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KIM, Sang‐,Gyung,LEE, A‐,Jin,LEE, Seung Jin,SUH, Hun Suk,SHIN, Im‐,Hee Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 International journal of rheumatic diseases Vol.14 No.2
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>Aim: </B> P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp) is an adenosine‐5‐triphosphate Binding Cassettes B 1 (ABCB1) transporter that exports various substrates on cellular membrane. Surface expression of P‐gp was decreased during chondrogenesis of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM‐MSCs). We examined the role of P‐gp in extracellular matrix deposition during chondrogenesis of human BM‐MSCs.</P><P><B>Method: </B> BM‐MSCs were isolated from 16 volunteers after informed consent and incubated for 28 days using three‐dimensional culture methods in chondrogenic medium with and without P‐gp inhibitor (verapamil, 10 μmol/L).</P><P><B>Results: </B> Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed a cartilaginous structure with chondrogenic cells in the lacunae after 2 weeks of culture. Total glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content was increased and rose during pellet culture. Hyaluronan (HA) content of the culture medium decreased with P‐gp inhibitor. Type II collagen deposition decreased with P‐gp inhibitor.</P><P><B>Conclusion: </B> Inhibition of P‐gp facilitated GAG accumulation via HA export inhibition during chondrogenic differentiation of human BM‐MSCs. Modulation of P‐gp expression during chondrogenesis would be a possible therapeutic approach for articular cartilage regeneration.</P>
Two Bayesian methods for sample size determination in clinical trials
Sang Gyu Kwak,Dal Ho Kim,Im Hee Shin,Ho Gak Kim,Sang Gyung Kim 한국데이터정보과학회 2010 한국데이터정보과학회지 Vol.21 No.6
Sample size determination is very important part in clinical trials because it influ-ences the time and the cost of the experimental studies. In this article, we consider the Bayesian methods for sample size determination based on hypothesis testing. Specif-ically we compare the usual Bayesian method using Bayes factor with the decision theoretic method using Bayesian reference criterion in mean difference problem for the normal case with known variances. We illustrate two procedures numerically as well as graphically.
Hydroquinone suppresses IFN-β expression by targeting AKT/IRF3 pathway
Kim, Yong,Kim, Han Gyung,Han, Sang Yun,Jeong, Deok,Yang, Woo Seok,Kim, Jung-Il,Kim, Ji Hye,Yi, Young-Su,Cho, Jae Youl The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2017 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.21 No.5
Previous studies have demonstrated the role of hydroquinone (HQ), a hydroxylated benzene metabolite, in modulating various immune responses; however, its role in macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses is not fully understood. In this study, the role of HQ in inflammatory responses and the underlying molecular mechanism were explored in macrophages. HQ down-regulated the expression of interferon $(IFN)-{\beta}$ mRNA in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells without any cytotoxicity and suppressed interferon regulatory factor (IRF)-3-mediated luciferase activity induced by TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-${\beta}$ (TRIF) and TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1). A mechanism study revealed that HQ inhibited IRF-3 phosphorylation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), TRIF, and AKT by suppressing phosphorylation of AKT, an upstream kinase of the IRF-3 signaling pathway. IRF-3 phosphorylation is highly induced by wild-type AKT and poorly induced by an AKT mutant, AKT C310A, which is mutated at an inhibitory target site of HQ. We also showed that HQ inhibited IRF-3 phosphorylation by targeting all three AKT isoforms (AKT1, AKT2, and AKT3) in RAW264.7 cells and suppressed IRF-3-mediated luciferase activities induced by AKT in HEK293 cells. Taken together, these results strongly suggest that HQ inhibits the production of a type I IFN, $IFN-{\beta}$, by targeting AKTs in the IRF-3 signaling pathway during macrophage-mediated inflammation.
The change of oral volatile sulfur compounds(VSC) concentration after periodontal treatment
( Sung Hyun Kim ),( Gyung Joon Chae ),( Ui Won Jung ),( Chang Sung Kim ),( Seong Ho Choi ),( Kyoo Sung Cho ),( Jung Kyu Chai ),( Chong Kwan Kim ),( Eun Kyeong Pang ) 대한치주과학회 2006 대한치주과학회 학술대회자료집 Vol.2006 No.2
( Sang Pil Yun ),( Han Gyung Seon ),( Chang Soo Ok ),( Kwang Ho Yoo ),( Min Kyung Kang ),( Won Hee Kim ),( Chang Il Kwon ),( Kwang Hyun Ko ),( Seong Gyu Hwang ),( Pil Won Park ),( Sung Pyo Hong ) The Editorial Office of Gut and Liver 2012 Gut and Liver Vol.6 No.4
Background/Aims: This study assessed the efficacy of a rifaximin plus levofloxacin-based rescue regimen in patients that had failed both triple and quadruple standard regimens for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Methods: We treated patients for H. pylori between August 2009 and April 2011. The triple regimen consisted of combined treatment with amoxicillin, clarithromycin, and pantoprazole for 1 week. For failed cases, a quadruple regimen of tetracycline, metronidazole, bismuth dicitrate, and lansoprazole for 1 week was administered. The rescue regimen for persistently refractory cases was rifaximin 200 mg t.i.d., levofloxacin 500 mg q.d., and lansoprazole 15 mg b.i.d. for 1 week. Results: In total, 482 patients were enrolled in this study. The eradication rates associated with the first and second regimens were 58% and 60%, respectively. Forty-seven out of 58 patients who failed with the second-line regimen received rifaximin plus levofloxacin-based third-line therapy. The eradication rate for the third regimen was 65%. The cumulative eradication rates were 58%, 85%, and 96% for each regimen, respectively. Conclusions: A rifaximin plus levofloxacin-based regimen could be an alternative rescue therapy in patients with resistance to both triple and quadruple regimens for the eradication of H. pylori. (Gut Liver 2012;6:452-456)
Direct Synthesis of Polymer Nanocapsules with a Noncovalently Tailorable Surface
Kim, Dongwoo,Kim, Eunju,Kim, Jeeyeon,Park, Kyeng ,Min,Baek, Kangkyun,Jung, Minseon,Ko, Young ,Ho,Sung, Wokyung,Kim, Hyung ,Seok,Suh, Ju ,Hyung,Park, Chan ,Gyung,Na, Oh WILEY-VCH Verlag 2007 Angewandte Chemie Vol.46 No.19
<B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>Hollow out your pumpkin: The direct synthesis of approximately 100-nm-diameter polymer nanocapsules was carried out in the absence of preorganized structures or templates. The method appears to be applicable to any monomer that has a flat core and multiple polymerizable groups at the periphery (see picture). The surface properties of the polymer shell, which comprises cucurbituril, can be easily tailored through host–guest chemistry. <img src='wiley_img/14337851-2007-46-19-ANIE200604526-content.gif' alt='wiley_img/14337851-2007-46-19-ANIE200604526-content'> </P>