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AEROSOL SIZE DISTRIBUTION AND ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION IN URBAN AREAS OF NORTHERN CHINA
ZHONG, LIANG-XI,CHUNG,YONG-SEUNG,NING,DA-TONG 한국교원대학교 환경과학연구소 1996 환경연구논문집 Vol.- No.3
Based on monitoring data collected in the northern cities of China since 1980, the particle size spectra, distribution modes and the elements distribution features are dicussed in this article. It is found that the major aerial contaminant in urban aerosol of northern China is fine dust. It makes up about 70% of the total suspended particulate matter by mass concentration. The spectra of aerosol particles in the range 0.5-15.0㎛ are all unimodal structures. Regardless of narrow or broad profiles, their peak values fall between 0.5 and 1.0㎛, while their surface area spectra present a trimodal structure. The three peaks are in the range 0.5-1.8, 2-8 and 10.20 ㎛, respectively. Of these peaks the surface area concentration of particulates had made a large contribution to the first and the second peaks. The shape of mass distribution also presents a trimodal structure, and the positions of the three peaks are the same as those found in the surface area pattern. Mineral elements mainly exist in large size particles. The anthropogenic pollution elements, however, are contained in corpuscles (<2.0㎛). Compared to the situation in winter, some element concentrations of particulates in summer are found to have generally decreased. Copyright ⓒ 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd.
Zhong-Hong Dai,Jie Shao,Yi-Ming Chen,Yu-Xiang Zheng,Jia-Da Wu,Liang-Yao Chen,Rong-Jun Zhang 한국물리학회 2009 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.55 No.3
In this work, we have studied the optical properties of wurtizite zinc-oxide films grown on silicon (100) substrates by means of pulsed laser deposition (PLD). Spectroscopic ellipsometry and three dispersion models, namely, the Sellmeier, Cauchy, and Forouhi-Bloomer models, were applied for determining the optical constants of the ZnO thin films. A comparison was made between two samples that were deposited for 30 minutes (sample I) and 60 minutes (sample II), respectively. X-ray diffraction analysis indicates that there are two types of preferred-orientation, i.e., (101) and (100) orientations for sample I and II, respectively. Results show that the Cauchy model gives the best fit for the samples with least root mean square error (RMSE) whereas the Forouhi-Bloomer model is most suitable for the data analysis in both the transparent and the absorption regions. The optical properties extracted from different dispersion models have been compared with the data reported in the literature. The results given in this work show that different dispersion models should be applied to obtain the optical constants In this work, we have studied the optical properties of wurtizite zinc-oxide films grown on silicon (100) substrates by means of pulsed laser deposition (PLD). Spectroscopic ellipsometry and three dispersion models, namely, the Sellmeier, Cauchy, and Forouhi-Bloomer models, were applied for determining the optical constants of the ZnO thin films. A comparison was made between two samples that were deposited for 30 minutes (sample I) and 60 minutes (sample II), respectively. X-ray diffraction analysis indicates that there are two types of preferred-orientation, i.e., (101) and (100) orientations for sample I and II, respectively. Results show that the Cauchy model gives the best fit for the samples with least root mean square error (RMSE) whereas the Forouhi-Bloomer model is most suitable for the data analysis in both the transparent and the absorption regions. The optical properties extracted from different dispersion models have been compared with the data reported in the literature. The results given in this work show that different dispersion models should be applied to obtain the optical constants
Enhancement of Virus-induced Gene Silencing in Tomato by Low Temperature and Low Humidity
Da-Qi Fu,Ben-Zhong Zhu,Hong-Liang Zhu,Hong-Xing Zhang,Yuan-Hong Xie,Wei-Bo Jiang,Xiao-Dan Zhao,Yun-Bo Luo 한국분자세포생물학회 2006 Molecules and cells Vol.21 No.1
Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is an attractive reverse-genetics tool for studying gene function in plants. We showed that silencing of a phytoene desaturase (PDS) gene is maintained throughout TRV-PDSinoculated tomato plants as well as in their flowers and fruit and is enhanced by low temperature (15°C) and low humidity (30%). RT-PCR analysis of the PDS gene revealed a dramatic reduction in the level of PDS mRNA in leaves, flowers and fruits. Silencing of PDS results in the accumulation of phytoene, the desaturase substrate. In addition, the content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll in the leaves of PDS-silenced plants was reduced by more than 90%. We also silenced the LeEIN2 gene by infecting seedlings, and this suppressed fruit ripenning. We conclude that this VIGS approach should facilitate large-scale functional analysis of genes involved in the development and ripening of tomato.
