Organic Solar Cells: Solution‐Processable Reduced Graphene Oxide as a Novel Alternative to PEDOT:PSS Hole Transport Layers for Highly Efficient and Stable Polymer Solar Cells (Adv. Mater. 42/2011)

Yun, Jin‐,Mun,Yeo, Jun‐,Seok,Kim, Juhwan,Jeong, Hyung‐,Gu,Kim, Dong‐,Yu,Noh, Yong‐,Jin,Kim, Seok‐,Soon,Ku, Bon‐,Cheol,Na, Seok‐,In WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2011 Advanced Materials Vol.23 No.42

<P>Solution‐processable reduced graphene oxide as a hole‐transporting layer for highly efficient and stable organic solar cells is reported on page 4923 by Dong‐Yu Kim, Seok‐In Na, and co‐workers. Introduction of a newly reduced graphene oxide by simple solution processing into solar cells dramatically raises the cell efficiency and cell life‐time. The results will allow full use of chemically reduced graphene and will advance the realization of carbon‐based printable optoelectronic devices. </P>

유도 경기의 체급별 사용기술 빈도에 관한 비교 분석 연구

노석규,김용재,서국웅 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1998 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

The purpose of these study investigated and analyzed the frequency of the pointed-techniques on Ju-do games of all weight. The subjects for this investigation selected players who had participated at the world Ju-do championship('95, '97) and olympic games('92, '96). 1. The frequency in use of the pointed-techniques. In the world Ju-do championship, the open weights excluded of all weight mainly used hand techniques. In the olympic games, all weights mainly used foot techniques. 2. The frequency of points. In the world Ju-do championship and olympic games the ippon showed a higher point, waza-ari and yuko showed no significant frequency.

5W급 고전력용 LED 드라이버 IC 개발

노석호,신건순 금오공과대학교 2008 論文集 Vol.29 No.-

Now our country to LED Application such as channel lighting many companies development progress but LED power failure kind control skill and IC development skill involved with this are weak. Specially, Application is composing each other different dimming system particularly and it is very difficult situation to use in general lighting company. Also, skill dependence is inevitable situation because is depending necessary all standard abroad in power failure kind control. Therefore, it becomes judgment to guide oversea foreign market and description through internal security of LED power failure kind control skill and IC development skill involved with this. Existent internal LED lighting system is using general power failure kind IC. But, this is course that is encountering exclusive possession by most foreign semi-conductor company. Therefore, by being equal or secure skill in high position with world standard, is judged to be used in market that led on LED control module whole.

Link Budget Calculation for the Koreasat Satellite

노석호 安東大學校 工業技術硏究所 1998 공업기술연구논문집 Vol.5 No.1

The Koreasat digital DBS system link analysis was described. The DBS system transmitter station is especially important than other earth station. Because DBS transmitter station will broadcast DBS signal to the million customers in Korea. So we have made transmitter station EIRP as high as we can to maximize uplink availability. The calculated C/N excess margin for the 99% worst month of the DBS link was 7.3dB for the clear sky and 1.5dB for the rainy sky. The measured uplink C/N is 5.4dB lower and downlink C/N is 4.8dB higher than the calculation. This is because of the parameter difference between the calculation and measurement like a TS EIRP, SAT EIRP and receiver ANT EIRP. The measured BER performance over the satellite was 1.1dB better than the threshold of the link budget.

Doppler Correction Algorithm using Correlation

노석호 安東大學校 工業技術硏究所 1999 공업기술연구논문집 Vol.6 No.1

도플러 천이는 통신시스템의 반송주파수에 비례하기 때문에, 위성통신링크상의 RF주파수은 큰 도플러 천이의 영향을 받아 반송파 주파수가 천이되고, 이로 인하여 수신단의 성능이 크게 저하된다. 따라서 위성통신 링크상에서 발생하는 도플러 천이에 의한 성능저하를 최소한으로 줄일 수 있는 도플러 천이 보방 알고리즘의 개발이 요구된다. 본 논문에서는 도플러 천이를 보상하기 위하여, 송신 데이터와 수신 데이터간의 상관을 계산하여, 그 값을 이용하여 VCO를 조절하는 자동주파수제어 도플러 보상법을 제안하였다. 제안한 알고리즘의 성능을 검토하기 위하여 VSAT hub 시스템에 적응하여 시험한 결과 유효한 알고리즘임을 확인하였다. This paper describes the development of the algorithm for Doppler correction at the hub station in VSAT system. The correlation method was considered. Extensive use was made of computer simulation tools. The correlation method has been found suitable algorithm for Doppler correction in the VSAT hub station.

