Psychosocial Support during the COVID-19 Outbreak in Korea: Activities of Multidisciplinary Mental Health Professionals

현진희,You Sungeun,Sohn Sunju,Kim Seok-Joo,Bae Jeongyee,Baik Myungjae,Cho In Hee,Choi Hyunjung,Choi Kyeong-Sook,Chung Chan-Seung,Jeong Chanyoung,Joo Hyesun,Kim Eunji,Kim Heeguk,Kim Hyun Soo,Ko Jinsun,Lee 대한의학회 2020 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.35 No.22

As of April 18, 2020, there have been a total of 10,653 confirmed cases and 232 deaths due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Korea. The pathogen spread quickly, and the outbreak caused nationwide anxiety and shock. This study presented the anecdotal records that provided a detailed process of the multidisciplinary teamwork in mental health during the COVID-19 outbreak in the country. Psychosocial support is no less important than infection control during an epidemic, and collaboration and networking are at the core of disaster management. Thus, a multidisciplinary team of mental health professionals was immediately established and has collaborated effectively with its internal and external stakeholders for psychosocial support during the COVID-19 outbreak.

The Team Assessment and Diagnostic Instrument (TADI) : Validation of the Korean Version and Development of a Brief Form for Disaster Response Teams

Joohyang Kang,Sungeun You 위기관리 이론과 실천 2017 Crisisonomy Vol.13 No.5

재난위기대응은 전문가 개인의 수준이 아닌 조직 차원에서 이루어져야 하고 효율적인 재난위기대응을 위해서는 팀의 효율성 증진이 중요하다. 팀 평가 및 진단 척도(Team Assessment and Diagnostic Instrument, TADI)는 효율적인 팀 과제 수행을 위해 필요한 팀 내 의사소통 및 정보 공유 정도를 측정하기 위해 개발된 척도이다. 본 연구에서는 효율적인 팀 단위의 활동이 요구되는 재난위기대응팀을 대상으로 팀 평가 및 진단 척도(TADI)를 타당화하고 단축형을 제안하였다. 연구결과 팀 평가 및 진단 척도(TADI)의 신뢰도와 타당도는 모두 적합하였고, 요인분석 결과 단일요인이 추출되었다. 본 연구에서는 요인분석 결과를 바탕으로 10문항으로 구성된 단축형 척도를 제안하였다. 연구결과, 단축형 척도는 총 42문항으로 구성된 전체 척도와 유사한 수준의 신뢰도와 타당도를 보였다. 본 연구의 결과는 팀 평가 및 진단 척도(TADI)가 재난위기대응팀의 효율적인 수행을 위한 팀 역량을 평가하는 신뢰롭고 타당한 도구로 사용될 수 있음을 보여준다. Disaster and crisis responses must be approached at the organizational level, not at the individual level, and thus promoting team effectiveness is critical in disaster management. The Team Assessment and Diagnostic Instrument (TADI) measures team characteristics associated with team effectiveness such as information sharing and effective communication. The purpose of this study was to validate the Korean version of TADI for a sample of disaster response teams and develop a brief form. Factor analysis revealed a single factor for the 42-item TADI which had good reliability and validity. A brief version of TADI, which was developed based on the results of the factor analysis, consisted of only 10 items but its reliability and validity were as comparable as the full version. The findings of the study indicated that both the full and brief versions of the Team Assessment and Diagnostic Instrument (TADI) are valid and reliable instruments for disaster response team assessment in Korea.

보육교사의 실습지도 경험에 관한 반성적 평가

유병예(Byoungye You),양성은(Sungeun Yang) 가정과삶의질학회 2013 가정과삶의질연구 Vol.31 No.5

Suggestions for Roles and Qualifications of Disaster Mental Health Workforce Using a Delphi Process

Hyae-Young Yoon,Sungeun You,Soo Hyun Park,Jeong-Ho Seok,Yun-Kyeung Choi 위기관리 이론과 실천 2021 Crisisonomy Vol.17 No.8

