石炭, 洋灰關聯産業이 嶺東地域經濟에 미치는 波及效果 分析

박형래,강영갑,양정식,류한천 강릉대학교동해안지역연구소 1994 東海岸硏究 Vol.5 No.1

본 논문의 목적은 지역산업연관표를 이용하여 영동지역의 산업연관 관계를 계량적으로 분석하는데 있다. 이러한 산업연관 분석방법은 영동지역의 산업상호간 경제활동과 구조적 특징을 체계적으로 분석하고 장래의 산업 변화에 대한 예측을 가능하게 한다. 본연구의 결과에 나타난 몇가지 중요한 점은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 석탄, 양회산업은 지역산업연관효과가 매우 높은 수준으로 측정됨으로써 이들 특화산업이 지역발전의 선도산업으로서 중요한 역할을 수행하고 있음을 보여주고 있다. 둘째, 이들 두 산업이 영동지역내에서는 중요한 산업이지만 양회산업의 경우 지역전체 생산에서 차지하는 비중이 매우 높은 산업임에도 불구하고 고용승수로 측정되는 고용효과 측면에서는 그 영향이 그리 크지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 이것은 시멘트 산업이 자본집약적인 장치산업으로서 자본의 규모에 비해 고용자를 많이 사용하지 않기 때문인 것으로 평가된다. The purpose of this study is to analyze the quantitative characteristics of the Young-Dong regional economy in industrial interleatedness by using the 1990 I-O table. The analysis of this structural character and industrial interrelatedness makes it possible to estimate the current structural problems and future prospects of Young-Dong regional economy. The findings of this study can be summarized as follows: 1)The coal mining and cement industries sector have relatively high and wide-spreading positive impacts on the regional output and income. 2)Above two sectors showed different impacts pattern on the employment. Coal mining sector gives relatively higher impacts on the regional employment but cement industry sector gives lower impacts on the regional economy because cement industries sector is labor saving industries with large equipment requirement.

동해안지역 해안송림의 친환경적 이용방안

심상화 강릉대학교 동해안지역연구소 2000 국제 심포지움 Vol.2000 No.1

영동지역 4개 저수지의 식물성 플랑크톤 분포에 의한 오수생물학적 연구

박영제,김양배,전방욱,김형섭 江陵大學校東海岸地域硏究所 1993 東海岸硏究 Vol.4 No.1

영동지역에 위치하는 4개 저수지를 대상으로 1991년 9월에 수질조사 및 식물성 플랑크톤 분포에 의한 오수생물학적 수질평가 연구를 시도하였다. 수질평가를 위하여 수온, 수소이온농도, 총질소, 총인, 엽록소 a, 및 식물성 플랑크톤의 현존량을 조사하였다. 동정된 식물성 플랑크톤은 총 58종류로 남조류 10종, 황색편모조 1종, 와편모조 2종, 갈색편모조 1종 및 녹조류 37종류였다. 식물성 플랑크톤의 우점종은 저수지별로 달랐으며, 죽헌저수지는 Microsystis aeruginosa, 북동저수지는 Peridinium cunningtonii var. contactum, 달방댐은 Staurastrum simonyi var. simonyi, 초당저수지는 Chlamydomonas umbonata로 밝혀졌다. 수질 및 식물성 플랑크톤의 분포유형을 기준으로 호수 수질을 생물학적으로 판정할 때 죽헌, 북동 및 초당저수지는 β-중부수성 호수로 달방댐은 빈부수성 호수로 판정되었다. The survey of water quality and saprobiotic phytoplankton distribution was carried out in 4 reservoirs in eastern area of Kangwon Province at September 1991. Temperature, pH, total-N, total-P, chl.a, and standing crop of phytoplankton were measured for water quality examination. Total numbers of phytoplankton identified were 58 spp, consisted of 10 spp Cyanophyta, 1 spp Chrysophyta, 2 spp Dinophyta, 1 spp Crytophyta, and 37 spp Chlorophyta. The dominant species of phytoplankton in each reservoir was different as follows: Microsystis aeruginosa in Jukhean, Peridinium cunningtonii var. contactum in Bukdong, Staurastrum simonyi var. simonyi in Dalbang, and Chlamydomonas umbonata in Chodang. Estimated from the data of water quality and phytoplankton distribution, the reservoirs of Jukheon, Bukdong and Chodang were β-mesosaprobic whereas Dalbang was oligosaprobic.