고도정수처리 공정에서의 천연유기물질 특성변화 및 소독부산물 전구물질의 제거특성 평가

노재순,손희종,박은주,황영도,최동훈,배석문,신판세 慶星大學校 環境問題硏究所 2002 環境硏報 Vol.12 No.1

In this research the movement and apparent molecular weight distribution of hydrophilic/hydrophobic organic matters in advanced water treatment process were investigated using the raw water of Maeri area, located in downstream of Nakdong river, and the variation of the disinfection by-product formation potential was also investigated. In the raw water used in experiments, the content of BDOC (biodegradable dissolved organic carbon) in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was about 39%, and this value is far above a normal, Pre-ozone treatment showed an increase of 40% in the BDOC content, and this means that biodegradability was remarkably increased by ozone treatment BDOC concentration in BAC treated water was 0.09 mg/L, which means 84% of BDOC removal rate compared with that in post-ozone treated water. The variation of chlorine disinfection by-product formation potential in each process unit of water treatment process was analyzed. TOXFP concentration in raw water was 449 ㎍/L, and the contents of THMFP and HAAFP among TOXFP were 24% and 23%, respectively. The removabilities of these materials BAC process had an order of TOXFP > HAAFP > THMFP. BAC process was less effective for THMFP than others. The distribution of hydrophilic organic matters were evaluated in each treatment process. Hydrophilic and hydrophobic matters in the raw water had a ratio of 50 : 50, and the ozone treatment decreased the content of hydrophobic matters. The BAC treatment made the ratio 85:15. These mean that the removal of hydrophilic matters is more difficult than that of hydrophobic materials in water treatment process. In addition the portions of humic and fulvic acid in hydrophobic matters were analyzed. Fulvic acid a large portion among hydrophobic matters in the raw water, and the portion was 78%. Ozone treatment was more effective on the removal of fulvic acid than humic acid. After BAC treatment, the concentration of residual fulvic acid was high than humic acid. Chlorine disinfection by-product formation for hydrophilic and hydrophobic mattrts was compared in each process unit. in the raw water TOXFP and THMFP formation for hydrophobic matter was higher, and HAAFP was highly formated for hydrophobic matter. After post-ozone or BAC treatment, chlorine disinfection by-product formation has high potential for hydrophobic matters. Comparing humic and fulvic acids, chlorine disinfection by-product formation potential was higher for humic acid than for fulvic acid in all processes. In the comparison of the reactivity with chlorine disinfection by-product per unit DOC, THMFP and DOXFP showed higher reactivity with hydrophobic matter than with hydrophilic matter in all processes, and HAAFP was highly reacitive with hydrophilic matter. Apparent molecular weight distributions of organic matters were investigated in each process step.The content of low molecular weight organic matters less than 1000 Da in DOC was high in all processes except raw water, but molecular weight organic matters more than 1000 da was higher than molecular weight organic matters less than 1000 Da in the formation potential of chlorine disinfection by-product.

