA. In the new world of the Internet, states and governments are more often than not engaged in the legal quagmire. For example, citizen's unlimited access to public information, government's collection and utilization of citizens' information are usually on the top list of nation-wide disputes. In this regard, the government activities in the Internet should be strictly subject to the due process of law. So the border line between the public law and private law has been diminished. The most startling issue is cyber-terror which poses an impending danger to the whole nation, not to mention police. As we often experienced, cyber-terrorism by way of hacking and computer viruses makes havoc of the infrastructure of the society, and, in the worst case, paralyzes the basic function of the nation. It is quite different in dimension from the usual privacy or criminal issues. With respect to the freedom of expression, in the Internet era, any person shall be an information sovereign entitled to material equality. All citizens on the net, so-called netizens, are required to have capability to handle information. It's because privacy can be protected on condition that the data subject has an individual right to control the circulation of information relating to himself. An effective e-government is another target that each government aims for in the information age. It might be realized by digitalizing administrative services and promoting knowledge management so as to enhance the competitiveness of the nation. The digitalization of government services without any possible infringement on the citizens'fundamental rights and liberty calls for the legislation of relevant laws and regulations as well as the utilization of information technologies. In the area of e-commerce, any legal disputes or troubles regarding transactions in the cyber shopping mall would undermine the safety and trustworthiness of transactions on the parr of consumers. And the electronic payment system and taxation of digital goods would be improved by concerted efforts of states involved in the international trade. Social changes triggered by the developments of the Internet as described above necessitate the effectively operating legal infrastructure. Each and every players in the Internet world including the government, academic community and business circles should take parr in the legislation and implementation of the Internet law. In other words, the Internet law is a legal science in the primitive stage, which will be upgraded by integrated efforts of all the players.

불란서(佛蘭西)에서 환경권(環境權)

백윤철,김한양 국제헌법학회, 한국학회 2008 世界憲法硏究 Vol.14 No.2

"Broad principles of Environmental Law as well as Environment right is not prescribed to the constitution, and is prescribed according to law". It is code of 1 clause of Barnier Law This study limits study target to Barnier Law that is international law, and studies Barnier Law and European Union rule. Discussion on environment right does not stop in Environmental Law unique problem and there are human rights and relation on modern society. There is code about broad principles of Environmental Law that Barnier law decides two. First, right of good environment, second, is deciding broad principles of specific Environmental Law individually. Environmental Law is doing part which international rule of international treaty is big. Specially, when study France environmental law, I can not ignore European Community or European Union law and relativity.

지적재조사 제반 문제점과 해결방안

백윤철 한국지적정보학회 2006 한국지적정보학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-