Crack development depending on bond design for masonry walls under shear

Ural, A.,Dogangun, A. Techno-Press 2012 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.44 No.2

Walls are the most important vertical load-carrying elements of masonry structures. Their bond designs are different from one country to another. This paper presents the shear effects of some structural bond designs commonly used for masonry walls. Six different bond designs are considered and modeled using finite element procedures under lateral loading to examine the shear behavior of masonry walls. To obtain accurate results, finite element models are assumed in the inelastic region. Crack development patterns for each wall are illustrated on deformed meshes, and the numerical results are compared.

Genomic Analyses of Demographic History and Temperate Adaptation of the Bashkir Dark Honeybee Apis mellifera mellifera

Ural B. Yunusbaev,Rustem A. Ilyasov,Myeong-lyeol Lee,Kil Won Kim,Gi Youn Han,Soo Ho Lim,Dong In Kim,Gwang Rae No,Maxim Yu. Proshchalykin,Arkady S. Lelej,Hyung Wook Kwon 한국응용곤충학회 2019 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2019 No.10

Response evaluation of historical crooked minaret under wind and earthquake loadings

Ural, Ali,Dogangun, Adem,Meraki, Sakir Techno-Press 2013 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.17 No.3

Turkey has been hosted various civilizations throughout centuries and it has become one of the oldest settlements all over the world due to the geographical location. Therefore, it has accommodated innumerable historical structures remain from the past civilizations. Protection and conservation of these historical constructions should be the major points for continuity of history. Crooked minaret is one of between these historical invaluable structures. It is located at the city of Aksaray and it dates back approximately 800 years. The minaret has lost its vertical position in time and bends on the North-West direction. In this study, general information is given about minarets and some restoration recommendations are given for crooked minaret based on performed some finite element structural analyses. These analyses are considered into three cases; 1-Dead loading, 2-Wind loading, and 3-Earthquake loadings. Results from the analyses are discussed detailed and some useful recommendations are given in the end of the study.

Crack development depending on bond design for masonry walls under shear

A. Ural,A. Dogangün 국제구조공학회 2012 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.44 No.2

Walls are the most important vertical load-carrying elements of masonry structures. Their bond designs are different from one country to another. This paper presents the shear effects of some structural bond designs commonly used for masonry walls. Six different bond designs are considered and modeled using finite element procedures under lateral loading to examine the shear behavior of masonry walls. To obtain accurate results, finite element models are assumed in the inelastic region. Crack development patterns for each wall are illustrated on deformed meshes, and the numerical results are compared.

Response evaluation of historical crooked minaret under wind and earthquake loadings

Ali Ural,Adem Doğangün,Şakir Meraki 한국풍공학회 2013 한국풍공학회지 Vol.17 No.3

Turkey has been hosted various civilizations throughout centuries and it has become one of the oldest settlements all over the world due to the geographical location. Therefore, it has accommodated innumerable historical structures remain from the past civilizations. Protection and conservation of these historical constructions should be the major points for continuity of history. Crooked minaret is one of between these historical invaluable structures. It is located at the city of Aksaray and it dates back approximately 800 years. The minaret has lost its vertical position in time and bends on the North-West direction. In this study, general information is given about minarets and some restoration recommendations are given for crooked minaret based on performed some finite element structural analyses. These analyses are considered into three cases; 1-Dead loading, 2- Wind loading, and 3-Earthquake loadings. Results from the analyses are discussed detailed and some useful recommendations are given in the end of the study.

TÜRK EDEBİYATI’NDA KİMLİK BUNALIMINA ÇÖZÜM ARAYAN USTALAR!