직접가리킴 말(Deixis)의 분류와 쓰임

노석기 釜山 外國語 大學校 1986 外大論叢 Vol.4 No.1

Deixis, a kind of pointing object, indicates the object which is pointed by a speaker. In a discourse the deitic expression which indicates the object, is affected by a speaker. The experssion of deixis is basically formulated as following. (45) Deitic form+head In this paper the meaning of function of demonstratives 'this, it, that' were studied according to their kinds and the deixis was classified following. (46) Classfication of Deixis (표) + place deixis +field - contextual deixis Deixis-Common sense with hearer -Ideal deixis In place deixis, 'this, it, that' are used differently by the notion of position that a speaker judges. If a speaker indicates an object in his own position, it is realised as 'this', in a hearer's position, as 'it'and in out of both position, as 'that. It is characteristic that 'that' is not used in contextual deixis. Contextual deixis is realied as 'this' and another cases as 'that' The reason is that, when an object is inroduced in a field of communication, a speaker tries to indicate the object more objectivety. Ideal deixis is a special type of place deixis or contextual deixis. Therefore ideal dexis is used like place or contextual deixis.

11세 여아의 심인성 발작 1례

손석한,노경선 대한소아청소년정신의학회 2000 소아청소년정신의학 Vol.11 No.1

심인성 발작은 신경과 및 정신과 임상에서 가끔씩 접하게 되는 질환으로서 진성 간질성 발작과의 감별 진단이 가장 중요하다고 하겠다. 특히 정신과의사는 면밀한 환자의 병력청취, 임상양상 관찰 등을 통하여 확진 전 단계에서 심인성 발작을 어느 정도 진단내릴 수 있다고 생각된다. 저자들은 11세 여아의 심인성 발작 증례를 경험했는데, 심리환경적 스트레스가 명확했고, 임상특징이 일치했으며, 신속한 검사와 정신과적 중재에 의해서 좋은 결과를 얻었다. 본 증례로 볼 때 소아기 심인성 발작의 진단과 치료에 있어서 뇌파 검사 외에도 철저한 가족배경 조사 및 병력청취와 정신교육학적 중재가 중요하다고 생각된다. A psychogenic seizure is a disorder which is occasionally met by neurologists and psychiatrists. The most important thing that clinicians should do is differential diagnosis with true epileptic seizures. Especially psychiatrists are expected to be able to diagnose psychogenic seizures through a thorough history taking and an observation of clinical features to some degree before the confirmatory diagnoses. We experienced a case of 11-year-old girl with psychogenic seizure which was characterized by obvious psychological and environmental stress, clinical features, and good outcome by prompt a loboratoy examination and psychiatric intervention. To diagnose and treat childhood psychogenic seizures, we suggest that it is very important to examine the familial background and take a thorough history, and perform psychoeducational intervention in addition to electroencephalogram. KEY WORDS : Childhood psychogenic seizures · Diagnose · Treat.

고령자를 위한 주거시설 치수 표준화 연구

김석준,권순정,오은진,김노석,김상길,이특구 한국의료복지시설학회 2008 의료·복지 건축 Vol.14 No.3

As the elderly population is growing rapidly, guidelines for planning and designing of the elderly housing are required for improving housing environment of the elderly. The purpose of this study is making the basic dimensional standardization of residential spaces for the elderly. The dimensional standard of spaces suggested in this guideline considers characteristics of both aged and the general users. The spaces studied in this research include bedroom, living room, bathroom, kitchen and other circulation spaces in the elderly housing. The design guidelines of furniture, equipment for the aged with sizing of the areas are provided. Finally, applicability of the output is reexamined by implementing this guidelines to the sample planning and design of the elderly housing

