Mental Health and Related Factors of Adolescent Students During Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic

Tian’ge Lu,Yao Yu,Zhonghui Zhao,Rongjuan Guo 대한신경정신의학회 2022 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.19 No.1

Objective Adolescents are at a special stage of physical and mental development, which is a susceptible period for mental disorders. Since the outbreak of coronavirus pneumonia in December 2019, long term stress may have negative effects on the mental health of the adolescents. In the context of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the study was designed to investigate the mental and psychological health of adolescents in China and its possible related factors. Methods A cross-sectional study design was adopted using a structured questionnaire which were distributed through the Internet to measure depression, anxiety, life events and stress related factors. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analyses were conducted to process the data. Results The final sample comprised 795 adolescents. The total detection rate of depression was 76.48% and the total detection rate of anxiety was 33.08%. ANOVA showed that there were significant differences in depression scores in terms of gender, anxiety scores, history of mental disorders, COVID-19 knowledge reserve, family and social contradictions (p<0.05). And there were significant differences in anxiety scores in terms of gender, depression scores, mental health knowledge reserves, family and social contradictions (p<0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed that anxiety score, health status and COVID-19 knowledge reserve were positively associated with depression score (p<0.01), and history of psychosocial disorders was negatively associated with depression score (p<0.05); depression score, family and social contradictions were significantly positively correlated with anxiety score (p<0.01), and history of mental disorders was significantly negatively correlated with SDS score (p<0.01). Conclusion During the outbreak of COVID-19, adolescent students with better understanding of the pandemic, more complete knowledge of mental health, and better family and social relationship had less impact on their mental health. Therefore, to ensure a sound social support system, elaborate health instruction, and family communication and mutual understanding are conducive to alleviating the psychological stress caused by the epidemic, and it is positive for adolescent students to maintain a good mental health.

기계적 자극이 치주인대 세포의 osteoprotegerin과 receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand mRNA 발현에 미치는 영향

이기주,이승일,황충주,,옥승호,전옥순 대한치과교정학회 2005 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.35 No.4

본 연구는 치주인대 세포에 지속적이고 점진적 인장력을 가하여 치아 이동 시 형성되는 인장부위의 기계적 자극에 대한 생화학적 전달과 치조골 흡수와 생성 조절 기전을 이해하고자 하였다. 치주인대 세포가 배양된 유연한 성장 표면을 가진 배지에 지속적이고 점진적인 인장력을 가하고 골흡수 인자인 PGE_(2)와 골형성 인자인 ALP의 생성량을 1, 3, 6, 12시간 후에 측정하여 정량비교하였고 파골세포 분화기전을 조절하는 OPG, RANKL의 인자들과 matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, -8, -9, -13, tissue inhlbitor of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1의 인자들을 역전사 중합효소 연쇄반응 검사하여 m-RNA 발현을 비교한 결과, 치주인대 세포에 인장력을 가한 경우 대조군보다 PGE_(2)의 농도가 적었고 (p<0.05) ALP의 농도 변화는 없었으며 OPG의 mRNA 발현이 증가하였으나, RANKL의 mRNA 발현은 감소하였다. 그리고 TIMP-1과 MMP-1, -8, -9, -13의 mRNA 발현이 대조군과 차이가 없었다. 이상의 연구에서 사람의 치주인대 세포는 점진적이고 지속적인 인장력에 대한 반응으로 PGE_(2)의 생성과 RANKL의 mRNA 발현은 감소하고 OPG의 mRNA 발현은 증가하여 골흡수를 억제하는 효과를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. Tooth movement is a result of mutual physiologic responses between the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone stimulated by mechanical strain. The PDL cell and osteoblast are known to have an influence on bone formation by controlling collagen synthesis and alkaline phosphatase activation. Moreover, recent studies have shown that the PDL cell and osteoblast release osteoprotegerin(OPG) and the receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) to control the level of osteoclast differentiation and activation which in turn influences bone resorption. In this study, progressively increased, continuous tenslonal force was applied to PDL cells. The objective was to progressively increased. continuous tensional force was applied to PDL cells. The objective was to find out which kind of biochemical reactions occur after tensional force application and to illuminate the alveolar bone resorption and apposition mechanism. Continuous and progressively increased tensile force was applied to PDL cells cultured on a petriperm dish wlth a flexible membrane. The amount of PGE_(2) and ALP synthesis were measured after 1, 3, 6 and 12 hours of force application. Secondly, RT-PCR analysis was carried out for OPG and RANKL whlch control osteoclast differentiation and MMP-1, -8, -9, -13 and TIMP-1 which regulate the resolution of collagen and resorption of the osteoid layer. According to the results, we concluded that progressively increased, continuous force application to human PDL cells reduces PGE_(2) synthesls, and increases OPG mRNA expression.

