Correlation Between Fiber Orientation and Geometrical Shrinkage of Injected Parts Under the Influence of Flow-Fiber Coupling Effect

Chao-Tsai Huang,Jun-Zheng Wang,Cheng-Hong Lai,Sheng-Jye Hwang,Po-Wei Huang,Hsin-Shu Peng 한국정밀공학회 2023 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.10 No.4

Fiber reinforced thermoplastics (FRP) have been widely used in automotive industry. However, how does the flow-fiber coupling effect influence the micro fiber orientation and further affect the geometrical shrinkage of the final part that is not fully understood yet. In this study, a complex center-gated plate has been applied to study the influence of the flow-fiber coupling effect on the fiber orientation variation and the geometrical change through numerical simulation. Then the practical verification through the micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and image processing technology was carried out. Results show that in the presence of the flow-fiber coupling the required spruce pressure will be higher compared to no coupling case. In addition, the melt flow front pattern will be changed from “convex-flat” to “convex-concave” under the influence of this coupling. Moreover, in the presence of the flow-fiber coupling effect, the wider core width for fiber orientation tensor in the flow direction (A11) can be obtained from upstream to downstream regions for the same model. However, in the downstream region (i.e. in the FR), the flow-fiber coupling effect is more significantly due to the action of less shear rate in that region. Finally, through the measurement of the left–right asymmetrical shape of the FR for Model I (or Model II), the reason is that the flow-fiber coupling effect will switch the fiber orientation from the flow direction (A11) dominate to the cross-flow direction (A22) dominate. This asymmetrical fiber orientation distribution will further create that asymmetrical shrinkage shape of final part. The correlation between fiber orientation and geometrical shrinkage can be achieved.

Intra-Arterial Treatment in Patients with Acute Massive Gastrointestinal Bleeding after Endoscopic Failure: Comparisons between Positive versus Negative Contrast Extravasation Groups

Wei-Chou Chang,Chang-Hsien Liu,Hsian-He Hsu,Guo-Shu Huang,Ho-Jui Tung,Tsai-Yuan Hsieh,Shih-Hung Tsai,Chung-Bao Hsieh,Chih-Yung Yu 대한영상의학회 2011 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.12 No.5

Objective: To determine whether treatment outcome is associated with visualization of contrast extravasation in patients with acute massive gastrointestinal bleeding after endoscopic failure. Materials and Methods: From January 2007 to December 2009, patients that experienced a first attack of acute gastrointestinal bleeding after failure of initial endoscopy were referred to our interventional department for intra-arterial treatment. We enrolled 79 patients and divided them into two groups: positive and negative extravasation. For positive extravasation, patients were treated by coil embolization; and in negative extravasation, patients were treated with intra-arterial vasopressin infusion. The two groups were compared for clinical parameters, hemodynamics, laboratory findings, endoscopic characteristics, and mortality rates. Results: Forty-eight patients had detectable contrast extravasation (positive extravasation), while 31 patients did not (negative extravasation). Fifty-six patients survived from this bleeding episode (overall clinical success rate, 71%). An elevation of hemoglobin level was observed in the both two groups; significantly greater in the positive extravasation group compared to the negative extravasation group. Although these patients were all at high risk of dying, the 90-day mortality rate was significantly lower in the positive extravasation than in the negative extravasation (20% versus 42%, p < 0.05). A multivariate analysis suggested that successful hemostasis (odds ratio [OR] = 28.66) is the most important predictor affecting the mortality in the two groups of patients. Conclusion: Visualization of contrast extravasation on angiography usually can target the bleeding artery directly, resulting in a higher success rate to control of hemorrhage. Objective: To determine whether treatment outcome is associated with visualization of contrast extravasation in patients with acute massive gastrointestinal bleeding after endoscopic failure. Materials and Methods: From January 2007 to December 2009, patients that experienced a first attack of acute gastrointestinal bleeding after failure of initial endoscopy were referred to our interventional department for intra-arterial treatment. We enrolled 79 patients and divided them into two groups: positive and negative extravasation. For positive extravasation, patients were treated by coil embolization; and in negative extravasation, patients were treated with intra-arterial vasopressin infusion. The two groups were compared for clinical parameters, hemodynamics, laboratory findings, endoscopic characteristics, and mortality rates. Results: Forty-eight patients had detectable contrast extravasation (positive extravasation), while 31 patients did not (negative extravasation). Fifty-six patients survived from this bleeding episode (overall clinical success rate, 71%). An elevation of hemoglobin level was observed in the both two groups; significantly greater in the positive extravasation group compared to the negative extravasation group. Although these patients were all at high risk of dying, the 90-day mortality rate was significantly lower in the positive extravasation than in the negative extravasation (20% versus 42%, p < 0.05). A multivariate analysis suggested that successful hemostasis (odds ratio [OR] = 28.66) is the most important predictor affecting the mortality in the two groups of patients. Conclusion: Visualization of contrast extravasation on angiography usually can target the bleeding artery directly, resulting in a higher success rate to control of hemorrhage.