청소년기 문제행동과 부모 양육행동에 관한 연구

손석한,노경선,허묘연,정현옥,이소희,김세주 大韓神經精神醫學會 2001 신경정신의학 Vol.40 No.4

연구목적 : 일반 청소년의 문제행동(내재화 문제, 외현화 문제)을 평가하고, 그들을 정상 집단과 문제행동 집단으로 나누어 집단간에 부모 각각의 양육행동이 어떠한 차이를 보이는지 알아보고자 한다. 방 법 : 서울 소재의 일반 고등학교 학생 792명을 대상으로 부모 양육행동 척도와 K-YSR을 실시하여 청소년이 지각하는 부모의 양육행동과 청소년의 문제행동을 평가하였다. 부모의 양육행동과 청소년의 문제행동과의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 학생들이 보고한 각 문제행동을 상/하위 25% tile을 기준으로 정상 집단과 문제행동 집단으로 나누어 부모의 양육행도의 차이를 분석하였다. 결 과 : 다음과 같다. 1) 부모의 애정, 합리적 설명, 감독의 긍정적인 양육행동은 대부분의 청소년 문제행동들과 유의한 부적 상관을 보였다. 반면에 학대, 과잉간섭, 과잉기대, 방임, 비일관성이 부정적인 양육행동은 문제행동들과 유의한 정적 상관이 있었다. 2)내재화 문제를 보이는 청소년들은 정상 집단에 비해 부모로부터 학대, 과잉간섭, 과잉기대, 방임, 비일관성의 양육행동을 유의하게 더 많이 받았고, 반면에 애정을 유의하게 더 적게 받았다고 지각하고 있었다. 외현화문제를 보이는 청소년들은 정상집단의 청소년들에 비해 부모로부터 학대, 과잉간섭, 과잉기대, 방임, 비일관성의 양육행동을 유의하게 더 많이 받았고, 반면에 감독을 유의하게 더 적게 받았다고 지각하고 있었다. 3) 내재화 및 외현화 문제를 모두 보이는 집단이 내재화 문제만 보이는 집단과 외현화 문제만 보이는 집단에 비해서 양쪽 부모로부터 유의하게 더 많은 과잉간섭을 받을 것으로 지각하고 있었다. 또한, 내재화-외현화 집단과 내재화 집단은 외현화 집단에 비해서 어머니로부터 유의하게 더 적은 애정과 더 많은 방임을 받고 있고, 아버지로부터 유의하게 더 많은 학대를 받은 것으로 지각하고 있었다. 결 론 : 이상의 결과로 미루어 볼 때, 청소녕이 지각한 부모의 학대, 과잉간섭, 과잉기대, 방임, 비일관성의 양육행동은 청소년의 내재화 및 외현화 문제 모두와 유의한 연관이 있고, 반면에 부모의 애정, 감독, 합리적 설명의 양육행동은 다양한 청소년기 문제행동을 줄일 수 있음을 시사하고 있다. Objectives : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the problem behaviors of adolescents and to discriminate between parenting behaviors of problem behavior groups and those of non-problem behavior group. Methods : The subjects of this study were 792 high school students in Seoul. We administered 'parenting behavior Inventory' and Korean version of Youth Self-Report(K-YSR) to the subjects in order to evaluate the parenting behaviors perceived by adolescents and the problem behaviors of adolescents. We analzed the relationship between parenting behaviors and problem behaviors. We classified the subjects into problem behavior groups(internalizing group, externalizing group, internalizing-externalizing group) and a non-problem behavior(normal) group. We studied the differences of parenting behaviors among the groups. Results : The results are as follows. 1) There were significant negative correlations between the positive parenting behaviors such as affection, reasoning, and monitoring and the problem behaviors of adolescents. By contrast, there were significant positive correlations between the negative parenting behaviors such as physical abuse, intrusiveness, over-expectation, neglect, and inconsistency and the problem behaviors of adolescents. 2) Adolescents of the internalizing group perceived significantly more parental abuse, intrusiveness, over-expectation, neglect, and inconsistency than those of normal group. Meanwhile, they perceived significantly less affection than normal adolescents. Adolescents of the externalizing group also perceived significantly more parental abuse, intrusiveness, over-expectation, neglect, and inconsistency than those of normal group. Also, they perceived significantly less monitoring than normal adolescents. 3) Adolescents of the internalizing-externalizing group perceived significantly more intrusiveness from both parents than those of either the internalizing or the externalizing groups. Adolescents of the internalizing-externalizing group perceived significantly less affection and more neglect from their mothers than those of the internalizing of the externalizing groups. In addition, adolescents of the internalizing-externalizing group perceived significantly more physical abuse from their fathers than those of the internalizing or the externalizing groups. Conclusion : Parenting behaviors such as abuse, intrusiveness, over-expectation, neglect, and inconsistency are associated with both internalizing and externalizing problems. In contrast, our results suggest that parenting behaviors such as affection, monitoring, and reasoning might decrease the various problem behaviors of adolescents.