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양자교환 방식에 의한 방향성 결합기의 제작 및 특성연구
소대화,채기병,강기성,윤형도 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 1992 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.11 No.-
In this study, a directional coupler which is fabricated on X-cut LiNbO₃ substrate by using proton exchange method is described. It is found that the directional coupler waveguide varied widely with controlling diffusion process. On the other hand, the on-off state of modulator is performed by annealing process and self-aligned electrodes are used in fabricating the direction coupler. As a results, the direction coupler has good characteristics : the measured on-off switching voltage of about 2.7-3V.
Yoon, Chang-Yun,Noh, Juhwan,Jhee, Jong Hyun,Chang, Tae Ik,Kang, Ea Wha,Kee, Youn Kyung,Kim, Hyoungnae,Park, Seohyun,Yun, Hae-Ryong,Jung, Su-Young,Oh, Hyung Jung,Park, Jung Tak,Han, Seung Hyeok,Kang, S American Heart Association, Inc. 2017 Stroke Vol.48 No.9
<P>Conclusions-Our findings suggest that warfarin should be used carefully in hemodialysis patients, given the higher risk of hemorrhagic events and the lack of ability to prevent thromboembolic complications.</P>
Yoon, Hyung Jun,Park, Hyun-Woo,Park, Dong-Wha American Chemical Society 2016 ENERGY AND FUELS Vol.30 No.4
<P>The simultaneous removal of NOx and SO2 was demonstrated by an integrated O-3 oxidation/wet atomizing system. The dielectric barrier discharge with silicone rubber dielectrics was used for generating O-3 to oxidize NO and SO2. The O-3 yield and O-3 energy yield were evaluated to be 13.3 g/h and 53.7 g/kWh, respectively. NO was effectively oxidized by O-3, while SO2 was not significantly oxidized because the reaction rate of NO oxidation was much higher than that of SO2. The highest oxidation efficiencies of NO. and SO2 were 97 and 8%, respectively. NOx and SO2 were absorbed as aqueous ions with a mist of H2O2 solution supplied by an ultrasonic humidifier. The total removal efficiencies of NOx and SO2 were 88.8 and 100%, respectively. NO and SO2 were oxidized to NO2, HNO3, N2O5, and SO3 by O-3. These species were absorbed to form NO3-, HSO3-, and SO42- by reactions with the H2O2 solution.</P>
Yoon, Ung-Chan,Oh, Sun-Wha,Moon, Seong-Chul,Hyung, Tae-Gyung Korean Society of Photoscience 2002 Journal of Photosciences Vol.9 No.1
Studies have been conducted to explore photoaddition reactions of N-methylthiophthalimide with $\alpha$-silyl-n-electron donors Et$_2$NCH$_2$SiMe$_3$, n-PrSCH$_2$SiMe$_3$ and EtOCH$_2$SiMe$_3$. Photoaddition of $\alpha$-silyl amine Et$_2$NCH$_2$SiMe$_3$ to N-methylthiophthalimide occurs in $CH_3$CN and benzene to produce non-silicon containing adduct in which thiophthalimide thione carbon is bonded to $\alpha$-carbon of $\alpha$-silyl amine in place of the trimethylsilyl group. In contrast, photoaddition of EtOCH$_2$SiMe$_3$ to N-methylthiophthalimide generates two diastereomeric adducts in which thiophthalimide thione carbon is connected to $\alpha$-carbon of $\alpha$-silyl ether in place of u-hydrogen. Based on a consideration of the oxidation potentials of u-silyl-n-electron donors and the nature of photoadducts, mechanism for these photoadditions involving single electron transfer(SET) -desilylation and H atom abstraction pathways are proposed.
Yoon Young Ahn,Lee Yong-Wha,Kim Sollip,Lee Kyunghoon,Park Hyung-Doo,Chun Sail,Min Won-Ki 대한진단검사의학회 2021 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.41 No.4
Background: Total cholesterol concentration measurement is important in the diagnosis of dyslipidemia and evaluation of cardiovascular disease risk factors. Measurement reliability for obtaining an accurate total cholesterol concentration requires procedure standardization. We evaluated the standardization status for total cholesterol concentration measurement through Korean external quality assessment (EQA) data analysis. Methods: This study involved 1,670 laboratories that participated in the EQA of total cholesterol concentration measurements in 2019 for 32 products from different manufacturers. The target concentrations of three quality control (QC) materials (samples A, B, and C) were measured using the reference method and compared with EQA data. The performance criteria for total cholesterol concentration measurement were based on the National Cholesterol Education Program guidelines, with ±3% inaccuracy. Results: The target values and inaccuracies of the QC material based on the reference method measurements were 254.65±7.64, 108.30±3.25, and 256.29±7.69 mg/dL (6.59±0.20, 2.80±0.08, and 6.63±0.20 mmol/L) for samples A, B, and C, respectively. The performance criteria were not met in 42.7% laboratories for sample A, 68.4% of laboratories for sample B, and 38.0% laboratories for sample C. Conclusions: Despite significant efforts to accurately measure total cholesterol concentrations, further actions are needed for measurement standardization. Manufacturers reporting values that differ from target values should check calibrator traceability; additional efforts to accurately measure total cholesterol concentrations are required for laboratories that use products from these manufacturers.
