작품 해석과 교수법을 위한 음악적 토픽

박유미 ( Park¸ Yoomi ) 한국피아노교수법학회 2015 음악교수법연구 Vol.15 No.-

본 연구는 음악내적인 부분과 기술적 부분에만 치중하기 쉬운 음악의 해석과 교수법에 보다 표현적인 내용들을 풍부하게 하고자 시도되었다. 이를 위해 최근 들어 음악 작품의 표현적 해석을 위한 도구로서의 음악적 토픽 이론을 탐구하고자 한다. 래트너의 80년대 저작에서부터 나타나기 시작하여 그 후배들에 의해 더욱 발전된 토픽들은 음악 외적 의미 탐구를 위한 주된 원천으로 간주되었다. 그들에 의해 18세기-19세기의 음악 토픽들이 탐색되었고 최근의 새로운 경향인 내러티브적 분석에 있어 상징으로서의 의미를 제공해주고 있다. 토픽은 음악 역사 동안 관습적으로 통용되어온 음악 어휘라 할 수 있으므로 그에 대한 지식은 오늘날 음악을 공부하는 이들에게 유용할 수 있다. 이러한 접근의 결과를 통해 음악 렛슨에 보다 생생한 상상의 공간을 제시함으로써 음악에 대해 숙고하는 기회를 제공할 수 있으리라 본다. The purpose of this study is to provide the sources of the expressive way of interpretation and pedadogy. For this goal, the theory of musical topic is explored. Musical topic has emerged in recent decades as a powerful tool for the analysis of musical expression within tonal repertories. Largely originating in Leonard Ratner’s treatise Classic Music from 1980, it has since been considerably developed and extended by his successors. They find it a major resource for the investigation of extra-musical referentiality and meaning. Ratner provided a succinct lexicon of common eighteenth-century topics, and while various authors have added nineteenth century topics to his list. The use of topical analysis can help us discern much in a musical work with live imagination and provides also a kind of ‘plaisir’ of explore musical conventions in music history. As a result of this research, It is argued that topics can be used as a medium for instructing the students who have limited imaginations within musical space.

Lymphovascular Space Invasion (LVI) is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Solid Type of Lung Adenocarcinoma in a Machine Learning Analysis

( Yoomi Yeo ),( Joon Young Hur ),( Tai Sun Park ),( Dong Won Park ),( Kyueng-whan Min ),( Ji-yong Moon ),( Tae-hyung Kim ),( Chang-min Choi ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2023 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.136 No.0

Coexisting Respiratory Comorbidities and Mortality Risk in Patients with Asthma: A National Cohort Study

( Yoomi Yeo ),( Ji-yong Moon ),( Hyun Lee ),( Jiin Ryu ),( Sung Jun Chung ),( Tai Sun Park ),( Dong Won Park ),( Sang-Heon Kim ),( Tae Hyung Kim ),( Jang Won Sohn ),( Ho Joo Yoon ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2020 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.128 No.-

Background Asthma patients often have coexisting pulmonary comorbidities that are associated with severe presentation, poor quality of life, and more health care resource use. However, except for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the impact of coexisting pulmonary comorbidities on mortality in patients with asthma has not been comprehensively evaluated using nationally representative data. Methods Using a nationally representative sample database, we performed a retrospective cohort study of patients with asthma and age- and sex-matched cohort. We estimated hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for mortality comparing the asthma cohort with the matched cohort. Results During a median of 8.9 follow-up duration, the overall mortality rate was higher in the asthma cohort than in the matched cohort (1,312/100,000 person-years vs. 1,174/100,000 person-years, p <0.001). The HR for mortality in the asthma cohort relative to the matched cohort asthma was 1.13 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-1.19), which was especially higher in males (HR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.13-1.31) and patients under 60 years (HR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.10-1.42). Comorbid respiratory diseases further increased mortality of patients in the asthma cohort compared to those in the matched cohort (adjusted HR = 2.94, 95% CI = 2.75-3.14 for COPD; adjusted HR = 2.50, 95% CI = 2.07-3.02; adjusted HR = 7.30, 95% CI = 4.60-11.58 for lung cancer; and adjusted HR = 1.92, 95% CI = 1.75-2.09 for pneumonia). Conclusions Patients with asthma had a higher mortality rate compared to those without asthma, especially in males and those under 60 years. Coexisting pulmonary comorbidities, including COPD, bronchiectasis, lung cancer, and pneumonia, primarily explained the higher mortality in patients with asthma compared to those without asthma.

