동결견(凍結肩) 환자의 동서협진 치료의 임상효과 비교연구 : 견관절 가동운동범위(ROM) 변화를 중심으로

남동우,김행범,양동훈,임사비나,김건식,이두익,이재동,최도영,이윤호 경희대학교 동서의학연구소 2006 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2006 No.-

Objectives : To establish an effective collaborate medicine treatment of acupuncture and western medicine for treating frozen shoulder patients. Methods : 59 voluntary patients were randomly assigned to Eastern treatment group(E group, n=22), Western treatment group(W group, n=17) and East-West treatment group(EW group, n=20). The E group received acupuncture treatment on LI15, TE14, GB21 and Master Dong's acupuncture points, Shin-gwan and Gyun-joong, twice a week for 4 weeks. The W group received suprascapular nerve block, subacromial injection and trigger point injection, twice a week for 4 weeks. The EW group received acupuncture and injection treatment including nerve block. All groups were instructed to practice self exercise during their daily lives. Evaluations were made before treatment and after treatment based on the change in shoulder Range of Motion(ROM) and the patient's satisfaction concerning the treatment was measured by Visual Analogue Scale(VAS). The obtained data were analyzed and compared. Results : The patient's satisfaction scores were E group 5.67, W group 7.73 and EW group 7.67. The E group and the EW group showed significant improvement in abbduction, adduction and flexion(p<0.05). The W group showed significant improvement in adduction(p<0.05). Abduction significantly improved(p<0.05) in the EW group compared to E group and W group. Flexion also showed improvement in the EW group, but the difference among the 3 groups was statistically insignificant. The three group's difference of change in extension and adduction was insignificant(p>0.05). Conclusion : Acupuncture and nerve block alone significantly improved ROM in frozen shoulder patients. Also collaborate treatment of acupuncture and nerve block significantly improved ROM in frozen shoulder patients. But the difference of the three treatments were significant only for improving abduction(p<0.05).

한의진단명과 진단요건의 표준화 연구 II (표준화 실례) : 2차년도 연구결과 중간 보고

양기상,최선미,최승훈,안규석,박경모,박종현,김성우,신승호,정우열,전병훈,고현,김정범,신상우,김성훈,김동희,권영규,엄현섭,장혜옥 한국한의학연구원 1996 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.2 No.1

The diagnostic requirements were suggested and explained regarding the systems of differentiation of symptoms and signs in the second year study of standardization and unification of the terms and conditions used for diagnosis in oriental medicine. The systems were as follows; - differential diagnosis according to condition of body fluid, differentiation of syndromes according to the state of qi and blood, differential diagnosis according to relative excessiveness or deficiency of yin and yang(氣血陰陽津液辨證) - differentiation of diseases according to pathological changes of the viscera and their interrelation - analyzing and differentiating of febrile diseases in accordance with the theory of the six channels(傷寒辨證) The individual diagnosis pattern was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name(異名), notion of diagnosis pattern, index of differentiation of symptoms and signs(辨證指標), the main point of diagnosis, analysis of diagnosis pattern(證候分析), discrimination of diagnosis pattern(證候鑑別), a way of curing a diseases(治法), prescription(處方), herb in common use(常用藥物), diseases appearing the diagnosis pattern(常見疾病), documents(文獻調査). This study was carried out on the basis of the Chinese documents and references.

동결견(凍結肩) 환자의 동서협진 치료의 임상효과 비교연구 - 견관절 가동운동범위(ROM) 변화를 중심으로 -

남동우,김행범,양동훈,임사비나,김건식,이두익,이재동,최도영,이윤호,Nam, Dong-Woo,Kim, Haeng-Beom,Yang, Dong-Hoon,Lim, Sa-Bi-Na,Kim, Keon-Sik,Lee, Doo-Ik,Lee, Jae-Dong,Choi, Do-Young,Lee, Yun-Ho 대한침구의학회 2006 대한침구의학회지 Vol.23 No.5