Alveolar bone thickness around maxillary central incisors of different inclination assessed with cone-beam computed tomography

Yu-lou Tian,Fang Liu,Hong-jing Sun,Pin Lv,Yu-ming Cao,Mo Yu,Yang Yue 대한치과교정학회 2015 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.45 No.5

Objective: To assess the labial and lingual alveolar bone thickness in adults with maxillary central incisors of different inclination by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: Ninety maxillary central incisors from 45 patients were divided into three groups based on the maxillary central incisors to palatal plane angle; lingual-inclined, normal, and labial-inclined. Reformatted CBCT images were used to measure the labial and lingual alveolar bone thickness (ABT) at intervals corresponding to every 1/10 of the root length. The sum of labial ABT and lingual ABT at the level of the root apex was used to calculate the total ABT (TABT). The number of teeth exhibiting alveolar fenestration and dehiscence in each group was also tallied. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s honestly significant difference test were applied for statistical analysis. Results: The labial ABT and TABT values at the root apex in the lingual-inclined group were significantly lower than in the other groups (p < 0.05). Lingual and labial ABT values were very low at the cervical level in the lingual-inclined and normal groups. There was a higher prevalence of alveolar fenestration in the lingual-inclined group. Conclusions: Lingual-inclined maxillary central incisors have less bone support at the level of the root apex and a greater frequency of alveolar bone defects than normal maxillary central incisors. The bone plate at the marginal level is also very thin.

Thermus amyloliquefaciens sp. nov., isolated from a hot spring sediment sample.

Yu, Tian-Tian,Ming, Hong,Yao, Ji-Cheng,Zhou, En-Min,Park, Dong-Jin,Hozzein, Wael N,Kim, Chang-Jin,Wadaan, Mohammed A M,Li, Wen-Jun Society for General Microbiology 2015 International journal of systematic and evolutiona Vol.65 No.8

<P>A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic bacterium, designated strain YIM 77409T, was isolated from the Niujie hot spring in the Eryuan county of Dali, Yunnan province, south-west China. Cells of the strain were rod-shaped and colonies were yellow and circular. The strain grew at pH?6.0-8.0 (optimum, pH?7.0) and 50-70C (optimum, 60-65C). The predominant menaquinone was MK-8 and the DNA G+C content was 66.4?mol%. Major fatty acids (>10?%) were iso-C15?:?0 and iso-C17?:?0.The polar lipids consisted of one aminophospholipid, one phospholipid and two glycolipids. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain YIM 77409T formed a cluster with Thermus scotoductus DSM 8553T, Thermus antranikianii DSM 12462T, Thermus caliditerrae YIM 77925T and Thermus tengchongensis YIM 77924T, with highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to T. scotoductus DSM 8553T (97.57?%). However, DNA-DNA hybridization indicated that strain YIM 77409T should be viewed as a representative of a novel species, as there was only 30.6??1.6?% reassociation with T. scotoductus DSM 8553T. On the basis of the morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics, as well as the genotypic data, it is proposed that strain YIM 77409T represents a novel species of the genus Thermus, with the name Thermus amyloliquefaciens sp. nov. The type strain is YIM 77409T (?=?DSM 25898T?=?KCTC 32024T).</P>

Family History and Stroke Risk in China: Evidence from a Large Cohort Study

Tian Tian,Guangfu Jin,Canqing Yu,Jun Lv,Yu Guo,Zheng Bian,Ling Yang,Yiping Chen,Hongbing Shen,Zhengming Chen,Zhibin Hu,Liming Li 대한뇌졸중학회 2017 Journal of stroke Vol.19 No.2

Background and Purpose Large cohort studies on relationship between family history of stroke(FHS) and stroke risk are lacking in Asians. We aimed to systematically evaluate the association ofFHS with stroke risk in a cohort study of 0.5 million Chinese adults. Methods Information about FHS was self-reported. The median follow-up time was 7.16 years andthe end-point of follow-up was incident stroke, which was entered directly into the China KadoorieBiobank system. Multivariate analyses were performed with Cox proportional hazards model, andinteraction analyses were carried using likelihood-ratio tests. Results Compared with participants without FHS, the hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval,CI) of stroke for participants with FHS was 1.50 (1.46-1.55). The HRs increased with the number offirst degree relatives with stroke (HRs=1.41, 1.98 and 2.47 for 1, 2 and ≥3 relatives, respectively,Ptrend <0.001). The HRs were 1.57 (95% CI: 1.50-1.66) and 1.49 (95% CI: 1.45-1.54) for siblinghistory and parental history, respectively. Similar associations with offspring stroke risk wereobserved between paternal history (HR=1.48, 95% CI: 1.43-1.54) and maternal history (HR=1.49,95% CI: 1.43-1.55). Moreover, significant interactions were detected between FHS and health-riskbehaviors (tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking). Conclusions FHS is an independent risk factor for stroke in Chinese. The more first degree relativesare affected by stroke, the higher are individuals’ risk of suffering from stroke. The management ofthe health-risk behaviors for reducing stroke should be highlighted, especially for the individualswith FHS.