Risk factors of reintubation in patients receiving post-extubation nasal high flow therapy

( Yoomi Yeo ),( Tai Sun Park ),( Min Ju Jo ),( Ji-yong Moon ),( Tae-hyung Kim ),( Sung Jun Chung ),( Hyun Lee ),( Dong Won Park ),( Sang Heon Kim ),( Jang Won Sohn ),( Ho Joo Yoon ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2019 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.127 No.-

Background: Use of nasal high-low therapy (NHF) after extubation was known to lower reintubation rate. However, there are still patients undergoing reintubation despite of post-extubation NHF therapy. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk factors of reintubation in patients receiving post-extubation NHF therapy. Methods: From January 2018 to June 2019, patients who underwent mechanical ventilation and NHF after extubation at Hanyang University Guri Hospital were analyzed retrospectively. All patients received adequate sedation and planned extubation was performed after passing spontaneous awakening test and spontaneous breathing test (SBT). Reintubation was performed in cases of followings: hemodynamic instability, a deterioration of neurologic status, or signs of persisting or worsening respiratory failure. Results: Of 20 patients, 6 (30%) were underwent reintubation. Patients who received reintubation had lower BMI (20.1 ± 3.4 vs. 23.4 ± 2.6, p = 0.03) compared to those who did not. There were no significant differences in age, sex, comorbidities, APACHE II score at ICU admission and day of extubation, duration of SBT, and PaO2/FiO2 ratio just before extubation. The kinds of sedatives used during mechanical respiration, the use of neuromuscular blockers, and the use of steroids prior to extubation also did not differ. However, low BMI did not show statistical significance in predicting reintubation risk in multivariate analysis (OR = 0.655, p = 0.059). Conclusion: The frequency of reintubation may be high in patients with low BMI in patients receiving NHF therapy after extubation.

음악교수법연구 : 쇼팽 발라드 No. 4, Op. 52의 구조적 내러티브

박유미 ( Yoomi Park ) 한국피아노교수법학회 2015 음악교수법연구 Vol.16 No.-

쇼팽의 발라드 4번 Op. 52는 전통적인 구조 분석의 관점으로는 설명하기 힘든 독특한 구조를 가졌다. 이는 이 작품이 지닌 내러티브적 성격 때문이다. 본 글에서는 이 곡을 새로운 관점에서 읽을 수 있는 몇 가지 측면을 고려하고 이 작품이 가지는 입체적인 구조를 살피고자 한다. 이 곡이 전통적 형식 구조로 해명하기 힘든 것은 이 곡이 구조물로서 작용한다기 보다 점진적인 “되어감”에 의해 발전되는 유기체적 양상을 띄기 때문이다. 그리고 전체적인 무게의 중심이 최종 결말의 지점에 놓여 있고 이러한 점에 작품의 전체적 조성구조가 큰 몫을 하고 있어 이야기에 있어 절정의 강한 효과를 노리는 전략으로 보여진다. 또한 곡을 단숨에 몰고 가는 대신 ‘우회’의 방식을 사용하여 감정 누적을 유도하는 것 역시 효과적인 내러티브를 위한 쇼팽의 놀라운 감각이 발휘되고 있는 것으로 보인다. 쇼팽의 이러한 여러 단서들을 추적하고 해석해 봄으로써 이작품이 지니는 입체적인 구성을 이해하고자 한다. The formal structure of the 4th Ballade of Chopin is very complex and ambiguous. It is a combination of sonata and variation form, But we cannot grasp every aspect of this piece even with these two different forms, which is a motivation for further research. In this paper, I suggest a different approach to understand this work, so called ‘organic’ profile in this movement. Organic prospect is widely applied for the interpretation of nineteenth century music, which I think fits very well to Chopin’s work. This paper will investigate the organic features in this Chopin``s work. Another characteristics of this piece is that it has prominent narrative aspects in terms of the overall tonal plan, textural appearance, and the expressive cues as the ‘apotheosis’ or the topics. The three dimensional aspects of this piece makes it stereoscopic. This way of understanding the Chopin``s piece will provide both the students and performers with some intuitions for their interpretation of this piece.