Objectives : To establish an effective collaborate medicine treatment of acupuncture and western medicine for treating frozen shoulder patients. Methods : 59 voluntary patients were randomly assigned to Eastern treatment group(E group, n=22), Western treatment group(W group, n=17) and East-West treatment group(EW group, n=20). The E group received acupuncture treatment on LI15, TE14, GB21 and Master Dong's acupuncture points, Shin-gwan and Gyun-joong, twice a week for 4 weeks. The W group received suprascapular nerve block, subacromial injection and trigger point injection, twice a week for 4 weeks. The EW group received acupuncture and injection treatment including nerve block All groups were instructed to practice self exercise during their daily lives. Evaluations were made before treatment and after treatment based on the change in shoulder Range of Motion(ROM) and the patient's satisfaction concerning the treatment was measured by Visual Analogue Scale(VAS). The obtained data were analyzed and compared. Results : The patient's satisfaction scores were E group 5.67, W group 7.73 and EW group 7.67. The E group and the EW group showed significant improvement in abbduction, adduction and flexion(p<0.05). The W group showed significant improvement in adduction(p<0.05). Abduction significantly improved(p<0.05) in the EW group compared to E group and W group. Flexion also showed improvement in the EW group, but the difference among the 3 groups was statistically insignificant. The three group's difference of change in extension and adduction was insignificant(p>0.05). Conclusion : Acupuncture and nerve block alone significantly improved ROM in frozen shoulder patients. Also collaborate treatment of acupuncture and nerve block significantly improved ROM in frozen shoulder patients. But the difference of the three treatments were significant only for improving abduction(p<0.05).

복합 레진으로 수복된 세 가지 첨와형태 와동의 파절 저항성에 관한 연구

최훈수,신동훈 大韓齒科保存學會 2008 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.33 No.3

심미성 복합레진은 자연 치질을 보존시키며 나아가 잔존 치질의 강도를 강화시켜 준다. 복합레진 수복시 더 많은 치질을 남기기 위해 첨와 (undercut) 형태의 교합면 치질을 남긴 채 복합레진으로 수복하는 경무가 많으나,어느 정도 강도가 복원되는지에 대해서는 잘 알려져 있지 않다. 이에 본 연구에서는 첨와 형태의 와동을 잔존 치질의 두께 (법랑질 /법랑질과 상아질)에 따라 형성하고 복합레진으로 충전한 경우, 수복된 치아의 파절 저항성을 손상이 없는 자연치와 비교평가하였다. 상악 대구치 40개의 교합면을 편평하게 삭제한 후 방사선 사진에서 치수각의 위치를 확인하였다. 대상 치아를 각 10개씩 4개군으로 분류하였으며, 1 ~ 3군은 실험군으로 모두 협측에 깊이 7 ㎜, 근원심 폭경 5 ㎜의 첨와 형태 와동을 형성하였고, 와동저에서 치수각까지의 거리를 약 0.5 ㎜로 유지하였으며 교합면쪽의 치질 두께를 달리하였다. 1군은 법랑질과 소량의 상아질로 구성된 치질 두께를 1 ㎜, 2군은 법 랑질과 상아질의 두께를 1.5 ㎜, 3군은 법 랑질과 상아질의 두께를 2 ㎜가 되도록 하였고, 4군은 건전한 자연치를 와동형성 없이 대조군으로 사용하였다. 두께 측정은 방사선 사진을 스캔한 후 길이 확대 프로그램을 이용하였다. 각 와동을 37% 인산으로 산부식한 다음 단일병 접착제 Single Bond™ (3M/ESPE, USA)를 적용하였고 흔합형 복합레진 Filtek Z-250™ (3M/ESPE, USA)을 사용하여 적층 충전하였다. 치아를 실온에서 증류수에 24시간 동안 보관한 다음 Sof-Lex system (3M/ESPE, USA)을 사용하뗘 연마하였다. 이후 자가중합형 레진에 교합면을 기저부에 평행한 상태로 치근부를 매몰한 다음 Universal testing machine (Zwick Z010, Germany)에서 지름 3 ㎜의 staineless steel rod를 1 mm/min의 cross-head speed로 하중을 가하여 파절 강도를 측정하였다. 통계 분석은 95%유의 수준의 One-way ANOVA와 Tukey test를 이용하였으며 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 와동 형성 후 복합레진을 수복한 군들은 대조군에 비해 약 75%의 파절 강도를 보였다. 2. 교합면쪽 잔존 치질의 두께에 따른 파절 저항은 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다 (p>0.05). 복합레진을 이용하여 첨와 형태의 와동을 수복한 후 파절 강도를 측정 한 결과 건전 치아보다는 강도가 낮았지만, 상부의 잔존 치질이 대부분 법랑질로 이루어진 경우에도 복합 레진으로 수복하면 건전 치아 파절 강도의 75%까지 유지할 수 있다는 결론을 얻었다. It was reported that esthetic composite resin restoration reinforces the strength of remaining tooth structure with preserving the natural tooth structure. However, it is unknown how much the strength would be recovered. The purpose of this study was to compare the fracture resistance of three types of undermined cavity filled with composite resin with that of non-cavitated natural tooth. Forty sound upper molars were allocated randomly into four groups of 10 teeth. After flattening occlusal enamel, undermined cavities were prepared in thirty teeth to make three types of specimens with various thickness of occlusal structure (Group 1 ~ 3). All the cavity have the 5 ㎜ width mesio-distally and 7 ㎜ depth bucco-lingually. Another natural 10 teeth (Group 4) were used as a control group. Teeth in group 1 have remaining occlusal structure about 1 ㎜ thickness, which was composed of mainly enamel and small amount of dentin. In Group 2, remained thickness was about 1.5 ㎜, including 0.5 ㎜ thickness dentin. In Group 3, thickness was about 2.0 ㎜, including 1 ㎜ thickness dentin. Every effort was made to keep the remaining dentin thickness about 0.5 ㎜ from the pulp space in cavitated groups. All the thickness was evaluated with radiographic Length Analyzer program. After acid etching with 37% phosphoric acid, one-bottle adhesive (Single Bond™, 3M/ESPE, USA) was applied following the manufacturer' s recommendation and cavities were incrementally filled with hybrid composite resin (Filtek Z-250™, 3M/ESPE, USA). Teeth were stored in distilled water for one day at room temperature, after then, they were finished and polished with Sof-Lex system. All specimens were embedded in acrylic resin and static load was applied to the specimens with a 3 ㎜ diameter stainless steel rod in an Universal testing machine and cross-head speed was 1 mm/min. Maximum load in case of fracture was recorded for each specimen. The data were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and a Tukey test at the 95% confidence level.

