Arabidopsis thaliana Metallothionein, AtMT2a, Mediates ROS Balance during Oxidative Stress

Wei Zhu,Dong-Xiao Zhao,Qing Miao,Tong-Tong Xue,Xin-Zheng Li,Cheng-Chao Zheng 한국식물학회 2009 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.52 No.6

Cold stress has been shown to induce the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can elicit a potentially damaging oxidative burden on cellular metabolism. Here, the expression of a metallothionein gene (AtMT2a) was upregulated under low temperature and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) stresses. The Arabidopsis T-DNA insertion mutant, mt2a, exhibited more sensitivity to cold stress compared to WT plants during the seed germination, and H2O2 levels in mt2a mutant were higher than that in WT plants during the cold stress. Synthetic GFP fused to AtMT2a was observed to be localized in cytosol. These results indicated that AtMT2a functions in tolerance against cold stress by mediating the ROS balance in the cytosol. Interestingly, mRNA level of AtMT2a was increased in seedlings of Arabidopsis cat2 mutant after cold treatment compared to WT seedlings, and overexpression of AtMT2a in cat2 could improve CAT activity under chilling stress. Moreover, the enzymatic activity of CAT in mt2a was higher than that in WT plants after cold treatment, suggesting that AtMT2a and CAT might complement each other in antioxidative process potentially in Arabidopsis. Taken together, our results provided a novel insight into the relationship between MTs and antioxidative enzymes in the ROS-scavenging system in plants.

現實精神與現代手法的融合 - 論九협詩派的藝術實踐

주동 ( Tong Zhu ) 고려대학교 중국학연구소 2007 中國學論叢 Vol.22 No.-

At the same time the nine-leaf poets explored the modern poetry art, they kept paying close attention to the realistic struggle for national revitalization. In their composition, they reflected on the nation`s hard fortune and showed sincere sympathy with people of lower classes. Besides, they fiercely attacked the dark reality and eulogized the democratic brightness. Both of the two aspects mentioned above reflected their strong senses of mission and duty. And the establishment of the two senses was closely related with their modern poetic style and their exploration into constructing modern poems. All of these embodied their characteristic of combining the spirit of artistic innovation with the sense of times and combining both the individuality and sociality of poets, which showed their unique historical and aesthetic values. To a certain degree, their exploration and practice corrected two unproper trends of China`s new poems. They created poems with national charactersitics and modern artistic glamour by courageously combining the spirit of realism with western modern artistic approaches. In this way, they created a new road for the development of China`s new poems. Even today, their principles and appoaches of dealing with the relationship between reality and art and that between national traditions and foreign influences are still brightening.

論九葉詩派文化意識的開放性

주동 ( Tong Zhu ) 중국어문연구회 2007 中國語文論叢 Vol.0 No.35

愛情的失樂園 -女性文學角色定位及誤區

주동 ( Tong Zhu ) 고려대학교 중국학연구소 2008 中國學論叢 Vol.23 No.-

二十世紀中國女性文學對愛情主題的態度及其發展趨向頗値得玩味, 從中我們不難看出女性作家通過愛情主題所傳導的深刻社會內涵及其心理矛盾. From the May Fourth Movement to the end of the 20th century, the theme of love in Chinese feminine literature presents a strange developing trend. It reflects love pursuing and disillusion of feminine literature. Its analysis can reveal the social and psychological causes of this phenomenon, thus pointing out the historical position and wrong understanding of feminine literature`s women`s social roles` orientation in the aspect of its love description.

Trajectory control of tunnel boring machine based on adaptive rectification trajectory planning and multi-cylinders coordinated control

Tong Liu,Guo-fang Gong,Hua-yong Yang,Yu-xi Chen,Yi Zhu 한국정밀공학회 2019 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.20 No.10

Trajectory control of tunnel boring machine (TBM) has important implications for excavation efficiency and tunnel quality. A novel rectification trajectory planning method is proposed for TBM with adaptively designed direction and curvature against different attitude deviations and target path, and is comparatively studied with traditional method via numerical simulations. TBM could be fully-actuated by decoupling thrust and torque cylinders in horizontal and vertical planes, respectively. After the tropology analysis of the 4-SPS/PS structure, the real-time expected motions of torque cylinders in vertical plane are derived via reverse kinematics together with synchronous thrust cylinders; so does cylinders in horizontal plane. The proportional direction valves of torque and gripper cylinders are compensated with fixed pressure drop. A compound displacement tracking controller could be established, including flow-speed feed-forward with dead-band compensation and displacement feedback by fuzzy proportional–integral (PI) controller with separated integration. Synchronous controller of integral separated PI structure is also proposed. Experiment results on a Φ 2.5 m scaled TBM indicate that, the displacement tracking performance of cylinders under the compound controller against unbalanced load, which is ± 0.9 mm for high-speed thrust cylinders and ± 0.13 mm for low-speed gripper and torque cylinders, could meet the tolerance of trajectory planning and realize accurate attitude correction.