Tumor-stromal crosstalk in invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma: a pivotal role of CCL7
Jung, Da-Woon,Che, Zhong Min,Kim, Jinmi,Kim, Kyungshin,Kim, Ki-Yeol,Williams, Darren,Kim, Jin Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2010 International journal of cancer: Journal internati Vol.127 No.2
<P>Recent studies have shown that stromal fibroblasts have a more profound influence on the initiation and progression of carcinoma than was previously appreciated. This study aimed at investigating the reciprocal relationship between cancer cells and their associated fibroblasts at both the molecular and cellular level in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). To identify key molecular regulators expressed by carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAF) that promote cancer cell invasion, microarrays were performed by comparing cocultured OSCC cells and CAF with monoculture controls. Microarray and real-time PCR analysis identified marked upregulation of the chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 7 (CCL7) in cocultured CAF. ELISA showed an elevated level of CCL7 secretion from CAF stimulated by coculture with OSCC cells. CCL7 promoted the invasion and migration of OSCC cells, and the invasiveness was inhibited by treatment with CCL7 neutralizing antibody. OSCC cells were shown to express CCR1, CCR2 and CCR3, receptors for CCL7, by RT-PCR. In addition, treatment with anti-CCR1 or anti-CCR3 antibody inhibited CCL7-induced OSCC cell migration, implicating that CCL7 promotes cancer cell migration through CCR1 and CCR3 on OSCC cells. Cytokine antibody array analysis of the supernatant from OSCC cell culture revealed that interleukin-1α was an inducer of CCL7 secretion by CAF. This study confirms the reciprocal relationship of the molecular crosstalk regulating the invasion of OSCC and describes new potential targets for future therapy.</P>
Yanshuang Meng,Zhong Zhang,Wangqing Han,Yue Zhang,Fuliang Zhu,Da-jian Wang 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2016 NANO Vol.11 No.1
A one-step microwave-assisted pyrolysis of ionic liquid process is developed to synthesize carbon-coated LiFePO4 by using the ionic liquid [BMIm]N(CN)2 as a carbon source. A thin layer of uniform and nanoscaled carbon film is formed on the LiFePO4 particles surface with a strong interface. The electrochemical properties of LiFePO4 are improved due to the carbon coating which increases the electronic conductivity of LiFePO4. The results indicate that the microwaveassisted pyrolysis of ionic liquid process is a rapid and efficient method to prepare carbon-coated LiFePO4 material and other carbon-coated electrode materials.
Wang, Jing-Luan,Wu, Da-Wei,Cheng, Zhao-Zhong,Han, Wei-Zhong,Xu, Sheng-Wei,Sun, Ni-Na Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.12
Objective: This study evaluated the expression level of high mobility group box-B1 (HMGB-1) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) inmorder to reveal any relation with development and prognosis. Methods: NSCLC and normal tissues were selected from 30 patients at age of 30-73, and used for RT-PCR and Western blot analyses of HMGB-1. A total of 100 paraffin embedded NSCLC tissues were also isolated from patients through surgical resection, and used for detection of HMGB-1 by immunohistochemistry. In addition, 50 samples were also applied for MMP-9 detection, and 30 normal tissues were considered as controls. Correlation analysis of HMGB-1 and MMP-9 was carried out by Pearsons correlation coefficient. Results: The average expression level of HMGB-1 in NSCLC patients was significantly higher than in normal lung tissues. In addition, patients in III-IV period exhibit significantly higher positive rate of HMGB-1 when compared with I-II period cases. Furthermore, a positive correlation with HMGB-1 was found in the expression of MPP-9. Conclusion: HMGB-1 was highly expressed in NSCLC, which may become a prognostic and predictive marker for NSCLC. Besides, MPP-9 was positively correlated with HMGB-1.
Ling Chen,Jing Zhong,Jiang-Hua Liu,Duan-Fang Liao,Ying-Ying Shen,Xiao-Lin Zhong,Xiao Xiao,Wen-Jun Ding,Xiu-Da Peng,Wei Xiong,Xu-Yu Zu 한국유방암학회 2019 Journal of breast cancer Vol.22 No.1
Purpose: Pokemon, also known as ZBTB7A, belongs to the POZ and Krüppel (POK) family of transcription repressors and is implicated in tumor progression as a key proto-oncogene. This present study aimed at determining the mechanism by which Pokemon inhibits transforming growth factor β (TGFβ)-Smad4 pathway-dependent proliferation arrest of breast cancer cells via specificity protein 1 (SP1). Methods: Over-expressing plasmid or small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection was used to regulate Pokemon levels. The EdU incorporation assay, MTS assay, and clone formation were used to identify the inhibitory effect of Pokemon siRNA on cell proliferation. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay confirmed that Pokemon deletion inhibited the expression of proliferation-associated genes. The dual-luciferase reporter assay, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, and co-immunoprecipitation assay were used to analyze binding between Pokemon, Smad4, and SP1. Results: Pokemon deletion induced proliferation arrest of breast cancer cells and inhibited the expression of proliferation-associated genes, especially Smad4. Pokemon bound with SP1 to interdict Smad4 promoter activity. Information on clinical samples was obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas data, in which the Pokemon mRNA levels showed a negative correlation with Smad4 levels in different subtypes of breast cancer in two independent datasets. Conclusion: We demonstrated that Pokemon binds to SP1 to down-regulate Smad4 expression, thereby promoting proliferation of breast cancer cells. This suggests that Pokemon is a potential TGFβ-signaling participant in breast cancer progression.