충진탑에서 가스흡수에 의한 물질전달과 수력학적 거동에 관한 연구

최동훈,김재홍,김일배,김옥택,김장호 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1997 硏究報告 Vol.20 No.1

The use of packed column which apply efficient thermal material separation method has been required for absorption process. Absorption is applicable to waste gas from industrial process and incineration and odor control. Since we have used the lattice packing which was recently discovered in Germany, We can prevent drop of efficiency from maldistribution and channeling which were occurred when we use conventional packing. The lattice packing is efficient within the range of thermal, easy to manufacture, low production cost and make a variety of materials. This study aims to control the waste gas and odor with absorption. The dimension of packed column in which used in experiment is 0.45(d) × 2.0 m(H), and the result of and mass transfer apply to practical industry and environmental protection. The systems adopted for the absorption are Air/Water and NH3-Air/Water. We still cannot apply packed column to the domestic industry and environmental protection and depend on foreign technology, but this study will contribute to the industry and environment.

풍력 발전기의 모델링 및 피치제어 시뮬레이션

최민호,임종환,허종철,이동현,김건훈 濟州大學校 産業技術硏究所 2000 산업기술연구소논문집 Vol.11 No.1

Wind turbine system converts wind energy into electric energy. Since the velocity of wind is random in nature. control of the angular velocity of the blade is needed in order to generate high quality electric power. The control of a blade can be divided into a stall regulation type and a pitch control type. The stall regulation type which uses an aerodynamic stall is simple and cheap, but it suffers from fluctuation of the resulting power. On the contrary. pitch control type is based on the fact that the torque of the blade can be changed by varying the pitch angle of the blade. It is mechanically and mathematically complicated. but the control performance is better than that of the stall regulation type. This paper derives a mathematical modeling of the wind turbine system, and suggests a pitch control algorithm. The validity of the algorithm is demonstrated with the results produced through sets of simulation.