본 연구에서는 재난 상황에서 대응하는 정신건강지원 인력의 역할과 책임에 대한 다직역 전문가들 의 의견을 수렴하기 위해 델파이 조사를 수행하였다. 델파이 조사의 패널은 총 20명으로, 간호, 사회 복지, 심리, 정신의학 분야의 전문가 각 5명씩으로 구성되었다. 델파이 설문지는 문헌조사, 포커스 그룹 인터뷰 및 공청회 등을 거쳐 작성된 20개 범주와 69개의 세부항목으로 구성되었다. 패널들은 1점(전혀 적절하지 않음)~10점(매우 적절함) 척도 상에서 역할 및 자격 규정(안)의 적절성을 평정하 였고, 각 세부항목을 수행하는데 적합하다고 생각하는 인력의 유형을 선택하였다. 델파이 결과는 재난정신건강지원인력의 역할 및 책임에 관한 범주와 기술, 세부 항목의 적절성 모두 평균 8점 이상 으로, 적절성이 매우 양호한 것으로 평가되었으나 각 역할 및 책임을 맡을 수 있는 인력의 자격에 차이가 있음을 보여주었다. 이러한 결과는 전문가들의 관점에 기반한 것으로, 추후 실무자들의 관점 을 보완할 필요성이 논의되었다. This study aimed to derive expert consensus regarding roles and responsibilities of disaster mental health personnel using a Delphi process. The Delphi panel was composed of twenty multidisciplinary experts from the field of psychology, nursing, social welfare, and psychiatry. Based on literature review, focus group interviews, and a public forum, 20 categories and 69 subdivisions of roles and responsibilities of disaster mental health workforce were developed. The Dephi panel assessed relevance of the content and suggested qualified mental health personnel for each role and responsibility. The result indicated that expert consensus was derived for all 20 categories and 69 subdivisions, with the consensus mean of 8 or above on a scale of 1 to 10. On the other hand, there was a slight difference in expert consensus regarding qualifications of personnel to perform each role and responsibility. These results were based on the viewpoints of experts, and thus its clinical applications and practical utility in the disaster mental health field were discussed.

Suicide rates among working-age adults in South Korea before and after the 2008 economic crisis

Chan, Chee Hon,Caine, Eric D,You, Sungeun,Fu, King Wa,Chang, Shu Sen,Yip, Paul Siu Fai BMJ Publishing Group Ltd 2014 Journal of epidemiology & community health Vol.68 No.3

<P><B>Background</B></P><P>Multiple studies have shown that macroeconomic factors are associated with changes in suicide rates. We investigated how changes in economic conditions associated with the recent economic crisis in South Korea influenced suicide rates among working-age adults.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>Time-series analyses were performed to examine the temporal associations of national unemployment rates and sex-employment-specific suicide rates in South Korea from 2003 to 2011, with particular attention to the increases of suicides that occurred during the recessionary period that began in 2008. We also compared the relative risk of suicide among different occupations.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>National unemployment rates were positively associated with suicide rates among employed and unemployed men and women, with a 2-month to 3 month lagged period. Significant increases of suicide rates among working-age adults during the recession were detected in most of the subgroups stratified by age, sex and employment status. Forty-three per cent of the increase of suicides was derived from the employed population. Compared with workers in elementary occupations, the relative risk of suicide for mangers increased by threefold during the recessionary period. Among those who were employed, half of the increases in suicides occurred among clerks and workers involved in sales and services.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Changes in macroeconomic conditions are tied to population-level suicide risks for employed and unemployed persons. However, these associations vary depending on sex, employment status and occupational roles. In advance of future economic crises, it is important to develop prevention initiatives intended to reach the diverse populations potentially exposed to the adverse effects of sudden economic disruptions.</P>

Additive-Free Hollow-Structured Co₃O₄ Nanoparticle Li-Ion Battery: The Origins of Irreversible Capacity Loss

Kim, Youngjun,Lee, Jung-Hyun,Cho, Sungeun,Kwon, Yongwoo,In, Insik,Lee, Jihoon,You, Nam-Ho,Reichmanis, Elsa,Ko, Hyungduk,Lee, Kyu-Tae,Kwon, Hyun-Keun,Ko, Doo-Hyun,Yang, Heesun,Park, Byoungnam American Chemical Society 2014 ACS NANO Vol.8 No.7