구정지구 문화마을 경관형성 방안 : Gujong Munwha Village in Kangnung-City

배중남,박용진 강릉대학교동해안지역연구소 1999 東海岸硏究 Vol.9 No.2

본 연구는 농어촌 마을에 있어서 그 마을만이 지니는 장소성, 역사성 및 지역의 자연환경을 고려한 쾌적한 주거환경 및 생산 환경의 정비를 위해 바람직한 추진방향을 제시할 목적으로 실시하였다. 이를 위하여 본 연구에서는 지방자치단체로부터 위탁받아 농어촌 공사에서 추진 중에 있고 오는 2002년까지 약 800개의 마을단지를 조성할 계획으로 있는 문화마을 조성사업에 관한 그 실태를 조사하고 문제점을 파악한 후 그 대안을 제시하였다. 그 결과 현재 진행중인 문화마을 조성사업은 소득과 생활이 조화된 활력 있는 미래지향적인 농어촌마을을 조성할 목적으로 추진되고 있으나, 현실적으로는 새로운 택지조성만이 진행되고 있었다. 특히, 새로이 조성되는 문화마을에 대한 마을 전체상이 없으며 지역활성화 방향이 고려되어 있지 않았다. 더욱 중요한 것은 새로이 조성되는 문화마을과 기존의 취락과의 연계성, 주변 환경과의 조화성, 생산기반시설과의 연계성 등이 미약한 것으로 판단할 수 있었다. 이를 보완하기 위하여 필자는 마을경관계획을 제안하였고 특히, 본 연구조사에서는 강릉시 구정지구의 문화마을을 사례연구지로 선정하여 경관계획을 실시하였다. The objective of this study was to suggest the development guidelines that were focused on analyzing the site, natural and human environment of the Korean rural community in order to enhance residential and productive environment. For this, plans for developing the Munwha Villages supported by Korea Rural Development Corporation and Kangnung city were reviewed. As the results, the project for developing Munwha Villages showed the trend only focused on developing residential areas although this project was planned to improve income level as well as enhance life environment of residents. Analyzed result showed that Munwha Villiages were developed without considering the overall image of the community and presenting detailed strategies for promoting local economy. In addition, problems related to the connection between existing communities and new Munwha Villiage, the hamony with natural and human environment, the productive infra structure, and others were pointed out as problems. Based on analyzing problems from existing plan, the landscape plan for new Munwha Villiage was suggested. This plan was, then applied to Gujong villiage, Kangnung city, Korea as a case study. In conclusion, the landscape plan suggested in this study should be provided as an application model. Remaining difficulties, however, include administrative, legal, and financial support from local and federal government.

영동지역의 기업유치에 있어 물류의 역활에 대한 인지도 설문조사

최용기,성기석 강릉대학교동해안지역연구소 1995 東海岸硏究 Vol.6 No.1

영동지역에 기업을 유치하는데 있어 물류의 역할에 대한 인지도를 설문 조사하였다. 조사 결과 전반적인 물류 역할에 대한 인지도는 54%였다. 물류의 역할 중에서는 수송기능에 대한 관심이 높았고, 영동지역의 물류에 있어 가장 시급한 것은 영동고속도로의 확장과 동해고속도로의 신설을 통해 교통문제를 해결하는 것이다. 영동지역의 기업유치에 가장 유리한 지역은 동해가 33%였다. 이는 동해가 물류의 수송 기능을 가장 원활히 수행할 수 있는 지역으로 인식되기 때문이다. A survey on the recognition of the role of Logistics in attracting enterprises in Young-Dong province results in the 54% of recognition. The most interested part among the roles of Logistics is the transportation function, and the most urgent thing in attracting enterprises in Young-Dong province is resolving the superannuated transportation condition through extending Young-Dong Highway and constructing Dong-Hae Highway. The superior area in attracting enterprises is Dong-Hae, which has come out for 33%, because Dong-Hae is recognized as the best area for performing the transportation function in Young-Dong province.