21세기의 인상주의: 트리스탕 뮈라이(Tristan Murail)의 피아노 음악

박유미 ( Yoomi Park ) 서울대학교 음악대학 2023 음악이론연구 Vol.41 No.-

트리스탕 뮈라이(Tristan Murail)는 프랑스 스펙트럴 음악(Musique Spectrale)의 선구자이다. 스펙트럴 음악은 ‘소리’ 자체의 본질에 집중하여 작곡 재료의 기초를 음향의 배음 구조상에서 얻어내는 음악이다. 전자 음향과 어쿠스틱 악기의 앙상블, 그리고 배음들의 특정한 조합으로 만들어지는 새로운 색채의 음악에 몰두하였던 작곡가 뮈라이에게서 최근 들어 흥미로운 양상이 관찰된다. 마치 과거인상주의 작곡가들처럼 피아노라는 악기로 회귀하는 것이다. 과연 뮈라이는 피아노의 어떤 면에 자극을 받아 오랫동안 등한시했던 매체에 새로운 도전을 하게 되었을까 하는 의문을 토대로 뮈라이의 작곡 경향의 진화를 피아노 작품을 통해 들여다보고자 하였다. 테크놀로지 기술로 얻어진 창의적 영감은 초기 피아노 작품 <망각의 대지>에서 잘 나타난다. 피아노라는 악기 고유의 배음 공명을 활용한 다양한 기법들이 선보이고 이는 시간 속에서 프로세스적 진행을 만들어낸다. 피아노는 기존의 피아노 작품들과는 유사성이 없이, 일종의 공명통으로 새로운 역할을 보인다. 하지만 이미 이때부터 뮈라이의 창작에 있어 제1의 원리는 ‘소리 이미지’의 창출에 있음이 드러난다. 뮈라이가 배음 원리를 탐구하는 궁극적 목적은 결국 새로운 청각적 이미지를 만들어내는 가장 객관적이고도 자연에 가까운 방법을 찾는 데에 있는 것이다. 그에게 있어 테크놀로지는 도구일 뿐이며 그가 추구하는 음악적 미학은 사실상 시적 이미지의 완성에 있다. 그러한 면에서 뮈라이는 20세기 초 프랑스의 인상주의 음악가 그리고 상징주의 시인들과 혈통을 같이 한다. 본 논문에서는 스펙트럴 음악가라는 제한적 분류에서 벗어나 프랑스의 인상주의 계보를 잇는 21세기 작곡가로서의 뮈라이를 재조명하고자 하였다. Tristan Murail is the main contributer of the Spectral music. His music explores the acoustical properties and focuses on manipulating the spectral features which defines the timbral representation of sound. While continuing this trend, in the recent years, Murail turns to the piano as the 20th century impressionist composers. It is quite unexpectful because he has manifested the difficulty confronted with this instrument which has the percussive and non-sustained sound. Nevertheless, He is publishing piano works every year in these days. I examine what inspires this new challenge and trace the evolution of Murail’s compositional tendency in the piano music. First of all, I focus on the creative basis generated by technology and the knowledge of the spectral aspects in his early work < Territoire d’Oubli >. After that I will show the consequent development to reengage with the musical tradition in which the poetic aspiration and the symbolistic character incorporate. By this examination I will show that Murail’s piano works can be called the new impressionist music with the colours of the freshly founded spectral harmony.

