정부총지출이 정부효과성에 미치는 영향

문지은(Moon Ji Eun) 서울행정학회 2009 한국사회와 행정연구 Vol.20 No.3

The debate on big government and small government has always been a central issue in political reform, however, there has not been much research on the relationship between size of government and the effectiveness of government policies. This paper using a panel data set of 40 OECD and non-OECD countries from 1996 to 2004 will analyze and compare how the size of the government affects the effectiveness of government policies. Assuming the relationship between the size of the government and the effectiveness of the government’s policies are affected by the level of modernity and economic development, dividing OECD and non-OECD countries, the results were significant. In OECD countries the critical hypothesis that the relationship between government size and the effectiveness of government policies is an inverted U-shape rather than a linear one was confirmed. In non-OECD countries the analysis did not produce robust results. According to the analysis, for OECD countries, those that have modern and developed economic institutions, the effectiveness of government policy increases with size of the government until the specific critical point. Past this point, the size of the government has adverse effects on the effectiveness of government policy.

스마트 러닝 환경에서 학습자 평가 관리를 위한 웹 및 앱 개발

문지은(Moon ji-eun),김병준(Kim boung-jun),박윤하(Park yoon-ha),임혜린(Im hye-rin),홍유진(Hong yoo-jin),반창준(Ban chang-jun),박찬정(Park chan-jung) 한국콘텐츠학회 2014 한국콘텐츠학회 종합학술대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.11

학령기 아동의 학년별 말 속도 및 비유창성 특성

문지은(Ji Eun Moon),권도하(Do Ha Kwon) 한국언어치료학회 2015 言語治療硏究 Vol.24 No.1

Purpose: The study of school-aged children's speech rates and disfluency characteristics is considered to be useful for the diagnosis, evaluation, treatment planning, and treatment closure for school-aged children who stutter. This study compared school-aged children's speech rates, disfluency ratios and disfluency types to see if there were any differences in speech rates and disfluency characteristics based on grades. Methods: This study observed 243 elementary school students using the elementary school picture telling examination to collect spontaneous speech data. All collected data were made as manuscripts and the speech rates, total disfluency ratio, and disfluency type ratio of all subjects were reviewed. Results: First, there was a positive correlation between speech rates and grades. Second, no significant difference could be found in total disfluency ratio depending on grades. Third, the ratio of revision in all grades was over 30%. Last, the ratio of interjection showed a positive correlation with grades, whereas the ratio of partial word repetition showed a negative correlation with grades. Conclusions: Speech rates increased with grades, in particular, children could reach adult speech rates in sixth grade. Second, regardless of grade, school-aged children produce some magnitude of disfluency. Third, revision is shown in the process of self-monitoring on speech and therefore it can be concluded that the majority of school-aged children have developed the ability to monitor their speech. Last, this study found that students in higher grades produce more complex speech and use interjection as a strategy to gain more time for planning speech. Partial word repetition is shown when phonological encoding of words is difficult. Thus, the negative correlation between the frequency of partial word repetition with grades can be interpreted as the result of the stabilization of phonological idea and encoding as the children get older.

여자고등학생의 진로정체감 지위에 따른 진로결정 수준과 진로스트레스: Vocational Identity Status Assessment 모형을 중심으로

문지은 ( Jee Eun Moon ),이지혜 ( Ji Hae Lee ),이상민 ( Sang Min Lee ) 안암교육학회 2015 한국교육학연구 Vol.21 No.3