Design and Implementation of VR Surgical Serious Game using UE4

우천우(Tian Yu YU),김석규(Seok-Kyoo KIM) 한국컴퓨터게임학회 2021 한국컴퓨터게임학회논문지 Vol.34 No.2

VR 수술 시스템의 도입은 현대 의학 교육에 큰 의미가 있다. VR 수술 시스템은 의대생과 젊은 의사의 학습효율을 크게 향상시키고 반복 훈련 목표를 달성하며 전통 의학 교육의 단점을 보완할 수 있다. 사회적 디지털화가 심화됨에 따라 의료 분야의 VR 수술 시스템 구축이 시급해지고 있다. 본 논문은 의료에 적용되는 기능성 게임의 관점에서 VR 수술의 기능성게임 디자인을 연구한다. 먼저 사용자 경험 이론과 사용자 심리적 필요사항을 바탕으로 기능성 게임에 대한 사용자 경험과 기대치를 분석하였다. 그리고 사용자의 실제 필요사항과 게임 레벨 기능 디자인을 분석하고, 게임 디자인의 핵심 포인트를 강조하여 최적화하였다. 둘째, 3D MAX를 결합한 UE4 모델 구성의 주의할 점을 분석하였다. 마지막으로 위 연구를 바탕으로 흉강경 하에서 폐기포 VR 수술의 본격적인 게임을 설계하였다. 게임 디자인은 대상 사용자를 분석하여 내용을 결정한 후 이를 전문의에게 확인하여 이루어졌다. 첫째, 인간 가슴의 얇은 CT 이미지를 기반으로 3DS MAX를 이용하여 가슴 모델, 수술 도구 및 수술 장면을 시뮬레이션 하였다. 둘째, UE4 게임 엔진을 사용하였다. 이 기술은 3D 모델이 기능성 게임 시뮬레이션의 요구 사항을 충족하도록 만들고 UE4 장면을 디자인하며 C ++ 언어를 사용하여 게임 기능을 개발하였다. The introduction of virtual surgery system is of great significance to modern medical education. Virtual operation system can significantly improve the study efficiency of medical students and young doctors, achieve the goal of repeated training, and make up for the shortcomings of traditional medical education. As social digitalization intensifies, the construction of virtual surgery system in the medical field is urgent. This paper studies the serious game design of VR surgery from the point of view of serious game applied to medicine. Based on the theory of user experience and user psychological needs, we first analyzed the user experience and expectations of serious games. We then analyzed the user s actual needs and the game level function design, and optimize the key points of game design that should be emphasized. Secondly, the precautions of model constructed with UE4 combined with 3D MAX are analyzed. Finally, based on the above research, the serious game of lung bulla VR operation under thoracoscope is designed. The game design content was determined by analyzing the target user, which then was confirmed by a professional doctor. Firstly, based on the thin CT image of the human chest, 3D MAX technology is used to simulate the chest model, surgical tool and surgical scene. Second, UE4 game engine is used. The technology makes 3D model to meet the requirements of serious game simulation, then designs the imported UE4 scene, develops the game functions in the research area using C++ language, and then packages and releases the related resources.

Comparison of Liver Transplantation and Liver Resection for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus Type I and Type II

Jia-Yu Lv,Ning-Ning Zhang,Ya-Wei Du,Ying Wu,Tian-Qiang Song,Ya-Min Zhang,Yan Qu,Yu-Xin Liu,Jie Gu,Ze-Yu Wang,Yi-Bo Qiu,Bing Yang,Da-Zhi Tian,Qing-Jun Guo,Li Zhang,Ji-San Sun,Yan Xie,Zheng-Lu Wang,Xin 연세대학교의과대학 2021 Yonsei medical journal Vol.62 No.1

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of liver transplantation (LT) and liver resection (LR) for hepatocellularcarcinoma (HCC) patients with portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) and to investigate risk factors affecting prognosis. Materials and Methods: A total of 94 HCC patients with PVTT type I (segmental PVTT) and PVTT type II (lobar PVTT) were involvedand divided into LR (n=47) and LT groups (n=47). Recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were comparedbefore and after inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW). Prognostic factors for RFS and OS were explored. Results: Two treatment groups were well-balanced using IPTW. In the entire cohort, LT provided a better prognosis than LR. Among patients with PVTT type I, RFS was better with LT (p=0.039); OS was not different significantly between LT and LR(p=0.093). In subgroup analysis of PVTT type I patients with α-fetoprotein (AFP) levels >200 ng/mL, LT elicited significantly longermedian RFS (18.0 months vs. 2.1 months, p=0.022) and relatively longer median OS time (23.6 months vs. 9.8 months, p=0.065). Among patients with PVTT type II, no significant differences in RFS and OS were found between LT and LR (p=0.115 and 0.335,respectively). Multivariate analyses showed treatment allocation (LR), tumor size (>5 cm), AFP and aspartate aminotransferase(AST) levels to be risk factors of RFS and treatment allocation (LR), AFP and AST as risk factors for OS. Conclusion: LT appeared to afford a better prognosis for HCC with PVTT type I than LR, especially in patients with AFP levels>200 ng/mL.