Feasibility of using Machine to Learn & Analyze Brainwave Signal for Establishing Emotional System

( Wei-tsang Huang ),( Xiang-guan Deng ),( Chun-yu Tsai ),( Chyung Ay ) 한국농업기계학회 2018 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.23 No.1

「Emotion」 is a kind of psychological experience with delight, anger, sorrow, happiness and fear. This kind of experience is a reflection of ordinary people toward the attitude of objective matters. However, it is not an easy thing to see the emotion of inner heart from the appearance and change in eye or different kind of limb expression. This study is to concretize and digitize the various emotional changes of abstract conception through the brainwave analysis, and become a real-time emotional scale. As classified form the analysis and measured data, it is used as the reference standard for assessing emotion. The experiment is implemented by selecting three (3) different emotional categories of films respectively, including three (3) emotions i.e. scared, happy and inspiring emotions and editing as the visual samples, and let the subjects wearing the electroencephalograph (EEG) instrument of Emotiv EPOC with 14 channels on their heads, and use the Python program for writing to perform the measurement together with the EGG measuring system, after transforming the measured brainwave through the fast Fourier, record the energy change of each band, access the experiment data, find out the change of each band at the regular mood swings, derive the emotional conversion formula for quantification, classify the size of emotional changes, and then make the real-time scale of emotion to show the results. In addition, when the different machine learns and analyzes the test samples, it is found when analyze the T7 channel of brainwave detecting point, the success rate of highest test sample is approximately 58%, the success rate of other channels is over 50%, the more suitable operation mode will be found out in the future, and allow the emotional recognition technology can be used in the life.

Clinical Features of Patients with Esophageal and Second Primary Cancers

Tsai, Huang-Wen,Chang, Chih-Chun,Sun, Jen-Tang,Liou, Ching-Biau,Lin, Hsiu-Chen,Lin, I-Hsin,Yu, Yun-Chieh,Weng, Wei-Ling,Leong, Ka-I,Yen, Tzung-Hai,Wu, Jiann-Ming Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.22

Background: The prevalence of esophageal cancer (EC) with second primary cancers (SPC) is increasing worldwide. This study was aimed to understand the clinical features of EC patients with SPC in the Taiwanese population. Materials and Methods: Clinical and laboratory data for 180 EC patients with or without SPC were collected between January 2009 and December 2013. Information on treatment approaches, location of SPCs and ABO blood type were also collected and stratified. Results: The most common SPC in EC patients was hypopharyngeal cancer, followed by laryngeal cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma in our study. Malignancies of colon, prostate and lung were also found. There was a significant higher portion of blood type A in the EC patients with SPC compared with those without (42.4% vs 19.5%, P=0.006). Conclusions: The frequency and SPC site distribution and blood type A should be considered in clinical evaluation of EC patients with a high risk of developing SPC in the Taiwanese population.