<P>Origins of the irreversible capacity loss were addressed through probing changes in the electronic and structural properties of hollow-structured Co<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> nanoparticles (NPs) during lithiation and delithiation using electrochemical Co<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> transistor devices that function as a Co<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> Li-ion battery. Additive-free Co<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> NPs were assembled into a Li-ion battery, allowing us to isolate and explore the effects of the Co and Li<SUB>2</SUB>O formation/decomposition conversion reactions on the electrical and structural degradation within Co<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> NP films. NP films ranging between a single monolayer and multilayered film hundreds of nanometers thick prepared with blade-coating and electrophoretic deposition methods, respectively, were embedded in the transistor devices for <I>in situ</I> conduction measurements as a function of battery cycles. During battery operation, the electronic and structural properties of Co<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> NP films in the bulk, Co<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>/electrolyte, and Co<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>/current collector interfaces were spatially mapped to address the origin of the initial irreversible capacity loss from the first lithiation process. Further, change in carrier injection/extraction between the current collector and the Co<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> NPs was explored using a modified electrochemical transistor device with multiple voltage probes along the electrical channel.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2014/ancac3.2014.8.issue-7/nn500218m/production/images/medium/nn-2014-00218m_0007.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn500218m'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Safety Measure for Overcoming Fire Vulnerability of Multiuse Facilities - A Comparative Analysis of Disastrous Conflagrations between Miryang and Jecheon -

Seol A Kwon,Jae Eun Lee,Yong Un Ban,Hae-Jin Lee,Sungeun You,Hyun Jung Yoo 위기관리 이론과 실천 2018 Crisisonomy Vol.14 No.5

우리사회는 지속성장 추구로 경제성장을 이뤘다. 하지만 그 이면에는 금전만능주의로 인한 사회적 무책임, 안전불감증, 무사안일주의로 대형 안전사고와 인재가 끊임없이 발생하고 있다. 이러한 불확 실성 사회에서 우리는 안전하고 건강한 미래사회를 위한 위기관리 시스템의 근본적인 변화와 노력 이 필요하다. 본 연구는 거듭되는 대형화재 참사 발생의 근본적인 화재취약성을 분석하고자 제천 스포츠센터 화재 참사와 밀양 세종병원 화재참사의 사례를 비교분석하였다. 연구결과 물리적 요인, 경제적 요인, 사회적 요인, 환경적 요인에서 모두 화재 취약성 요소들이 발견되었으며, 이에 대한 화재안전 대책 방안으로는 물리적 요인의 한계인 불법건물 증축, 소방안전시설 점검에 대한 처벌 및 법제도의 강화, 화재취약성 감소를 위한 경제적 요인으로는 재난관리 인력 증원, 사회적 요인은 위기관리커뮤니케이션의 개선과 재난약자에 대한 실태조사와 분석을 통한 실제적인 방재대책 마련, 환경적 요인에서의 해결방안으로 안전불감증, 무사안일주의, 느슨한 행정규제의 해소가 필요를 제시하였다. Severe fire vulnerability was revealed during the occurrence of repeated massive fire accidents such as the 2017 Jecheon fire and the 2018 Miryang hospital fire. The analysis and comparison of these cases confirmed that fire vulnerability factors were found in all physical, economic, social, and environmental factors. As the physical strategy for fire safety, this study demonstrated the needs to strengthen the legal punishment system, enforce thorough inspection of fire safety facilities and prevent illegal building extension. The economic strategy for reducing fire vulnerabilities includes the increase in personnel for disaster management. The social strategy focuses on improving risk management communication and preparing a practical alternative for disaster prevention by surveying and analyzing the disaster vulnerable. As for the environmental strategy, it proposes the resolutions of safety negligence, ostrich policy, and lax administrative regulations.