江陵地方에서 月別 氣象 特異 現象에 關한 硏究

崔孝,蔡鐘德,崔俊 강릉대학교동해안지역연구소 1996 東海岸硏究 Vol.7 No.1

1911年 1月 1日부터 1993年 12月 31日까지 江陵 地域에서 나타난 氣象 特異 現象이 調査되었다. 日最高氣溫과 日最低氣溫은 1924年 7月 25日 39.40℃ 와 1915年 1月 13日에 -20.20℃였다. 日最低濕度가 1994年 1月 27日 3%와 月最低濕度는 1月에 52%가 나타났다. 瞬間最大風涑이 1983年 4月 27日에 41.6m/s의 매우 强한 突風이 記錄되었고, 日最大風速은 1958年 1月 15日에 36.7m/s을 나타내었다. 春季에는 襄杆之風이라는 强風이 出現하는데 3月과 4月에 35m/s 以上의 크기를 갖는다. 日最大降水量은 1921年 9月 24日에 305.5mm였으나 6月에서 9月까지 많은 量의 降水가 集中的으로 일어났다. 最深新積雪量은 1990年 1月 31日에 69.7cm 였으나, 12月과 2月에도 60.8cm와 67.2cm를 보이므로 12月에서 2月 사이에 높은 數値를 보인다. 降雪은 一般的으로 11月에서 4月까지 이루워지며, 降雪日數가 2月에 月平均 6.3日로 最大로 나타나고 있다. 江陵 地域의 降雪은 때때로 西風系에서 形成되기도 하지만, 주로 北東風 下에서 東海로부터 流入된 濕氣가 많은 空氣가 江陵을 거쳐 西側의 大關嶺으로 强制 上昇되면서 冷却되어 많은 降雪이 招來된다. 相(서리)가 나타나는 日數의 月平均 3月에 4.4日로 12月, 1月, 2月보다 越等히 많다. 그 理由는 夜間에 强風이 높은 傾斜를 갖는 大關嶺을 넘으면서 强한 下降氣流로 바뀌게 되어 上層의 매우 寒冷한 空氣가 地表로 下降하면서 地表 附近의 空氣를 冷却시켜 3月에 서리가 자주 發生하게 된다. 結氷日數는 平均氣溫이 가장 낮은 1月에 27.6日로 가장 높게 나타난다. 雨雹 出現의 月平均은 3月에 0.3日의 最大頻度를 나타내고 있으며, 3月에 江陵 地域에 부는 强한 西風이 大關嶺을 넘어면서 매우 大氣를 不安定하게 하여 上層의 구름 속에서 冷却된 氷晶이 地表로 下降하면서 雨雹을 形成한다. 주로 移流霧와 滑昇霧인 沿岸霧의 出現은 7月에 月平均 最大値가 3.5日이었다.黃沙現象은 中國에서 4月 初에 이루워지며, 江陵에서 月平均 最大頻度는 0.8日이었다. 그러나 近來에는 黃沙의 長距離 輸送에 依해 3日程度 視界의 不良이 發見되었다. 雷電은 6月에서 8月사이 降水量이 많을 때인 7月에 月平均 最大出現이 2.7日이었다. Particular meteorological phenomena observed at Kangnung city for 83 years from January 1, 1911 through December 31, 1993 were investigated. Daily maximum and minimum air temperatures were in the range of 39.4℃ on July 25, 1942 to -20.2℃ on January 13, 1915, respectively. Daily and monthly minimum relative humidities were 3% on January 27, 1944, and 52% in January. Instantaneous maximum wind speed was recorded with a magnitude of 41.6m/s as gust, on April 27, 1983, and daily maximum one was 36.7m/s on January 15, 1958. Strong winds called Yang-Kan- Chi-Pung appear in spring and had magnitudes over 35m/s in March and April. Although daily maximum rainfall amount was 305.5mm on September 24, 1921, a great amount of rainfall concentrically took a place in the Kangnung area from June through September. Maximum depth of accumulated new snow was 69.7cm on January 31, 1990, but as accumulated ones in December and February were also detected with depth of 60.8cm and 67.2cm, they were in the high magnitudes from December through February. Snowfall generally occurred from November through April and the maximum number of snowfall days was 6.3 as a monthly mean February. The snowfalls occasionally occurred under westerly winds, but mainly, heavy snowfalls were produced by cooling of humid air intruded from the East Sea through Kangnung, forcibly rising over Mt. Taegwallyung in the west, under north-easterly winds. Monthly mean of frostfall days had a maximum magnitude of 4.4 days in March and it was much greater than those in December, January and February. The frequent presence of frost happen to be in March, since the strong winds at night flowed over high steep Taegwallyung mountain and they became strong downslope winds, resulting in the cooling of air near the ground surface by downward motion of very cold air from the upper layer toward the ground. Maximum number of ice formation days showed 27.6 in January, when the monthly averaged minimum air temperature was observed. Monthly mean of hailfall occurrence had a maximum frequency of 0.3 day in March, and similary to the frost, as the strong winds rising over Mt. Taegwallyung induced very unstable condition of air near the mountain, ice crystals in the cloud of upper atmosphere came down to the ground, enhancing the formation of hails. Monthly averaged maximum occurrence of coastal fogs, which were generally advection and upslope fogs, had 3.5 days. As Yellow- sandy event is generated in China in the early April, its monthly averaged maximum frequency at Kangnung was also 0.8 day in April, but recently, about 3 days of bad visibility have been often detected at the city due to its long range transport. Thunder and lightening had monthly mean maximum occurrence of 2.7days in July, when the rainfall amounts showed high values from June through August.