본 연구는 여자고등학생의 진로정체감 지위가 VISA 모형에 따라 6개(성취, 유실, 혼미, 유예, 탐색유예, 미분화)로 군집화 되는지 확인하고, 진로결정수준과 진로스트레스에 대한 집단별차이검증을 수행하였다. 본 연구는 서울의 한 여자고등학교에 재학하고 있는 430명의 여자고등학생들을 대상으로 이루어졌으며, 자료처리는 계층적 방법(Ward)과 비계층적 방법을 사용한 K-평균 군집분석, 공변량분석 및 Bonferroni 사후검증이 실시되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, ‘성취 (n=40)’, ‘유실 (n=47)’, ‘혼미 (n=76)’, ‘유예 (n=87)’, ‘탐색유예(n=87)’, ‘미분화 (n=93)’의 6개의 진로정체감 지위 모형이 타당한 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 군 집별로 진로결정수준에서 유의미한 진로결정 수준의 차이가 있었다. 사후검증 결과, 유예와 혼미에 비해 탐색유예와 미분화가, 탐색유예와 미분화 보다는 성취, 유실 지위에서 높은 진로결정수준을 보였다. 셋째, 군집별로 진로스트레스에서 유의한 차이가 있었다. 사후검증 결과, 성취와 유실 지위에서 진로스트레스가 가장 낮았으며, 그 다음으로 탐색유예와 미분화가유예와 혼미 지위에 비해 낮은 진로스트레스를 보였다. 본 연구결과는 고등학생 진로상담에서 VISA 모형을 활용하여 여자고등학생의 진로발달특성을 살펴봤다는 점에서 의의가 있다. 마지막으로 연구의 한계와 후속 연구에 대한 제언을 논의하였다. This study examined whether the vocational identity status of Korean women high school students could be confirmed as six profiles (i.e. the achieved, searching moratorium, moratorium, foreclosed, diffused, and the undifferentiated) according to the Vocation Identity Status Assessment(VISA) model. Also, this study investigated group differences of career decision level and career stress. This study was conducted with 430 women high school students, and data analysis consisted of hierarchical cluster analysis(Ward``s method), k-means cluster analysis, analysis of covariances (ANCOVA) and post-hoc analysis. The results are stated below. First, six profiles of vocational identity status including the achieved(n=40), foreclosed(n=47), diffused(n=76), moratorium(n=87), searching moratorium(n=87), and the undifferentiated(n=93) were confirmed. Second, there were significant group differences concerning the career decision level. Post-hoc analyses revealed that the achieved and the foreclosed had the highest career decision level followed by searching moratorium and undifferentiated group. Moratorium and the diffused showed the lowest score on career decision level. Third, there were significant group differences on the level of career stress level. Post-hoc analyses revealed that the achieved and the foreclosed had the lowest career stress, followed by searching moratorium and the undifferentiated. Searching moratorium and undifferentiated group showed lower career stress compared to moratorium and diffused group. The implication from the study results is that this study aimed to find the different characteristics of career development status of women high school students. Future research guidelines as well as the limitations of the study are dealt.

R을 이용한 이상점 탐지 알고리즘의 구현

송규문,문지은,박철용,Song, Gyu-Moon,Moon, Ji-Eun,Park, Cheol-Yong 한국데이터정보과학회 2011 한국데이터정보과학회지 Vol.22 No.3

불법 오물 투기는 정부가 당면한 시급한 문제들 중의 하나이다. 최근 들어 관련기관들은 실시간으로 연속적으로 수질의 상태를 감지 할 수 있는 화학적 산소요구량 자동측정기를 강과 하천 등에 설치하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 시계열 간섭모형을 이용하여 화학적 산소요구량 자동측정기로부터 발생하는 데이터를 분석하여 투기시점이라고 여겨지는 이상점을 탐지하는 알고리즘을 R언어를 이용하여 구현한다. R을 이용한 알고리즘을 통해 단계별 계산에서 수동 작업을 피할 수 있기 때문에 알고리즘의 자동화를 달성할 수 있고, 한 단계 더 나아가 모의실험에서 사용될 수 있을 것이다. Illegal waste dumping is one of the major problems that the government agency monitoring water quality has to face. Recently government agency installed COD (chemical oxygen demand) auto-monitering machines in river. In this article we provide an outlier detection algorithm using R based on the time series intervention model that detects some outlier values among those COD time series values generated from an auto-monitering machine. Through this algorithm using R, we can achieve an automatic algorithm that does not need manual intervention in each step, and that can further be used in simulation study.