Disaster Preparedness, Vulnerability and Resilience - Review of Theories and Implementations

이재은(Jae Eun Lee),김도형(Dohyeong Kim),안첸(An Chen),케이코키타가와(Keiko Kitagawa),원정훈(Jeong Hun Won),유성은(Sungeun You),Gajendra Sharma,Azam Muhammad,송민선(Minsun Song),안룡천(Longtian An) 위기관리 이론과 실천 2020 Crisisonomy Vol.16 No.5

This review paper aims to suggest policy directions to secure the effective implementation of disaster preparedness policy by minimizing vulnerability for disaster and building disaster resilience in the event of large-scale disasters. Disaster preparedness refers to activities undertaken prior to the onset of a disaster to improve the response capacities of individuals, households, organizations, communities, and countries. The roles of these units include assessing their disaster vulnerabilities, anticipating problems that may arise in the event of disasters, and improving the ability to reduce disaster impact and ensure efficient and effective responses. In this context, we reviewed the theoretical framework underlying disaster preparedness, vulnerability, and resilience in disaster situations and then examined some of the problems that hinder proper preparation for a prompt and efficient response to the disaster. Based on the findings of the review, we recommended the government to develop programs to ensure effective implementation of disaster preparedness policies for vulnerability reduction and resilience building.

Factor Structure and Validation of the Revised Suicide Crisis Inventory in a Korean Population

Park Ji Yoon,Rogers Megan L.,Bloch-Elkouby Sarah,Richards Jenelle A.,Lee Sungwoo,Galynker Igor,You Sungeun 대한신경정신의학회 2023 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.20 No.2

Objective Because of the exceptionally high suicide rates in South Korea, new assessment methods are needed to improve suicide prevention. The current study aims to validate the revised Suicide Crisis Inventory-2 (SCI-2), a self-report measure that assesses a cognitiveaffective pre-suicidal state in a Korean sample.Methods With data from 1,061 community adults in South Korea, confirmatory factor analyses were first conducted to test the proposed one-factor and five-factor structures of the SCI-2. Also, an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed to examine possible alternative factor structure of the inventory.Results The one-factor model of the SCI-2 resulted in good model fit and similarly, the five-factor model also exhibited strong fit. Comparing the two models, the five-factor was evaluated as the superior model fit. An alternative 4-factor model derived from EFA exhibited a comparable model fit. The Korean version of the SCI-2 had high internal consistency and strong concurrent validity in relation to symptoms of suicidal ideation, depression, and anxiety.Conclusion The SCI-2 is an appropriate and a valid tool for measuring one’s proximity to imminent suicide risk. However, the exact factor structure of the SCI-2 may be culture-sensitive and warrants further study.

Early Trauma and Relationships among Recent Stress, Depressive Symptoms, Anxiety Symptoms, and Suicidal Ideation in Korean Women

C. Hyung Keun Park,Jae Won Lee,Jungjoon Moon,Dong-Wook Jeon,Sang Yeol Lee,Se-Hoon Shim,Shin Gyeom Kim,Jeewon Lee,백종우,Seong-Jin Cho,Min-Hyuk Kim,Sungeun You,전홍진,Sang Jin Rhee,Min Ji Kim,Junghyun Kim,Yo 대한의학회 2021 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.36 No.10

Background: Evidence continues to accumulate that the presence or absence of early trauma (ET) implies unique characteristics in the relationships between suicidal ideation and its risk factors. We examined the relationships among recent stress, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and suicidal ideation in Korean suicidal women with or without such a history. Methods: Using data on suicidal adult females, 217 victims and 134 non-victims of ET, from the Korean Cohort for the Model Predicting a Suicide and Suicide-related Behavior, we performed structural equation modeling to investigate the contribution of recent stress, depressive symptoms, and anxiety symptoms on suicidal ideation within each group according to the presence or absence of a history of ET. Results: Structural equation modeling with anxiety and depressive symptoms as potential mediators showed a good fit. Recent stress had a direct effect on both depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms in both groups. Only anxiety symptoms for victims of ET (standardized regression weight, 0.281; P = 0.005) and depressive symptoms for non-victims of ET (standardized regression weight, 0.326; P = 0.003) were full mediators that increased suicidal ideation. Thus, stress contributed to suicidal ideation by increasing the level of anxiety and depressive symptoms for victims and non-victims, respectively. Conclusion: Tailored strategies to reduce suicidal ideation should be implemented according to group type, victims or non-victims of ET. Beyond educating suicidal women in stress-management techniques, it would be effective to decrease anxiety symptoms for those with a history of ET and decrease depressive symptoms for those without such a history.