東海沿岸 海水浴場 開發에 關한 硏究 : Focused on the Fishing Villages 漁村을 中心으로

張翼昊 江陵大學校東海岸地域硏究所 1990 東海岸硏究 Vol.1 No.1

As the coastal resources are getting decreased and the ocean fishery gradually increased, the coastal fishery is slowing down year by year and its rate of increase in lower than the average rate of fisherly increase of Korea. In addition, constitutional small - scall, vulnerable basic facilities and low investment funds have resulted in the decrease of productivity in the coastal fishery. Also, low income has drove the fishermen to give up fishing and the decrease of labor quality is evident. Considering the above - mentioned present situation, it is urgently needed to increase the income of fishermen by carrying out the tourist development projects in the undeveloped fishing villages. 1. The coastal area of the East Sea is favored by nature for tourism and so well - known as four - season touring resort. The number of sea bather visiting this area in summer was about 3,977,000 in 1981 and about 4,520,000 in 1989, increasing 8,440 in number during the last 8 years. The most favorite bathing resort was Kyungpo, followed by Naksan and Mangsang. As the coastal fishing villages near the existing resorts are expected to be developed into the additional four - season touring resorts, it is the time to build up and carry out the plan for changing these villages into the touring villages should aim to give the chance to the visitors for enjoying their spare times and raising their will for industrial production, and also to the residents for expanding their jobs and increasing their income. In view of the present situation of coastal touring resorts, the coastal area of the East Sea holds 29 out of 119 bathing resorts of Korea, 25 out of 104 sea fishing places, 13 out of 115 national, resorts, and 43 out of 1,183 cultural assets. 2. The kinds of incidental business available in the fishing villages are inn, private residence, dinning house, pleasure boat, and a variety of shopping corners. For these business, governmental offices, fisheries cooperatives, and the Office of Fishery make a variety of supports. The general difficulties for the tourist development in the fishing villages are disharmony in development, lack of diversity, insufficient quantity and low quality of tourist facilities, and a variety of legal restrictions. 3. The general problems facing for the development of bathing resorts are the insufficient for the tourists, inaccordance between the residents in managing the resort facilities, poor working funds for serving the tourists during the low - demand season, non - hygienic facilities of inn and dinning house, lack of souvenirs and special local products for the tourists. 4. The general difficulties in developing the fishing places are low awareness of developmental need, poor activities of publicity, legal restrictions, and insufficient safety guarantee in using the fishing boats. 5. The general plans for improving the tourist develpment in the fishing village are the reorganization and extensive development of tourist potential, investment enlargement of social in direct capitals, extention of touring resorts, development of all season leisure to break a sow - demand season, and partial easing of legal restrictions in developing the touring resorts. 6. Harmonious development and reasonable management of bathing resorts are needed. Reduction of low - demand season by developing all - season leisure items can be added as indispensable conditions. 7. In the lodging business, the government should establish an appropriate facilities standard and supervise its obeyance. In the private residence, the residents themselves should arrange the different rental fees according to the available facilities. For developing the souvenirs and the special local products representing the regional characteristics, officials and residents should cooperate together. 8. For the tourist development in the fishing village, considered are a variety of ways to increase the income of fishermen by application of the fishermen fraternity and to develop the subsidiary occupations for the fishermen. In carrying out these projects, governmental guide and support should be made to be in good harmony between the increase of income and the conservation of nature.