Supreme-K 슈퍼컴퓨터 시스템 개발

박유미(Yoomi Park),한우종(Woojong Han) 대한전자공학회 2022 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.6

베토벤 피아노 소나타 Op.81a 《고별》의 정치사회적 배경과 그 의미

박유미 ( Park Yoomi ) 이화여자대학교 음악연구소 2020 이화음악논집 Vol.24 No.3

베토벤(Ludwig van Beethoven, 1770-1827)의 《고별》 소나타는 1809년에 쓰인 중요한 피아노 작품이다. 이 곡은 특정한 제목과 헌정사로 인해 베토벤의 주요 후원자 중 한 명인 루돌프 대공의 빈에서의 부재를 그리워하는 작곡가의 심정을 나타낸 곡으로 널리 알려져 왔다. 그런데 최근의 스케치 연구를 통한 상세한 시간표 재추적에 의하면 작곡 당시 베토벤으로서는 루돌프 대공의 출발을 염두에 둔 ‘고별’이 될 수는 없었음이 나타난다. 그보다는 전장으로 떠나는 병사들의 고별을 암시하고 있음이 더 타당한 해석으로 보인다는 것이다. 당시 베토벤은 수도 빈을 휩쓴 애국주의 열풍에 들어있었고 ‘고별’과 같은 페이지의 스케치들에 이러한 전쟁 관련 악보들이 들어있다는 것이다. 음악학자 버슈타인은 이러한 연구를 바탕으로 새로운 ‘고별’의 창작 시간표를 제시함으로서 기존에 통용되던 전기적 사실에 수정을 가한다. 본 논문은 그의 연구를 정리함으로써 1809년의 베토벤의 창작 배경이 되는 사회상을 소개해보고자 하였다. 한편 1809년은 베토벤에게 있어 중요한 분기점이 되는 해인데 이때부터 그의 후기 음악의 특징이 되는 여러 사항들이 발견되기 시작하기 때문이다. 럼프는 이 해에 나타나기 시작한 후기 음악의 특징으로 역사주의, 과거 양식, 서정성과 직접 쓰여진 카덴차를 들고 있고 본 글에서는 그것을 요약하였다. 이를 통해 작곡가의 창작 미학에 있어 작곡가 삶의 특정 시기의 역사적 사건들 그리고 정치적 상황들이 미치는 영향을 숙고해 보고자 하는데 논문의 목적을 두었다. Beethoven’s Piano Sonata Op. 81a, “Das Lebewohl,” (“The Farewell”) is a composition that is highly appreciated by pianists. Given its title and dedication note, it is considered to demonstrate the emotional friendship between Beethoven and his imperial highness, the Archduke Rudolph. This piece was composed in 1809 and is assumed to have been started soon after the departure of the Archduke. However, a recent sketch study around these very dates led to the somewhat different discovery that the composition began before the Archduke’s departure or evacuation, during wartime, when the patriotic movement was dominating the city. Burstein has demonstrated that this piece was conceived based on this movement and that the farewell motif mainly corresponded to the reality of soldiers heading to war. Apart from this new story, 1809 marked a crucial year for the composer, as Beethoven began to develop a serious interest in musical history and intensive study of counterpoint at that time. His return to the past seems motivated by the war and the troublesome events of that year. Moreover, his music took on a lyrical or intimate mood, compared to his ‘heroic’ style. It also had a certain resonance with the social background. To understand this specific work, a comprehensive understanding of the composer’s surroundings, or sociopolitical background, is recommended.