Taceddin Ural(타제띤 우랄) 국제언어문학회 2016 國際言語文學 Vol.- No.35

한 공동체의 정체성 형성에는 많은 요소들이 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 종교, 지리, 역사, 생산 관계에 까지 펼쳐지는 많은 영향은 그 공동체의 정체성을 형성한다. 하지만 가장 광범위한 의미로서 문학은 이 형성에서 가장 결정적, 영속적이다. 서구 지지자들은 자신들이 모방했던 서구인들의 가치와 전적으로 조화 속에 있지 않았고, ‘서구’에 거리를 두고자 하는 사람들은 옛 시절의 가치들을 현실에서 적용할 정도로 무장되어 있지 않았다. 사실 이 딜레마는 터키 지식인들의 정체성 위기의 근간을 형성하고 있다. 터키인들은 동양인인가, 서양인인가? 동양인처럼 살아야 하는가, 아니면 서양인처럼 살아야 하는가? 아니면, 약간은 여기서, 약간은 저기서 가져온 방식들을 수용할 것인가? 만약 그렇게 한다면 그 정도는 어디까지 될 것인가? 오랜 세월 동안 지속되고, 민족 전체의 과거만큼이나 미래를 정할 이 중요한 주제에 대해 예술가, 문학인, 사상가들은 적지 않은 관심을 보였다. 이방화, 정체성 위기에 초점을 두고, 해결하기 위해 노력하는 연구들을 하기 시작했다. 이 정체성 위기를 토착적인것과 전통에서 공급받은 관점으로 해소하려고 했던 인물들 중 몇 명을 본다. 아흐메트 함디 탄프나르는 미래를 건설하는 데 있어 저항할 가치들을 모색한다. 탄프나르 소설에 등장하는 우유부단하고, 결단을 내리지 못하고, 자신들이 처한 상황에서 벗어날 의지를 도무지 보이지 않는 등장인물들은, 동시에 자신들이 처한 공허함에 저항하고, 자신들을 이방화하는 데에서 벗어날 가치들을 모색한다. 문학인, 신문 작가 특히 ‘동-서양’ 문제에 특별한 관심을 갖고 있었던 중요한 사상가 페야미 사파는 그의 작품에서 일반적으로 정치, 사회-심리 그리고 문화적 분석들을 했다. 오스만 제국 시간에 태어나고, 점령 시기를 경험하고, 공화국 설립을 보았던 페야미 사파는, 사회의 변화/ 반향을 가까이서 관찰했고, 이를 자신의 작품에 반영했다. 그는 소설에 등장하는 서양을 선망하는 타입들은 희화화되고, 부정적이다. 소설 내내, 서구화 옹호자 정체성과 전통적인 정체성이 인정 사정없이 충돌한다. 민족적 정체성 문제에 관한 학문적 연구들로 관심을 받은 또 다른 이름은 누레띤 톱추이다. 그는 지식인이 이방화되는 것에 동조하지 않고, 더불어 자신의 민족의 가치들과 관계를 끊지 않고, 이방화되지 않고, 정체성 혼란을 겪지 않기 위해 노력한 이상적인 지식인이다. 무정부주의에 맞선 반항적인 도덕을, 사회주의에 맞선 도덕적 연합을 주장했다. 그리고 터키 지식인들에게, 이방화되는 것에 맞서 고유 문화를 지키자고 종용했다. 터키사회의 이방화와 정체성 혼란에 대해 고심한 다른 한 명은 뮘타즈 투르한이다. 뮘타즈 투르한과 비교해 이슬람을 강조하는 면이 더 강한 역사교수 오스만 투란에 의하면, 잘못된 세속주의 적용은 국민을 종교적인 면에서 무지하게 만들었고, 이는 사회적 붕괴의 원인이 되었다. 뮘타즈 투르한과 비교해 이슬람을 강조하는 면이 더 강한 역사교수 오스만 투란에 의하면, 잘못된 세속주의 적용은 국민을 종교적인 면에서 무지하게 만들었고, 이는 사회적 붕괴의 원인이 되었다. 사회에 선구자가 되어야 할 지식인들의 세속주의 뇌 구조는 이러한 정책을 결정짓는 데 영향을 미쳤다. 에롤 귄괴르 교수는 위에서 열거한 이름들 중 어쩌면 ‘가장 진정한’ 지식인으로 부각된다. 그는 보수주의 이해를 가지고 있으며, 변화와 혁신에 열려 있는 세계관을 가지고 있다. 에롤 귄괴르는 또한, 서양 문화의 파괴적인 영향에 맞서 어떤 검열을 해야 하는 지 생각하는 대신, 건전한 민족 문화를 구성하는 것이 필요하다고 말했다. 요구되는 것은 이 영향에 견딜 수 있는 독립적인 문화가 존속되는 것이라고 보았다. 잘못된 서구화가 야기한 문제들에 대해 끈질기게 언급한 특별한 사상가들 중 한 명은 아틸라 일한이다. 아틸라 일한은, 지금 서구화는 서양 국가를 닮는 것, 그들을 모방하는 것 이라는 의미로 받아들이고 있다. Are Turks Orientals, westerners? Should they live like Orientals or westerners? or Should they accept little by little from this or that? If do, How much should they accept?. Artists, thinkers and literary men have had a lot of interests in this important theme to be continued for the long time. Ahmet Hamdi Tanpinar seeks for the value of resistance to establish the future. The important thinker, Peyami Safa analyzes politics, society, phycology and literature in his works. Nurettin Topçu is interested in the academic research about the ethnic identity. Mümtaz Turhan is concerned about the westernization of Turkish society and the chaos of identity. Comparing to Mümtaz Turhan, historian professor, Osman Turan emphasizes Islam even more. Also, Prof. Dr. Erol Güngör is regarded as a truest intellectual, has the conservative point of view and has the world view of change and innovation.