IoT 와 블록체인을 활용한 컨테이너의 지능화 구현

김영은 ( Young-eun Kim ),김현아 ( Hyun-a Kim ),문지은 ( Ji-eun Moon ),이화경 ( Hwa-gyeong Lee ),김석중 ( Kim Seokjung ) 한국정보처리학회 2020 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.27 No.2

해상 운송에 사용되는 기존 컨테이너 화물을 대상으로, 내부부착 장비를 통한 실시간 IoT 모니터링 시스템 및 컨테이너 정보보안을 위한 블록체인을 구축함으로써 편리성 및 보안성을 강화하여 컨테이너의 지능화를 구현한다. 이 연구를 통해 해상 운송의 단점을 보완하고, 기존 컨테이너의 규격과 형식을 크게 변경하지 않고 컨테이너를 지능화할 수 있음을 기대할 수 있다.

VR 환경에서 몰입감 향상을 위한 디지털 휴먼 눈 구현의 특성 연구

윤개리 ( Yun Gery ),문지은 ( Moon Ji Eun ),이경현 ( Lee Kyung Hyun ),한정엽 ( Han Jungyeob ) 한국공간디자인학회 2020 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.15 No.8

(연구배경 및 목적) 최근 ICT 기술의 발달로 인해 VR 관련 산업이 점차 확대되고 있으며, 이와 더불어 가상현실(Virtual Reality) 속에서의 상호작용과 감성 커뮤니케이션의 중요성이 증대되고 있다. 이용자들은 가상의 아바타인 디지털 휴먼(digital human)을 활용해 가상의 공간에서 대화 상대방과 직접 면대면의 대화와 직접적인 감정 교류 및 의사소통이 가능해졌다. 현재까지 표정을 통한 의사소통에 관한 연구는 다양한 측면에서 진행되어왔으나 감정 전달에서 가장 중요한 요소인 눈에 관한 연구는 얼굴의 일부로만 다루어져 왔으며, 다른 요소들을 제외한 눈의 특성 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 그러나 VR 산업에서 가상현실 속 커뮤니케이션 시 체험자 눈의 움직임을 추적하여 얼굴 표정을 표현하는 기술 개발이 이슈화되는 시점에서 이는 눈이 감정 전달의 가장 중요한 매개체로 역할하고 있음을 보여준다. 따라서 가상현실 환경에서 디지털 휴먼의 몰입감 향상을 위한 눈 구현의 특성들이 몰입감에 미치는 영향을 검증하고, 감성적 상호작용을 가능하게 하는 디지털 휴먼의 눈 제작의 방법을 제시하는 것이 본 연구의 목적이다. (연구방법) 본 연구의 방법은 첫째로 선행 연구를 바탕으로 VR 공간 속 커뮤니케이션의 몰입감을 높일 수 있는 디지털 휴먼 눈의 시각적 표현 및 기술적인 특성을 도출하였다. VR 환경에서 몰입감 향상을 위한 디지털 휴먼 눈 구현의 특성은 쌍방향 상호작용성, 감성적 표현 구현, 시각 처리 기술, 눈의 생물학적 특성 반영으로 도출하였다. 둘째, 체험자들에게 새롭게 제안하는 눈 구현 특성을 디지털 휴먼에 적용한 콘텐츠들에 대한 설문조사를 실시하여 몰입감을 비교 분석한다. 몰입감을 향상하는 눈 특성들 적용 여부에 따른 체험자의 몰입감에 대한 반응을 38명의 피실험자를 대상으로 선행연구를 바탕으로 설문 문항(18 문항)을 제작하여 Likert 5점 척도로 보고하였으며, 대응표본 T 검정(paired t-test)을 실시하였다. (결과) 실험 결과, 몰입감을 유도하는 눈 특성들이 적용된 경우 몰입감이 증가하는 것을 확인하였다. 도출한 실험 결과를 바탕으로 몰입감을 이끌어 내는 디지털 휴먼 눈 구현 요소들을 검증 및 규명하였다. (결론) 본 논문에서는 VR 환경 속에서 디지털 휴먼을 활용한 의사소통 시 몰입감을 향상할 수 있는 구체적인 눈의 시각적인 구현 방법을 탐구하고, 감정적인 소통을 실현할 앞으로의 디지털 휴먼의 제작 및 발전 방향을 밝히는 것을 목표로 한다. (Background and Purpose) VR-related industries are gradually expanding, spurred by recent advancement of ICT technology, and along with that, interaction and emotional communication in VR(Virtual Reality) take on greater importance. Users can have face-to-face conversations, direct emotional exchanges and communications with conversation counterparts in virtual space by utilizing the digital human, the virtual avatars. Research on the communication through facial expressions have been conducted in various aspects to date, but the research investigating the eye, the most important element in conveying emotions, has been dealt with only as a part of the face, and there has been a lack of studies that investigated the characteristics of the eye while excluding other factors. However, role of the eye as the most important media in the conveyance of emotions is highlighted as the development of technology, tracking user's eye movements during communication in virtual reality, emerges as an issue in VR industry. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to verify the effect of the Characteristics of Implementing Digital Human eyes that improves the immersion in virtual reality environment, and to present a method of eye production of digital human that enables emotional interaction. (Methodology) For the methodology used in this study, we, firstly, derived the visual expression and technical characteristics of digital human eye which could increase immersion of communication in VR space based on preceding studies. The characteristics of digital human eye implementation for improving immersion in VR environment were derived as two-way interactions, implementation of emotional expression, visual processing technology, and reflection of biological characteristics of eyes. Secondly, the immersion was analyzed and compared by conducting a questionnaire survey on contents that applied eye implementation characteristics, which were proposed newly to users experiencing the VR contents, to digital humans. A questionnaire(18 questions) was designed for 38 subjects to investigate the response of users, experiencing the VR contents, to the immersion, depending on application of eye characteristics that improved immersion, and the results were reported on the Likert 5-point scale, followed by the paired t-test. (Results) The results of experiment showed that immersion increased when eye characteristics inducing the immersion were applied. Based on the derived results of experiment, the elements of digital human eye which induced immersion were verified and examined. (Conclusion) This study was intended to explore specific methods for visual implementation of eye which could improve immersion during the communications using the digital humans in VR environment and to set the course for creation and development of digital humans realizing the emotional communication in the period ahead.

CAD/CAM의 치과적 응용

최호식(Ho sik Choi),문지은(Ji eun Moon),김성훈(Sung-Hun Kim) 대한치과의사협회 2012 대한치과의사협회지 Vol.50 No.3

Dental computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) technology have rapidly progressed over the past 30 years. The technology, which can be used in the dental laboratory, the dental office and the form of production centers, has become more common in recent years. This technology is now applied to inlays, onlays, crowns, fixed partial dentures, removable partial denture frameworks, complete dentures, templates for implant installation, implant abutments, and even maxillofacial prostheses. Dentists and dental technicians, who want to use these techniques, should have certain basic knowledge about that. This article gives an overview of CAD/CAM technologies, histories and how it applies in prosthetic dentistry.