중국어 내부ㆍ외부경동사의 분포와 의미 해석

( Wei-tien Dylan Tsai ),김종호(역) ( Kim Jongho ),강희명(역) ( Kang Huimyong ),( Huang Hounan ) 한국외국어대학교 중국연구소 2020 中國硏究 Vol.84 No.-

This paper distinguishes two types of Chinese light verbs from the vantage point of the cartographic approach: Outer light verbs mainly involve causality on the eventuality level, whereas inner light verbs are related to comitativity on the activity level. This distinction has a deep conceptual connection to the inner-outer dichotomy between reflexive and wh-adverbials, which in turn is taken to reflect the so-called “the height of interpretation”. The next step is to test our theory on empirical grounds by stringing inner and outer light verbs together in one sentence, and by investigating the intriguing relationship among causative, comitative, passive and affective construals. This move enables us to establish an explicit topography from the lexical layer to the left periphery of Chinese sentential structure. What we find in this study not only demonstrates the unique typological features of Chinese, but also provides excellent materials for a hierarchical analysis of grammaticalization within the framework of generative grammar. Keywords

Geometry Optimization of a Metallic Flexor for Flat Wipers

Huang Ting Chuan,Tsai Jian Wei,Liao Kuo Chi 한국자동차공학회 2021 International journal of automotive technology Vol.22 No.3

In recent years, flat wipers are gradually adopted in the industry of transportation due to the rather simple structure than the standard wiper. A procedure is developed to evaluate the appropriateness of the geometry of a metallic flexor, one of major components of the flat wiper, in this study. The flexor is compressed against a level surface and the corresponding pressure distribution under the flexor is measured by using piezoelectric sensors. Several geometry parameters built in a three-dimensional flexor model are investigated to appraise their influences on the corresponding pressure distribution. A process automation software linked to a computer-aided drawing and a finite element analysis commercial packages are utilized, based on the self-defined performance index, to pursue parameter arrangements proper for the pressure distribution. The present procedures are next applied to a curved windshield glass to evaluate optimized flexor geometries at various locations. Appropriate flexors for the windshield glass are then determined and practically sampled. Dynamic wiping simulations of the integrated flat wiper on the windshield glass are furthermore carried out and the pressure distributions over the sweep range are estimated. Wiping capabilities of the wiper are experimentally observed and compared with the associated numerical results.

Application of Data Quality Indicator of Carbon Footprint and Water Footprint

Tsai Chi Kuo,Miao-Ling Huang,Chia Wei Hsu,Chiuhsiang Joe Lin,Chih-Chun Hsieh,Chih-Hsing Chu 한국정밀공학회 2015 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.2 No.1

To mitigate the impact of global warming on the environment, many governments, non-profit organizations, and enterprises have formulated relevant standards to assist enterprises in promoting carbon management, and to encourage the design and popularization of low-carbon products. These standards include: PAS 2050, ISO/TS 14067 and so on. Under these initiatives, enterprises try to disclose the carbon and water footprints of the products based on the life cycle. Some enterprises argue and debate that there exists uncertainty of the footprints calculation since the data collection is not systematically. To solve this problem, in this research, the calculation of carbon footprint and water footprint are evaluated with the data quality indicator (DQI) management system. The collected data is evaluated based on the footprint calculation methods. Also the pedigree matrix is constructed as an aide to solve the data uncertainty that included reliability, completeness, times, geography, and technologies differences. Through the DQI, the carbon footprint and water footprint are not only calculated simultaneously, but also correctly. The results could be the reference for products’ environmental improvement.

Can Elderly Patients with Severe Mitral Regurgitation Benefit from Trans-catheter Mitral Valve Repair?