공동화 마을의 예술적 재생 - 산동성(山東省) 쯔보시(淄博市) 아장(峨莊) 지역을 대상으로 -

( Yu Dong-ming ),( Xia Tian-tian ),( Kang Tai-ho ) 한국전통조경학회(구 한국정원학회) 2016 Journal of Korean Institute of Traditional Landsca Vol.14 No.-

도시화와 새마을 건설의 물결에 따라 적지 않는 마을에 질적 변화가 발생하고 있다. 공동화 마을은 그중의 하나이다. 본 연구는 공동화 마을의 부정적 효과를 분석하기 위하여 산동성(山東省) 쯔보시(淄博市) 아장(峨莊) 지역을 대상으로 지역의 현황과 특성, 예술적 맥락을 토대로 한 재생 방안을 수행하였다. 연구 결과 날로 공동화가 진행되어 가고 있는 마을의 예술 자원(전통 주택, 거리와 골목, 노거수 등)의 보호 및 발굴, 예술 체험(현장 사생, 예술 작품 감상, 작품 원형 전시 등), 예술가 작업실(미술, 서예, 수석, 뿌리 조각품, 도예, 자기, 마을 민속관 등) 입주, 벽화마을 조성, (사진, 연극, 영화, 드라마)촬영지 홍보, 예술 생활 및 생산품 전시, 마을의 조경 및 정원의 예술화 등을 이용한 마을의 활성화 전략을 모색하여 지역 특색이 있는 마을 조성 방안을 제시하였다. In the process of urbanization and new village construction, a number of villages witnessed qualitative changes. The hollowed village is a representative. Base on the analysis of the negative effects of hollow village, this paper takes the villages in E`zhuang area in Zibo City, Shandong Province as an example and explores the artistic means of revitalization for the villages. With the method of field investigation and in accordance with the regional features and artistic context, some revitalization approaches were proposed. For instance, the protection and exploration of the artistic resources such as traditional residences, streets and ancient trees, the artistic activities including sketching, artistic works appreciation and visiting the archetype in the villages, the foundation of artistic studios of paintings, calligraphy, rocks, root carving, pottery, porcelain, folk museum etc., the construction of mural villages, the advertising of photography, opera, film and television shooting spots, the exhibition of the artistic life and production, and the introduction of landscape to the courtyards, and so on. It aims to build a new village with regional features.

PERIODIC SOLUTIONS FOR A QUASILINEAR NON-AUTONOMOUS SECOND-ORDER SYSTEM

Tian, Yu,Zhang, Guosheng,Ge, Weigao 한국전산응용수학회 2006 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.22 No.1

In this paper, a quasilinear second-order system with periodic boundary conditions is studied. By the least action principle and classical theorems of variational calculus, existence results of periodic solutions are obtained.

Antioxidant Effect of Pomegranate Rind Powder Extract, Pomegranate Juice, and Pomegranate Seed Powder Extract as Antioxidants in Raw Ground Pork Meat

Yu-Yue Qin,Zhi-Hong Zhang,Lin Li,Wei Xiong,Jin-Yu Shi,Tian-Rui Zhao,Jian Fan 한국식품과학회 2013 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.22 No.4

The antioxidant potential of pomegranate rind powder extract (PRP), pomegranate juice (PJ), and pomegranate seed powder extract (PSP) was evaluated in raw ground pork meat stored at 4±1oC for 12 days. The pH values decreased from 5.88 to 5.61. The standard plate count in the PRP group was significantly (p<0.05) lower than that in all other groups. Butylated hydroxyl toluene (BHT) and PRP significantly (p<0.05) reduced lipid oxidation compared to PJ and PSP. Samples with antioxidants had significantly (p<0.05) reduced peroxide formation than control group. Antioxidant effectiveness was in the order: BHT>PRP>PJ>PSP>control. Lightness (L* value) was lowered by the addition of PRP, PJ, and PSP. The overall acceptability scores of PRP, PJ, PSP, and BHT treated samples were higher than that of control samples. The results indicated the potential of natural functional ingredients to enhance quality of raw ground pork meat.