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Similarity in Neuronal Firing Regimes across Mammalian Species
Mochizuki, Yasuhiro,Onaga, Tomokatsu,Shimazaki, Hideaki,Shimokawa, Takeaki,Tsubo, Yasuhiro,Kimura, Rie,Saiki, Akiko,Sakai, Yutaka,Isomura, Yoshikazu,Fujisawa, Shigeyoshi,Shibata, Ken-ichi,Hirai, Daich Society for Neuroscience 2016 The Journal of neuroscience Vol.36 No.21
<P>The architectonic subdivisions of the brain are believed to be functional modules, each processing parts of global functions. Previously, we showed that neurons in different regions operate in different firing regimes in monkeys. It is possible that firing regimes reflect differences in underlying information processing, and consequently the firing regimes in homologous regions across animal species might be similar. We analyzed neuronal spike trains recorded from behaving mice, rats, cats, and monkeys. The firing regularity differed systematically, with differences across regions in one species being greater than the differences in similar areas across species. Neuronal firing was consistently most regular in motor areas, nearly random in visual and prefrontal/medial prefrontal cortical areas, and bursting in the hippocampus in all animals examined. This suggests that firing regularity (or irregularity) plays a key role in neural computation in each functional subdivision, depending on the types of information being carried.</P>
Evaluation of subsurface thermal environmental change caused by a ground-coupled heat pump system
Yasuhiro Fujimitsu,Koichiro Fukuoka,Sachio Ehara,Hiroto Takeshita,Fuminori Abe 한국물리학회 2010 Current Applied Physics Vol.10 No.2
The authors have been conducting demonstration and performance assessment of the ground-coupled heat pump (GCHP) system optimized for the air conditioning system of an experimental house in the artificial island in Fukuoka City, Japan, since 2005 to evaluate the subsurface thermal environmental changes caused by heat exchange with the ground. The authors monitored the underground temperature and groundwater level in some observation wells around the heat exchanging well, and performed numerical simulation of the underground temperature change with a groundwater simulator ‘‘FEFLOW”. The simulation result for a 20-year operation by using the numerical model, which had replicated the measured heat exchange rate during the 40-day heating operation from 15 December 2006, predicted that the cumulative increase or decrease of subsurface temperature will not be seen. Therefore, it is thought that there is little impact to the subsurface thermal environment around this GCHP system.
How Labor Shortage Affects the Level of Hospitality -In Case of the Japanese Tourism Industry -
( Yasuhiro Watanabe ) 세계문화관광학회 2018 International Journal of Culture and tourism Resea Vol.11 No.1
Tourism is a labour-intensive industry. The mechanism and the quality of tourism are maintained by labour force. Therefore, changes in the labour force may influence the tourism business. In a country like Japan, where quality of customer service is a main part of its tourism attractions, such change could be crucial. This study investigated the correlation of the level of customer service in Japan, and the volume of labour force. It was revealed that, during the period of rapid increase of inbound visitors to Japan, the customer satisfaction index fell, when the unemployment rate decreased,
Yasuhiro Tanaka,Kenji Yonemitsu 한국물리학회 2013 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.62 No.12
The current-voltage characteristics and mechanism of bias-induced breakdown in one-dimensional models for band and Mott insulators are investigated theoretically by using nonequilibrium Green’s functions. We attach the models to metallic electrodes, the effects of which are incorporated into the self-energy. For the models of both the band and the Mott insulators with lengths LC, the bias voltage induces a breakdown of the insulating state, and the breakdown mechanism shows a crossover depending on LC. When LC is smaller than the correlation length ξ = W/Δ, the threshold is determined basically by the bias Vth ~ Δ, where W and Δ are the bandwidth and the energy gap, respectively. For systems with LC ξ, the threshold is governed by the electric field, Vth/LC, which is consistent with a Landau-Zener-type breakdown Vth/LC / Δ2/W.
Biomechanical Analysis of a Pedicle Screw-Rod System with a Novel Cross-Link Configuration
Yasuhiro Nakajima,Masahito Hara,Daisuke Umebayashi,Shoichi Haimoto,Yu Yamamoto,Yusuke Nishimura,Toshihiko Wakabayashi 대한척추외과학회 2016 Asian Spine Journal Vol.10 No.6
Study Design: The strength effects of a pedicle screw-rod system supplemented with a novel cross-link configuration were biomechanically evaluated in porcine spines. Purpose: To assess the biomechanical differences between a conventional cross-link pedicle screw-rod system versus a novel crosslink instrumentation, and to determine the effect of the cross-links. Overview of Literature: Transverse cross-link systems affect torsional rigidity, but are thought to have little impact on the sagittal motion of spinal constructs. We tested the strength effects in pullout and flexion-compression tests of novel cross-link pedicle screw constructs using porcine thoracic and lumbar vertebrae. Methods: Five matched thoracic and lumbar vertebral segments from 15 porcine spines were instrumented with 5.0-mm pedicle screws, which were then connected with 6.0-mm rods after partial corpectomy in the middle vertebral body. The forces required for construct failure in pullout and flexion-compression tests were examined in a randomized manner for three different cross-link configurations: un-cross-link control, conventional cross-link, and cross-link passing through the base of the spinous process. Statistical comparisons of strength data were analyzed using Student’s t -tests. Results: The spinous process group required a significantly greater pullout force for construct failure than the control group (p =0.036). No difference was found between the control and cross-link groups, or the cross-link and spinous process groups in pullout testing. In flexion-compression testing, the spinous processes group required significantly greater forces for construct failure than the control and cross-link groups (p <0.001 and p =0.003, respectively). However, there was no difference between the control and cross-link groups. Conclusions: A novel cross-link configuration that features cross-link devices passing through the base of the spinous processes increased the mechanical resistance in pullout and flexion-compression testing compared to un-cross-link constructs. This configuration provided more resistance to middle-column damage under flexion-compression testing than conventional cross-link configuration.
Biometric Identity Verification Using Intra-Body Propagation Signal
Yasuhiro YORIKANE,Yuji NISHIO,Isao NAKANISHI,Yoshio ITOH,Yutaka FUKUI 대한전자공학회 2007 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2007 No.7
We propose to utilize an electromagnetic wave through a human body as biometrics. The electromagnetic wave (intra-body propagation signal) is generated at a relatively shallow depth in the human body through a pair of electrodes pasted on the human skin. The transfer characteristic of the intra-body propagation signal in each individual human being is different from those of others because human tissue characteristics vary widely. By using such a difference, it is expected to authenticate personal identification. In addition, liveness detection can be realized using the intra-body propagation signal. It is effective on preventing the disguise using artificial bodies. In this paper, we examined the individual feature in the intra-body propagation signal based on the spectrum analysis. We obtained a verification rate of 58% using the similarity in power spectrum especially in the 30-60 ㎒ sub-band.
A 4-bit Multiplier Using a Two Phase Drive Adiabatic Dynamic CMOS Logic
Yasuhiro Takahashi,Toshikazu Sekine,Michio Yokoyama 대한전자공학회 2007 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2007 No.7
This paper describe the design and VLSI implementation of a multiplier using an adiabatic logic which is called a two phase drive adiabatic dynamic CMOS logic (2PADCL) circuit. Circuit operation and performance has been evaluated using a 4×4-bit 2PADCL multiplier fabricated in a 1.2 ㎛ CMOS process. The experimental results show that the multiplier was operated with clock frequencies 800㎑. The total power dissipation of the 4×4-bit 2PADCL multiplier was also 5.19 ㎽ at the 1.5 VDC power supply voltage.