Evaluation of the accuracy of three different intraoral scanners for endocrown digital impression: An in vitro study

Çağrı Ural,박지만,Necati Kaleli,Esma Çağlayan 대한치과보철학회 2020 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.58 No.4

Purpose: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the accuracy of three different intraoral scanners (IOSs) on digital impressions of different types of endocrown cavity preparations. Materials and methods: Two human mandibular molar teeth were prepared with different endocrown abutment designs: one with a buccal wall (Class 2) and the other without a buccal wall (Class 3). Both cavity designs were scanned using a reference desktop scanner (E3) and three different intraoral scanners: Trios3 (TRI group), Cerec Omnicam (CER group), and i500 (I5 group). The obtained Standard Tessellation Language (.stl) datasets were exported to metrology software. The precision was evaluated based on deviations among repeated scan models recorded by each IOS. The trueness was evaluated based on deviations between the reference data and repeated scans. For detecting interaction, data were statistically analyzed using a univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) and for analyzing the comparison of the test groups data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey test at the significance level of .05. Results: The deviation values for both cavity designs in the I5 group were significantly lower than those in the other IOS groups in terms of trueness. For both cavity designs, the TRI group exhibited better precision than the other IOS groups. Conclusion: Different technologies of IOS device’s and different endocrown prepration designs affected the accuracy of the digital scans.

Estimation of C-derived introgression into A. m. mellifera colonies in the Russian Urals using microsatellite genotyping

Rustem A. Ilyasov,Myeong‑Lyeol Lee,Ural Yunusbaev,Alexey Nikolenko,Hyung‑Wook Kwon 한국유전학회 2020 Genes & Genomics Vol.42 No.9

Background Marker-assisted selection is well established in animal breeding method of selecting individuals with desirable traits in a breeding scheme based on DNA molecular marker patterns. Objective Genetic diversity and C-derived admixture into local purebred gene pool of A. m. mellifera colonies was assessed using polymorphism of nine microsatellite loci in order to provide further marker-assisted selection of desired honey bee colonies. Methods The genetic diversity and the level of C-derived introgression into A. m. mellifera colonies in the Shulgan-Tash Nature Reserve (Russia) was assessed based on nine microsatellite loci (ap243, 4a110, A24, A8, A43, A113, A88, Ap049, A28), which were analized using the fragment analysis of the PCR products in Applied Biosystems 3130 DNA Analyzer. Phylogenetic relationship of colonies was evaluated using Neighbor-Joining methods with Cavalli-Sforza and Edwards genetic distance using the PHYLIP 3.68. The model-based Bayesian clustering algorithm implemented in STRUCTURE 2.3.3 was employed to infer membership and introgression proportions (Q-value). Results In the Shulgan-Tash Nature Reserve colonies of A. m. mellifera subdivided into four groups by level of C-derived introgression. Only fve colonies of A. m. mellifera had C-derived introgression which varied from 0.5 to 2%. The genetic diversity in colonies of A. m. mellifera varied from 0.12 to 0.40. The Neighbor-Joining tree demonstrates the genetic relationship of A. m. mellifera colonies, which subdivided into three groups with diferent levels of C-derived introgression. Group 1 combined fve honey bee colonies Bort_1, Bort_2, Bort_3, Baisalyan_1, and Kush_7 with a fraction of introgression close to 0.000 and genetic diversity from 0.20 to 0.25. Conclusion The results showed the excellence of nine microsatellite loci genotyping in estimation of genetic diversity, distinguishing the two European evolutionary lineages M and C and estimating C-derived introgression. These genetic parameters can be applied further to perform the marker-assisted selection of purebred dark European honey bees.

