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병렬 배치된 FLBT 및 LNG-BS에 작용하는 풍하중 및 조류하중에 대한 풍동 시험 및 경험식 비교 연구
박병원(Byeongwon Park),정재환(Jae-Hwan Jung),황성철(Sung-Chul Hwang),조석규(Seok-Kyu Cho),정동호(Dongho Jung),성홍근(Hong Gun Sung) 한국해양공학회 2017 韓國海洋工學會誌 Vol.31 No.4
In recent years, LNG bunkering terminals are needed to supply LNG as fuel to meet the emission requirements of the International Maritime Organization (IMO). A floating LNG bunkering terminal (FLBT) is one of the most cost-effective and environmentally friendly LNG bunkering systems for storing LNG and transferring it directly to an LNG fuel vessel. The FLBT maintains its position using mooring systems such as spread mooring and turret mooring. The loads on the vessel and mooring lines must be carefully determined to maintain their positions within the operable area. In this study, the wind loads acting in several side-by-side arrangements on the FLBT and LNG-BS were estimated using wind tunnel tests in the Force Technology, and the shielding effect due to the presence of ships upstream was evaluated. In addition, the empirical formulations proposed by Fujiwara et al. (2012) were used to estimate the wind force coefficients acting on the FLBT and those results were compared with experimental results.
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조병욱(Jo, Byeong-uk),박병원(Park, Byeongwon) 미래학회 2017 미래연구 Vol.2 No.1
인공지능 기술의 발달과 함께 컴퓨터 프로그램인 알고리즘을 통해 사람 대신 로봇이 기사를 쓰는 로봇저널리즘 역시 상용화 단계에 접어들었다. 2000년대 들어 주식시황 전달이나 스포츠 경기 결과, 재난 상황 등 수치 기반 보도가 많은 분야에서 로봇저널리즘이 널리 활용되고 있다. 로봇저널 리즘이 쓸 수 있는 기사의 영역이 점차 늘어나는 가운데 실제 보도 현장에서 발생할 윤리적 갈등에 대한 가이드라인이 필요하다는 목소리가 높아지고 있다. 사회적 공감대와 학문적 논의들을 반영한 새로운 로봇저널리즘의 윤리 기준을 제시하기 위해 본 연구는 우선 기존 인공지능 활용의 영역에서 차용 되는 윤리 기준과 현존하는 국내외 저널리즘 윤리강령들을 분석, 언론계의 최근 논제들과 맞물려 있는 핵심어를 추출해 범주화했다. 더불어 실제 보도 현장에서 발생하는 윤리적 갈등의 양태 분석을 위해 언론중재위원회의 최근 3년간 시정 권고 사례 1652건의 발생 및 조정 경과를 살펴보고, 다양한 매체 에서 활동 중인 현직 언론인 9명의 심층 인터뷰를 진행했다. 이를 종합한 결과, 본 연구는 큰 틀에서 다음과 같은 5가지 맥락의 윤리 기준을 도출해낼 수 있었다. 보편적 인권의 추구, 저널리즘의 공익적 역할 준수, 정보의 빈부격차 해결을 위한 노력, 개인정보보호의 문제, 로봇저널리즘 활용의 부작용 방지 등이다. 한편 본 연구 과정에서는 현실적 제약으로 인해 헌법에 명시된 국민의 알권리와 윤리강령 사이에 발생하는 필연적인 충돌 부분에 대한 명쾌한 해답을 제시하지 못하는 한계도 있었다. 다만 이미 언론계에서 오랫동안 통용 되어온 윤리강령이 다양한 형태로 존재하고 있다는 점, 기존 윤리강령들이 대체로 언론의 순기능에 부합한다고 인정받는 점 등을 감안하면 이 부분은 로봇저널리즘 윤리 기준이 사회적으로 공론화되는 과정에서 적합한 합의점을 찾을 수 있을 것으로 전망된다. Robot Journalism based on artificial intelligence is now used in various fields such as economy, sports, and disaster reports. If data such as a stock market index, economic indicators, or game results are input in a certain format, Robot Journalism converts them into an article. As it can work 24 hours a day and there is no restriction by the amount of data, Robot Journalism is attracting attention from the media industry. But there are also many concerns that Robot Journalism without ‘human conscience’ will bring new ethical conflicts. Existing journalism, although not perfect, is regulated by laws and standards that are shared among current reporters. If a conflict arises, the Press Arbitration Committee which is a quasi-legal entity may arbitrate. In the field of Robot journalism, however, it is not clearly defined how the algorithms should be structured to prevent possible ethical conflicts. Based on this awareness, this study analyzed thousands of cases of last three years that requested for a correction through the Press Arbitration Committee. Also, it examined existing codes of ethics commonly used in the fields of artificial intelligence and journalism, and extracted key words that emerged in common. Finally, it suggests new ethical standards that Robot Journalism can refer to. The conclusions drawn from this study are as follows. Articles produced by Robot Journalism should pursue the universal human rights and the public interest, find a way to solve the Digital Divide problem and always be aware of a possibility its activities infringe the freedom of individuals. Also, the one who utilises Robot Journalism should consider a wide range of side effects it may cause.