Ching-Wei Lee,Shih-Hsien Sung,Wei-Ming Huang,Yi-Lin Tsai,Hsiang-Yao Chen,Chiao-Po Hsu,Chun-Che Shih,Kuo-Piao Chung 대한심장학회 2019 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.49 No.6

Background and ObjectivesAge is a traditional risk factor for open-heart surgery. The efficacy and safety of transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair, using MitraClip (Abbott Vascular), has been demonstrated in patients with severe mitral regurgitation (MR). Since octogenarians or older patients are usually deferred to receive open-heart surgery, the main interest of this study is to elucidate the procedural safety and long-term clinical impact of MitraClip in elderly patients. MethodsPatients with symptomatic severe MR were evaluated by the heart team. For those with high or prohibitive surgical risks, transcatheter mitral valve repair was performed in hybrid operation room. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), blood tests, and six-minute walk test (6MWT) were performed before, 1-month, 6-months, and 1 year after index procedure. ResultsA total of 46 consecutive patients receiving MitraClip procedure were enrolled. Nineteen patients (84.2±4.0 years) were over 80-year-old and 27 (73.4±11.1 years) were younger than 80. Compare to baseline, the significant reduction in MR severity was achieved after the procedure and sustained. All the patients benefited from significant improvement in New York Heart Association functional class. The 6-minute walk test (6MWT) increased from 259±114 to 319±92 meters (p=0.03) at 1 year. The overall 1-year survival rate was 80% in the elderly and 88% in those <80 years, p=0.590. Baseline 6MWT was a predictor for all-cause mortality (odds ratio, 0.99; 95% confidence interval, 0.982–0.999; p=0.026) after the MitraClip procedure. ConclusionsTrans-catheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repairs are safe and have positive clinical impact in subjects with severe MR, even in advanced age.

Online Experts Screening the Worst Slicing Machine to Control Wafer Yield via the Analytic Hierarchy Process

( Chin Tsai Lin ),( Che Wei Chang ),( Cheng Ru Wu ),( Huang Chu Chen ) 한국품질경영학회 2006 The Asian Journal on Quality Vol.7 No.2

Flow-induced Orientations of Fibers and Their Influences on Warpage and Mechanical Property in Injection Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) Parts

Chao-Tsai Huang,Jia-Hao Chu,Wei-Wen Fu,Chia Hsu,Sheng-Jye Hwang 한국정밀공학회 2021 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.8 No.3

During the past two centuries, due to too fast growth of the human population, the pollution made by human has seriously impacts on our environment, particularly, for the CO2 emission. To diminish the CO2 emission problem, one of the effective solutions is applying lightweight material, such as the fiber-reinforced plastics (FRP), to replace metal in the manufacturing of transportation vehicles. However, since the reinforced function of the fibers inside plastic matrix is very complex, it is not easy to be visualized and managed. Specifically, the connection from microstructures of the fibers to the physical properties of the final product is far from our understanding. In this study, we have proposed a benchmark with three standard specimens based on ASTM D638 with different gate designs. This system is used to study the fiber microstructures and associated mechanical properties using numerical simulation and experimental studies. Results showed that the tensile properties (including tensile modulus and tensile stress) of all three ASTM standard specimens can be improved significantly in the appearance of the fibers. Moreover, the tensile properties variation of the finished parts associated with the microstructures of the short fibers based on the gate design have been also investigated. Specifically, the tensile modulus and the strength of the Model I are greater than that of Model II, while Model III is much less than others because of its double gate effect. The reason why the tensile modulus and the strength of the Model I is greater than that of Model II is due to some entrance effect. That entrance effect will further provide flow-induced fiber orientation to melt and then enhance the tensile properties of Model I. To confirm the observation, a series simulation and experimental studies have been performed. Specifically, the fiber orientation distribution is predicted using CAE, and verified using micro-CT scan and image analysis by Avizo software. Hence, the correlation from fiber microstructure feature (particularly in fiber orientation) to tensile modulus and tensile stress for fiber reinforced thermoplastic (FRP) in injection molding process can be validated.