구강 내 디지털 인상채득을 통한 상악 전치부 임플란트 즉시 임시 보철 수복 증례

장윤정,김홍준,송미경,문지은,이한라,박찬익,Chang, Yun-Jeong,Kim, Hong-Jun,Song, Mi-Kyoung,Moon, Ji-Eun,Lee, Hal-La,Park, Chan-Ik 대한치과보철학회 2015 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.53 No.3

디지털 기술의 발달로 무치악 부위의 임플란트 수복 시 그 진단과 치료 과정 전반에 걸쳐 구강 내 3차원 정보를 데이터화하여 보철물을 제작하는 것이 가능해졌다. 전통적인 인상채득 방식을 이용하여 모델을 만들고 이것을 스캔하여 보철물을 제작하던 CAD/CAM 이용 방식에서 벗어나 디지털 인상 코핑(scanbody)을 사용함으로써 모델 없이 디지털 인상을 채득하고 임플란트 임시 보철물 및 해부학적 지대주를 제작하는 술식으로 변화하고 있다. 그러나 아직 이러한 술식은 활발히 이루어지고 있지 않으며 특히 심미성이 요구되어 연조직 외형의 인기가 중요한 상악 전치부 임플란트 즉시 부하에서의 사용은 그 사례가 많지 않다. 이에 따라 본 증례 보고에서는 3명의 상악 전치부 단일 임플란트 수복 환자에서 디지털 인상 코핑(scanbody)을 체결한 후 구강 내 스캐너인 CEREC Omnicam (Sirona, Bensheim, Germany) 또는 Trios (3shape, Copenhagen, Denmark)로 디지털 인상채득을 통해 임플란트 지대주 및 임시 보철물을 제작하였다. 그 결과 디지털 인상채득을 통한 편리성, 정확성 그리고 최종 보철물의 양호한 심미성을 얻어 보고하고자 한다. Developing of digital technique, it is possible to fabricate implant prostheses for edentulous area using intraoral 3-dimentional information throughout implant diagnosis and treatment process. It is being changed that from the method using CAD/CAM, producing prostheses by model scanning after conventional impression and model processing, to the method of fabricating implant provisional restorations and customized abutments by digital impression after connecting digital impression copings (scanbody) and implant fixtures without models. But, this digital method has not been actively used for implant prostheses not yet. Specially, it is short of intraoral digital impression cases for immediate provisional restorations of the maxillary anterior implants. The gingival contour impression of maxillary anterior area is very important for esthetic restorations. Accordingly, in this case report, the using a digital impression coping (scanbody) and digital impression by CEREC Omnicam (Sirona, Bensheim, Germany) or Trios (3shape, Copenhagen, Denmark) were introduced for immediate provisional restorations in 3 cases needed a single implant restoration in maxillary anterior area. The clinical results were satisfactory on the convenience and accuracy of digital impression technique and the good esthetics of final restorations.

의회예산제도지수(Legislative Budget Institution Index) 구축에 관한 연구

김춘순(Kim, Choon soon),문지은(Moon, Ji Eun) 서울행정학회 2012 한국사회와 행정연구 Vol.22 No.4

The purpose of involving the legislative branch in the budget process is to promote good governance, control the executive’s power. and improve the efficiency of fiscal management. The legislative arm should work to approve the budget, laws, and oversee the executive. The requirement for legislative approval of financial measures is a democratic foundation stone that is enshrined in Constitutions around the world. Though the exact role and capacity may differ, each legislature has budgetary powers from the Organic budget law or Constitution. While case studies have been conducted on budget institutions, few have included quantitative measures or compared legislative budget institutions. This study constructs a legislative budget institution index, using the 2007ㆍ2008 OECD and World Bank survey of budget practices and procedures database, for the purpose of cross-national comparison and explaining differences. The index, constructed using the methods of Wehner and Alesina et al., arranges 48 countries according to two-sub indices: financial power and organization capacity. The results reveal the United States, with its presidential system, to have the highest scores. Sweden, which has experience of budgetary and financial reform has the second highest score. On the other hand, England, Ireland, and Canada, which operate under the Westminster-system have low scores. Government system is found to have a significant impact on the legislative budget institution index, whether OECD membership is controlled for or not. Similarly, the financial power index is found to be significant, but the organization capacity index has less impact.