Nocturnal Increase of O₃Concentrations under the Development of Internal Gravity Waves in the Mountainous Coastal Region

Choi,Hyo 강릉대학교동해안지역연구소 1996 東海岸硏究 Vol.7 No.1

急傾斜인 山의 後面에서 發達하는 內部重力波의 出現 下에 西側에 山脈과 東側에 沿岸海에 둘러 쌓여 있는 江陵市의 地面에서 O₃ 濃度가 都市型의 典型的인 類型과는 다르다. 바람暴風의 發達 前과 後에 晝間의 高濃度의 O₃은 海風 循環에 의해 東海에서 都市로 오존의 流入과 NOx(NO-NO₂-O₃)의 光分解 循環에 起因한다. 또 다른 重要한 要因은 晝間에 强한 綜觀風으로 부터 地域性化된 東向의 內部重力波가 東海로 부터 內陸으로 向하는 西向의 海風을 妨害하며, 內部重力波와 海風 循環과 같은 2個의 相異한 大氣循環을 招來하고, 그 相異한 循環에 依한 空氣의 갇힘은 高濃度의 O₃을 惹起한다. 反面에 夜間의 低濃度는 海洋으로 부터 O₃의 流入이나 NOx의 光化學 反應이 없기 때문이다. 沿岸 都市 西側에 있는 山의 東側 傾斜를 따라 內部動力波를 일으키는 바람暴風 期間동안, O₃濃度는 一般的으로 하루 종일 높으며, 晝間보다 夜間에 특히 더 높다. 晝間에 O₃의 高濃度는 海風에 依해 O₃의 流入과 下降暴風에 起因한 上層으로 부터 運動量 轉移와, 비록 NOx(NO와 NO₂)의 一部가 强風에 의해 消散된다 할지라도 部分的으로는 NOx의 光化學 反應에 依해 招來된다. 그러나 O₃의 夜間의 高濃度는 極度로 發達된 바람暴風 下에 上層으로 부터 運動量에 依해 輸送되는 O₃에 唯一하게 依存하게 된다. 바람暴風 前과 後에는 NO₂와 類似하게, SO₂濃度는 午後에 最大値를, 夜間에 最低値를 나타낸다. 바람暴風下에 그들은 强風에 의해 消散되어 거의 一定하며, 바람暴風 前과 後에 比해 매우 낮다. 江陵의 西側에 있는 內陸 都市 原州는 午後에 最大値, 夜間에 最低値를 나타내는 典型的인 都市型 오존 濃度를 나타내며, 그 都市로부터 江陵을 向서하는 O₃의 長距離 運送이 江陵에서 夜間에 O₃의 增加에 奇與할 수 없다. Under the occurrence of intermal gravity waves developed in the lee-side of a steep mountain, O₃ concentration on the ground level at Kangnung city surrounded by both mountains in the west and coastal sea in the east does not have a typical pattern of an urban city. Before and after the development of the windstorm, the high concentrations of O₃ during the day are due to the intrusion of O₃ from the eastern sea into the city by a sea breeze circulation and to the photolytic cycle of NOx(NO-NO₂-O₃). Another important fact is that in the daytime hours, eastward internal gravity waves localized from strong synoptic scale winds prohibit westward sea breeze from the eastern sea toward inland sites, resulting in two different kinds of atmospheric circulations like internal gravity wave and sea breeze circulations, and trapping of air by two opposited circulations also causes the high O₃ concentrations. On the other hand, their low concentrations in the nighttime hours are attributed to neither intrusion of O₃ from sea nor photochemical reaction of NOx For the windstorm period, which cause internal gravity waves along the eastern slope of the mountain in the west of coastal city, the O₃ concentrations are generally high all day long, and especially higher in the nighttime hours than daytime. It means that the high O₃ concentrations for daytime hours result from both intrusion of O₃ by sea breeze and by the momentum transfer from the upper level due to the downslope windstorm, and partly photochemical reaction of NOx, even if some amounts of NOx (NO and NO₂) spread out by the strong winds. However, the nighttime higher concentration of O₃ depends upon only the O₃ transported by the momentum from the upper atmosphere under the extremly development of the windstrom. In similar to NO₂ distribution, SO₂ concentrations also dipict a miximum value in the afternoon and a minimum at night, before and after the occurrence of the wind storm. Under the windstorm, they have almost constant values due to its spreading out by the strong winds and are much smaller than those before and after the windstorm. Since an inland city, Wonju in the west of Kangnung shows an urban type of ozone concentrations, which have a maximum in the afternoon and a minimum at night, the long- range transport of O₃ from the city toward Kangnung could not make any contribution to the nocturnal increase of O₃ at Kangnung.