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글로벌 충격에 대응하는 과학기술 다자협력 전략: 유엔시스템을 중심으로
신은정(Eunjung Shin),박환일(Hwanil Park),박병원(Byeongwon Park),성경모(Kyung-Mo Sung),박동운(Dongun Park),장용석(Yongsuk Jang),장진규(Jin Gyu Jang),권소현(So Hyun Kwon),김지은(Ji Eun Kim),최동주(Dong Ju Choi),김진하(Jinha Kim),오채운(Ch 과학기술정책연구원 2021 정책연구 Vol.- No.-
This study was designed to develop multilateral STI (Science, Technology and Innovation) cooperation strategies in response to the global shocks that we are currently experiencing and that may arise in the future. To this end, this paper first investigated the development of multilateral STI cooperation centered on the United Nations system (UN system), and then surveyed UN system’s response to global shocks such as COVID-19. The key findings of this study are summarized as follows. First, STI cooperation in the UN system has been continuously promoted as a means of achieving international security and development since the establishment of the UN. Security-related STI cooperation has been mainly discussed at the Security Council and the UN General Assembly, and the Related Agencies, such as IAEA, CTBTO, and OPCW, have been also playing a key role. Moreover, STI cooperation for development has been heavily discussed at the Economic and Social Council including CSTD and ESCAP, and Specialized Agencies such as ITU, UPU, IMO, WMO, UNESCO, WIPO, and WHO have also played a significant role for STI cooperation. Furthermore, policy agendas related to innovation, sustainable development, and digital technology have been increasingly emphasized for STI cooperation within the UN system these days. Recently developed organizations, such as the Technology Facilitation Mechanism (TFM) for Sustainable Development, and UNFCCC, are dealing with these emerging needs for STI cooperation. Second, the United Nations system has evolved to respond to global shocks. It has broadened the scope of cooperation in response not only to global security risk but also to economic and financial crises. It has further developed multi-lateral cooperation schemes to cope with various environmental emergencies as well as health emergencies. In particular, the UN system has devised and delivered immediate and comprehensive emergency responses in the amid of the recent COVID-19 pandemic. From the beginning of the outbreak, it defined COVID-19 as a complex crises that combine not only health issues but also socio-economic and humanitarian threats and strived to take comprehensive measures. In this process, the following needs for STI cooperation were identified and met: 1) joint research and R&D collaboration for scientific solutions to COVID-19 (treatment, diagnosis, vaccine, and prevention measures), 2) research data and resource sharing for accelerating R&D, 3) digital technology-based assistance to overcome crises, and 4) global consultation and communication based on reliable scientific information and knowledge. The occurrence of global shocks has led to new development of science-policy interfaces in the UN system. In order to fully utilize the newly created STI cooperation opportunities in emergencies, this study proposes to (1) support more STI experts to get engaged in UN cooperation process, (2) increase Korea’s contribution to global joint research and technology cooperation that directly tackle global crises, (3) actively participate in the UN’s system coordination activities and digital cooperation initiatives, and (4) to propose and lead a future STI cooperation agenda, such as crisis response based on future foresight. Furthermore, it is recommended to continuously strengthen Korea’s existing activities for STI cooperation in the UN system. Lastly, although not fully addressed in this study, STI cooperation beyond the UN system is so important that requires further research.
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과학기술혁신 정보 분석을 통한 증거기반정책의 활용 기반 구축
양현채(Hyeonchae Yang),이혁(Hyeok Lee),백대현(Daehyun Baek),김민정(Minjung Kim),박병원(Byeongwon Park) 과학기술정책연구원 2021 정책연구 Vol.- No.-
Evidence-based policies refer to efforts to promote policies based on scientifically and objectively explainable grounds. In science and technology, social expectations for addressing economic growth, employment, and global problems through science, technology, and innovation increase, and the budget for science, technology, and innovation increases. Accordingly, evidence-based policies are attracting attention as budgetary accountability is emphasized, and how to use the limited budget to achieve the maximum effect is emerging as a major issue in science and technology innovation policies. Efforts to strengthen evidence-based science and technology policies began to materialize at home and abroad in the middle years of the first decade of the new millennium. Since 2005, the United States has continued to strive for the Science of Science and Innovation Policy(SciSIP). South Korea is focusing its attention on building a foundation for promoting data-oriented R&D policies, such as the National Science & Technology Information Service(NTIS). As the policy environment has recently changed, the need to reorganize the direction of evidence-based policies has begun to arise. Evidence is now needed to explain emerging types of innovation, such as service innovation, and to quickly respond to unprecedented situations such as COVID-19 and Japans export controls. Moreover, as the impact of science, technology, and innovation on society is expanding, a methodology to evaluate social performance such as inequality reduction, environmental sustainability, and social inclusion is required. In addition to national R&D projects, papers, and patents, real-time data such as SNS and blogs have been steadily accumulating, and the increasing attempts to generate evidence by using the intelligent information technology also contribute to revisiting evidence-based policies. Meanwhile, the South Korean government is also creating a legal and systematic basis for revitalizing evidence-based policies, such as the enforcement of the Data-Based Administration Act, the complete revision of the Framework Act on Intelligent Informatization, and the passage of the Data Framework Act.‘ In this light, this research was carried out to explore the directions for activating evidence-based policies with a view to improving the systemicity of the science and technology policies. It is to establish a research foundation by explaining the conceptual model of evidence-based science and technology policy decision-making and thereby discover future projects. This research consists of a total of five chapters. Chapter 1 describes the background and purpose of the research, and Chapter 2 examines the concept and role of evidence in science, technology, and innovation policies through an analysis of prior researches. Chapter 3 reviews the current status of science, technology, and innovation policies based on the framework for understanding of evidence-based policies. As a case study, Chapter 4 explores the possibility of generating evidence using artificial intelligence through collaborative research with the KISTI Future Technology Analysis Center, analyzes the status of evidence used in policies, and looks around the status of the policy platform, a new mode emerging lately as an evidence broker. Finally, Chapter 5 concludes this research by suggesting future tasks based on changes in the evidence-based policy environment.
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