The Korean Society of Gastroenterology & SIDDS 2032 : Slide Session ; S-LG-05 : Lower GI Tract ; Clinical Predictors at Diagnosis for Disabling Crohn`s Disease in Korea : Results from the Connect Study

( Jae Jun Park ),( Yoomi Park ),( You Sun Kim ),( Joo Sung Kim ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

Background: Identifi cation of Crohn`s disease (CD) at high risk of disabling disease would be invaluable guidance for clinicians in making initial therapeutic strategy. The aim of this study was to identify at diagnosis factors predictive for subsequent 5-year disabling course and to validate previously proposed clinical predictors in Korea patients with CD. Methods: Among the 1,382 CD patients who comprise the retrospective cohort from 32 hospitals in Korea, we excluded patients underwent abdominal surgery within 1 month after diagnosis, received immunosuppressant or biologics therapy within 6 months of diagnosis, and those with limited follow-up duration. A total of 843 patients with a follow-up of longer than 5 years were enrolled. The defi nition of disabling CD, which was modifi ed from ¹Saint-Antoine defi nition, included at least one of the following criteria: further hospitalization for fi are-up or complications, need for immunosuppressant or biologics, intestinal resection or perianal surgery. Results: The rate of disabling CD during subsequent 5-years after diagnosis was 89.4%. An age below 40 years (Odd ratio [OR]:5.3, 95% confi dence interval [CI]:3.232- 8.751), the initial requirement for corticosteroids use (OR:2.3, 95% CI:1.116-4.797), and jejunal involvement (OR: 2.4, 95% CI:1.113-5.169) were independently associated with disabling CD. Meanwhile, presence of perianal disease, which was signifi cant predictor in previous study, was not related with disabling CD. Based on those three predictors, the positive predictive value of the risk factors for disabling disease was 0.62 (zero risk factor), 0.90 (one risk factor), 0.96 (two risk factors), and 1.00 (three risk factors). Conclusions: Predictors for subsequent 5-year disabling course are an age below 40 years, the initial requirement for corticosteroids, and jejunal involvement in Korean patients with CD. Further prospective validation of these parameters is warranted. ¹Beaugerie et al, Gastroenterololgy, 2006; 130: 650-656

Clinical features and survival in lung cancer patients with rheumatoid arthritis

( Dong Won Park ),( Jiin Choi ),( Kyung-il Han ),( Min Ju Jo ),( Sung Jun Chung ),( Yoomi Yeo ),( Tai Sun Park ),( Hyun Lee ),( Ji-yong Moon ),( Sang-heon Kim ),( Tae- Hyung Kim ),( Ho Joo Yoon ),( Ja 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2019 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.127 No.-

Background: There is a significant association between the incidence of lung cancer (LC) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: A total of 53 LC patients with RA who were admitted to Hanyang University Seoul and Guri Hospital, South Korea, between 2005 Aug to 2019 Mar were included in the study. As smoking is a shared risk for both LC and RA, we compared the clinicopathologic characteristics of LC with RA according to smoking status, aiming to explore the role of smoking in RA-associated LC. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to estimate hazard ratios and determine risk factors for predicting mortality. Results: Of the enrolled patients, 45.3% were female and more than half (60.4%) were active or former smokers. RA-interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD) was observed in 19 patients (35.8%) with RA, including eight with usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) and 11 with non-specific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP). Overall, smoking patients were mainly men (87.5%) and had a higher Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) compared to non-smoking patients. The predominant histologic lung cancer subtype was squamous cell carcinoma (50.0%) in smoking patients, however, a larger proportion of adenocarcinoma (76.2%) was noted in non-smoking patients (P < 0.0001). More smoking patients had RA-ILD (46.9%) than non-smoking patients (19.1%, P = 0.039). In the multivariable analysis, an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance score (PS) of ≥ 2 (HR: 4.51, P = 0.0113) and a diagnosis of stage IV cancer (HR: 9.33, P < 0.0001) demonstrated significant associations with mortality. However, RA-ILD and smoking history did not show an independent association with poor outcome. Conclusions: Among LC patients with RA, smoking was significantly associated with males, a higher CCI, and a higher prevalence of RA-ILD. We also demonstrated that an ECOG PS ≥ 2 and diagnosis of stage IV were significant risk factors for predicting mortality.