해안림의 다면적 기능과 시대적 가치변화

이경재 강릉대학교 동해안지역연구소 2000 국제 심포지움 Vol.2000 No.1

高冷地 氣候를 利用한 Tulip(Tulipa gesneriana L.) 栽培에 觀한 硏究

金鶴起 강릉대학교동해안지역연구소 1994 東海岸硏究 Vol.5 No.2

본 연구는 고냉지 기후를 이용한 튜립의 抑制栽培와 튜립구근의 국내생산 가능성을 검토하고자 평난지인 강릉과 대관령 고냉지에 4개의 포장(해발 10m, 50m, 800m, 1,000m)을 설치하고 5품종(Apeldoorn, Cassini, Golden Apeldoorn, Kees Neris, Lustige Witwe)을 공시하여 시험했던 바 결과는 다음과 같다. 대관령은 강릉에 비해 튜립재배 기간동안 平均氣溫이 7℃ 낮고, 地溫은 5.5℃ 정도 낮았다. 양지역 공히 집+비닐 멀칭을 했을경우 대관령의 積雪(15m 이상)하의 지온이 강릉보다 0.6℃ 높았다. 횡계지역(해발 800m, 1,000m) 栽培區는 강릉 지역구에 비해 出芽期, 花? 形成期, 開花期등 전단계에서 10∼20日 지연되어 抑制栽培 효과를 기대할 수 있었다. 개화기의 草長은 40cm이상으로 全區에서 양호하였으나 1,000m고지에서는 冷害를 입어 전혀 상품 가치가 없었다. 球根 생산에 있어 총 球根數는 4.5∼15배, 總 球根重은 2.6∼3.3배 증가 하였다. 種球 생산에 있어 Lustige Witwe를 제외하고는 種球數 2.5∼3.3배로 양호하였고 種球重은 2∼2.7배 증가하여 5%수준의 有意差로 우수한 성적을 보였다. 능률적인 品種은 球重型 품종인 Apeldoorn과 Golden Apeldoorn인 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 보아 대관령 지방도 出芽후 생육초기의 凍害防止 및 收穫期 비가림을 위한 하우스시설하에서는 優良球 생산이 가능할 것으로 사료된다. To examine the possibilities of a retarding cultivation by utilizing a highland climate and the bulb production of tulip in Korea, five different varieties of tulip(Apeldoorn, Cassini Golden Apeldoorn, Kees Neris and Lustige Witwe) were cultivated at four different elevations (10m, 50m, 80m and 1,000m above the sea level), using the fields located in a lowland(Kangneung) and a highland(Daekwallyeong). The results are summarized as the follow: During the tulip cultivation, the mean air and soil temperatures of Daekwallyeong were 7℃ and 5.5℃ lower as compared wish those of Kangneung, respectively. The soil temperatures of the plots mulched wist rice straw and vinyl were 0.6℃ higher in Daekwallyeong than in Kangneung when the depth of snow in Daekwallyeong was over 15cm. Through all the growth stages such as emergence, flower bud formation and flowering, the plant growth on the fields of Daekwallyeong(800m and 1,000m above the sea level) was delayed by 10 to 20 days as compared with that on the fields of Kangneung, suggesting the effect of retarding cultivation. The plant height at flowering time was as good as over 40cm at all the elevations, but the plants grown at the elevation of 1,000m were of no commercial value due to cold damage. The total number and weight of bulbs increased by 4.5 to 15 times and by 2.6 to 3.3 times, respectively. Except the variety of Lustige Witwe, the rates of increase in the number of seed-grade bulbs were as good as 2.5 to 3.3 times, and those in the weight of seed-grade bulbs were as excellent as 2 to 2.7 times with the significance at the 5% level. The weight-type varieties of Apeldoorn and Golden Apeldoorn were found to be suitable for bulb production. The results suggest that good-quality tulip bulbs be produced in Daekwallyeong with the use of vinyl houseds for the prevention of cold damage at the early growth stage after emergence and the rain shielding at harvesting time.