Evaluation of marginal discrepancy in metal frameworks fabricated by sintering-based computer-aided manufacturing methods

Kaleli, Necati,Ural, Cagri,Us, Yesim Olcer The Korean Academy of Prosthodonitics 2020 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.12 No.3

PURPOSE. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of sintering procedures on marginal discrepancies of fixed partial metal frameworks fabricated using different sintering-based computer-aided design and computer/aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Forty resin die models of prepared premolar and molar abutment teeth were fabricated using a three-dimensional (3D) printer and divided into four groups (n = 10) according to the fabrication method of metal frameworks used: HM (via hard milling), SM (via soft metal milling), L25 (via direct metal laser melting [DMLM] with a 25 ㎛ layer thickness), and L50 (via direct DMLM with a 50 ㎛ layer thickness). After the metal frameworks were fabricated and cemented, five vertical marginal discrepancy measurements were recorded in each site (i.e., buccal, facing the pontic, lingual, and facing away from the pontic) of both abutment teeth under a stereomicroscope (×40). Data were statistically analyzed at a significance level of 0.05. RESULTS. No statistically significant differences (P>.05) were found among the four axial sites of metal frameworks fabricated by sintering-based CAD/CAM techniques. The HM and L25 groups showed significantly (P<.001) lower marginal discrepancy values than the SM and L50 groups. CONCLUSION. Marginal discrepancy in the sites facing the pontic was not influenced by the type of sintering procedure. All fabrication methods exhibited clinically acceptable results in terms of marginal discrepancies.

Relationships Between C-Kit Expression and Mean Platelet Volume in Benign, Preneoplastic and Neoplastic Endometrium

Sehitoglu, Ibrahim,Bedir, Recep,Ural, Ulku Mete,Gucer, Hasan,Yurdakul, Cuneyt,Cure, Medine Cumhur,Cure, Erkan,Yuce, Suleyman,Sahin, Figen Kir Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.4

Background: c-Kit is a proto-oncogene that encodes a tyrosine kinase receptor (CD117). Mean platelet volume (MPV) is a useful marker for demonstrating thrombocyte function. We aimed to investigate whether c-kit is expressed in benign, preneoplastic and neoplastic endometrial tissues and whether MPV has a relation with c-kit expression and its intensity. Materials and Methods: c-Kit expression was investigated immunohistochemically in 10 samples of normal endometrium (n=10), simple endometrial hyperplasia (5 cases with atypia and 10 cases without atypia), complex endometrial hyperplasia (10 cases with atypia and 10 cases without atypia) and endometrial cancer (EC) (10 cases grade I and 10 cases grade II) and MPV of all cases was checked. Results: c-Kit expression was observed at very low rates in cases with normal endometrial tissues (NE) and in hyperplasia without atypia. c-Kit expression and immunostaining were strong in endometrial atypia and EC. MPV levels of complex atypical endometrial hyperplasia (CAEH) (p:0.002), EC grade I (ECG I) (p<0.001) and EC grade II (ECG II) (p<0.001) were significantly elevated when compared with the NE group. Both c-kit expression and intensity of immunostaining had a positive correlation with MPV level. Conclusions: While c-kit expression and intensity of immunostaining were mildly positive in NE and hyperplasia without atypia, they were clearly observed in EC and hyperplasia with atypia. As c-kit expression is related to the mutagenesis a long-term followup may be needed in these cases. A high MPV level may be a good test for demonstrating c-kit expression and intensity of immunostaining.