입원중인 정신분열병 환자에서 비전형 및 전형 항정신병약물에 대한 주관적인 반응
윤보현,시영화,배승오,이은숙,이형영 대한생물치료정신의학회 2002 생물치료정신의학 Vol.8 No.2
입원중인 정신분열병 환자를 대상으로 항정신분열약물에 대한 주관적 반응과 약물에 대한 태도가 비전형 및 전형 항정신병약물에 따라 다르게 나타나는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 비전형 항정신병약물을 복용중인 31명과 전형 항정신병약물을 복용중인 42명의 정신분열병 환자를 대상으로 하였으며, 이들은 모두 급성기를 지나 안정기에 있는 환자들이었다. 이들을 대상으로 인구통계학적 자료, 임상력 및 임상상태를 비교하였으며, 항정신병약물에 대한 주관적 반응 및 약물에 대한 태도를 평가하기 위해 10문항의 자가 평가 설문지인 Drug Attitude Inventory(DAI-10)를 시행하여 양군 간에 비교하였다. 전형 항정신병약물군은 비전형 항정신병약물군에 비해 입원 치료 중에 더 많은 항콜린성 약물을 복용하고 있었으며, 추체외로계 증후군과 약물의 진정효과로 인한 불편감을 호소하였다. DAI-10에서 비전형 항정신병약물군은 전형 항정신병약물군에 비해 항정신병약물에 대한 주관적 부정적 느낌이 적었으며, 최종 점수에서 훨씬 긍정적인 약물에 대한 주관적 반응과 태도를 보였다. 본 연구의 결과로서 전형 항정신병약물은 약물로 인한 부작용의 효과로 인해 부정적 반응에 영향을 주었으며, 반면에 비전형 항정신병약물은 긍정적인 약물에 대한 반응과 태도에 영향을 주었음을 확인하였다. Objectives : Drug Attitude Inventory(DAI) was used to compare the subjective response to antipsychotics between schizophrenic inpatients receiving atypical and typical antipsychotic medications. Method : Seventy three patients meeting selection criteria and receiving atypical(N=31) and typical antipsychotics(N=42) were examined. All of them were in the stabilized stage of their illnesses. Subjective response to neurolepics was evaluated using 10-items of Drug Attitude Inventory(DAI-10). Demographic and clinical data were also analyzed between two groups. Results : Patients receiving typical antipsychotics had adjuvant medications such as anticholinergics and more complained of the neuroleptic-induced side effects. They showed more dysphoric responses to the subjective responses to neuroleptics. Patients taking atypical antipsychotics showed significantly non-dysphoric responses on the items asking the negative aspects of medications and more subjective positive responses on the final scores. Conclusion : These results suggest that atypical antipsychotics influenced on the subjective positive responses to neuroleptics and neuroleptic-induced side effect affected the subjective negative feelings and attitude to antipsychotics.
Status of Initiating Pattern of Hemodialysis: A Multi-center Study
Yoon, Hye Eun,Chung, Sungjin,Chung, Hyun Wha,Shin, Mi Jung,Lee, Sang Ju,Kim, Young Soo,Kim, Hyung Wook,Song, Ho Cheol,Yang, Chul Woo,Jin, Dong Chan,Kim, Yong Soo,Kim, Suk Young,Choi, Euy Jin,Chang, Yo The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2009 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.24 No.suppl
<P>This study was to evaluate the status of initiating pattern of hemodialysis (HD). Five hundred-three patients in 8 University Hospitals were included. Presentation mode (planned vs. unplanned), and access type (central venous catheters [CVC] vs. permanent access) at initiation of HD were evaluated, and the influence of predialysis care on determining the mode of HD and access type was also assessed. Most patients started unplanned HD (81.9%) and the most common initial access type was CVC (86.3%). The main reason for unplanned HD and high rate of CVC use was patient-related factors such as refusal of permanent access creation and failure to attend scheduled clinic appointments. Predialysis care was performed in 57.9% of patients and only 24.1% of these patients started planned HD and 18.9% used permanent accesses initially. Only a minority of patients initiated planned HD with permanent accesses in spite of predialysis care. To overcome this, efforts to improve the quality of predialysis care are needed.</P>