관수된 충전칼럼에서의 압력손실

최동훈,신남철,김장호 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1998 硏究報告 Vol.21 No.1

In this work, an equation for determining the pressure drop of irrigated packings is introduced. This is built up from the well-known channel model. It is valid for the whole load range up to the flooding point. To apply the pressure drop formula, it is necessary to know the operating conditions, the liquid hold-up and the from factor μ specific to the packing element or group of packings. The method of calculating the pressure drop is illustrated by means of an example 1) The agreement obtained between the calculations and the experiments is regarded as good. As expected, the measurements below the loading line are reproduced more exactly-the average error ￣δ₁(△P/H) in Table l(a)-(c) is considerably less than 10%. The measurements above the loading limit including the pressure drop at the flooding point are reproduced with an average relative error ￣δ₂(△P/H) of about 15%. 2) Another advantage of the method chosen here the represent the pressure drop is that, by means of a packings element constant μ characteristic of almost every family of packing elements or group of packing elements of similar construction, it is easy to compare the pressure drop of the particular type of packing element and its height with other packing elements. The advantage of this model is that know-ledge of the dry pressure drop of the packing is not necessary. To reinforce the above dependences a numerical example is added with the help of which the determination of the pressure drop is demonstrated.

주가 흐름을 이용한 효율적인 투자전략에 관한 연구

최동훈,박윤선 명지대학교 산업기술연구소 2001 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.20 No.-

After IMF our country's stock market showed stiffness of stock price index at 200 as result of instability of economy. But economy becoming stable, stock market started to find its figure like old days. At the end of 1999 stock price index ran over 1000. Because of this reason, people who lost their job at the time of IMF started to invest in stock with their retirement grants and other money. Less of information, individual investors bought itmes that are already at the peak of it's price and invest in items without scientific analysis. They were no game to the organization and foreign country's large fund. Therefore they lost all of their valuable fortune. Today, stock is analysed in many ways. However it's difficult for the individual investors to know when to use and what to use. In this study, we will find the same pattern of today's stock from the past, integrate analysed information into one index and forecast the tendency of the future stock. Hope to give individual investors some help for investment strategy.

무선 네트워크 환경에서 끊김 없는 개체 무관 핸드오버에 관한 연구

최지훈,김동일 東義大學校産業技術開發硏究所 2009 産業技術硏究誌 Vol.23 No.-

As a mobility support for IP have studied, Internet Engineering Task Force(ITEF) standardized the mobile IPv6 protocol. When a mobile node moves between networks, MIPv6 maintains connectivity to network and supports seamless communication, and these processes are called a Handover. IEEE 802.21 standardized MIH(Media Independent Handover) for seamless Handover. MIH used three services for Handover between low layer and upper layer . In this paper, we designed two modes on existing MIH for seamless Handover. We implemented a dual-interface mobile host(MH) model in network simulation2 (ns2) to evaluate how it performs in comparison with single-interface MH.

紡絲工程에서의 Emulsion Fume 處理를 위한 充塡塔 適用에 관한 硏究

최동훈,박진식,장성호,김일배,서정민,김장호 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1996 硏究報告 Vol.19 No.2

This study was carried out to interpret hydraulic behavior and component analysis of the emulsion fume, laboratory work of mass transfer in the packing tower which packed 50mm plastic Hiflow-ring. The results from experiment are as follows : 1. The component of emulsion fume is Cyclododecane, 1-Tridecene, 4-Nonene 5-butyl. The kinds of Alkene contained approxymately 76.23 percent. 2. To compare with conventional packing, 50mm Hiflow-ring could save energy because of low pressure drop under high load. 3. The unique magnituteds of packing witch was used are as follows. Cv = 5.18 × 10^(-4) , m = 0.683, n=0.462 so we can predict efficiency which occurres. 4. To require plant of the packing tower in the gas capacity factor 2.7 (Kg^(1/2) m^(-1/2) s^(1))