A Mean Field Game-Theoretic Cross-Layer Optimization for Multi-Hop Swarm UAV Communications

Tong Li,Cong Li,Chungang Yang,Junqi Shao,Yue Zhang,Lei Pang,Lizhong Chang,Lingli Yang,Zhu Han 한국통신학회 2022 Journal of communications and networks Vol.24 No.1

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) multi-hop communicationnetworks are foreseen to be widely employed inboth military and civilian scenarios. However, in ultra-densescenarios with swarm UAVs, nodes are highly dynamic mobile,ultra-dense deployment and non-centralized distribution. Thesecharacteristics make the centralized resource management policynot apply. Meanwhile, existing routing protocols can’t meetthe performance challenges of high dynamic, topology and linkfrequency changes of ultra-dense scenarios with swarm UAVs. Tosolve the above challenges of resource management and routingprotocol, a cross-layer optimization method is presented witha novel mean field game (MFG) in this paper. It is based onthe cross-layer design method of the MFG theory and jointlyconsiders the power resources in the physical layer, frequencyresources in the medium access control (MAC) layer, and routingresources in the network layer. By dividing into subproblems,the original problem is solved. Meanwhile, the optimal datatransmission path can be selected through the management andallocation of frequency resources and power resources. A crosslayerresource management dynamic source routing (CLRMDSR)protocol is designed based on that which adds link qualitymeasurement. The simulation results show that the presentedCLRM-DSR with the proposed resource management schemecan improve the data packet transmission rate, reduce end-toenddelay, and lower routing overhead for the multi-hop swarmUAV communication network.

Vibration-based structural health monitoring using CAE-aided unsupervised deep learning

Tong Guo,Minte Zhang,Ruizhao Zhu,Yueran Zong,Zhihong Pan 국제구조공학회 2022 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.30 No.6

Vibration-based structural health monitoring (SHM) is crucial for the dynamic maintenance of civil building structures to protect property security and the lives of the public. Analyzing these vibrations with modern artificial intelligence and deep learning (DL) methods is a new trend. This paper proposed an unsupervised deep learning method based on a convolutional autoencoder (CAE), which can overcome the limitations of conventional supervised deep learning. With the convolutional core applied to the DL network, the method can extract features self-adaptively and efficiently. The effectiveness of the method in detecting damage is then tested using a benchmark model. Thereafter, this method is used to detect damage and instant disaster events in a rubber bearing-isolated gymnasium structure. The results indicate that the method enables the CAE network to learn the intact vibrations, so as to distinguish between different damage states of the benchmark model, and the outcome meets the high-dimensional data distribution characteristics visualized by the t-SNE method. Besides, the CAE-based network trained with daily vibrations of the isolating layer in the gymnasium can precisely recover newly collected vibration and detect the occurrence of the ground motion. The proposed method is effective at identifying nonlinear variations in the dynamic responses and has the potential to be used for structural condition assessment and safety warning.

Full-phase optimization of PDC bit cutter layout to reduce lateral force based on zoning method

Tong Cao,Kaian Yu,Xuyue Chen,Hongwu Zhu,Rui Zhang 대한기계학회 2021 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.35 No.3

Balancing lateral force is essential to reduce bit vibrations and prolong bit service life. During the process of cutting, the instantaneous cutting situation is governed by the previous blades cutting. This paper introduces a notion called “zoning method” based on the cutting geometry of bit-rock interface, which is dedicated to distinguishing different phases of cutting. Furthermore, a full-phase optimization model is developed to optimize cutter layout for minimizing the lateral force in each cutting phase, the NSGA-II is used to solve for the Paretooptimal solutions, and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to select the optimal solution. Finally, a case study of full-phase optimization of PDC bit cutter layout is conducted to highlight the advantage of the zoning method. The case study results show that the lateral force is reduced significantly in each cutting phase by using zoning method, which can help to achieve the real lateral force balance of PDC bit.

Physical Layer Security in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks Under A Hybrid Full-/Half-Duplex Receiver Deployment Strategy

Tong-Xing Zheng,Hui-Ming Wang,Jinhong Yuan,Zhu Han,Moon Ho Lee INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS 2017 IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications Vol. No.

<P>This paper studies physical layer security in a wireless ad hoc network with numerous legitimate transmitter-receiver pairs and eavesdroppers. A hybrid full-duplex (FD)/half-duplex receiver deployment strategy is proposed to secure legitimate transmissions, by letting a fraction of legitimate receivers work in the FD mode sending jamming signals to confuse eavesdroppers upon their information receptions, and letting the other receivers work in the half-duplex mode just receiving their desired signals. The objective of this paper is to choose properly the fraction of FD receivers for achieving the optimal network security performance. Both accurate expressions and tractable approximations for the connection outage probability and the secrecy outage probability of an arbitrary legitimate link are derived, based on which the area secure link number, network-wide secrecy throughput, and network-wide secrecy energy efficiency are optimized, respectively. Various insights into the optimal fraction are further developed, and its closed-form expressions are also derived under perfect self-interference cancellation or in a dense network. It is concluded that the fraction of FD receivers triggers a non-trivial tradeoff between reliability and secrecy, and the proposed strategy can significantly enhance the network security performance.</P>

Study on the performance and mechanism of Cu(II) adsorption by porous ceramics prepared from tailings

Tong Zhang,Shaofeng Zhu,Guangsheng Fei,Yuanhang Ma 한양대학교 청정에너지연구소 2022 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.23 No.6

In this study, industrial waste tailings were used as the main raw material to prepare porous ceramic by injection molding. The porous ceramic samples were surface treated by γ-Aminopropyl triethoxysilane solution to be used as adsorbent to removeCu(II) from solution. The effects of sintering technology on properties of porous ceramic samples were studied. Meanwhile,the effects of test conditions on the adsorption characteristics of samples were also studied. The samples were analyzed by Xray diffraction, FTIR, and SEM. Atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used to determine the changes of Cu(II)concentration in the aqueous solution before and after adsorption. The results show that the compressive strength of thesamples is increased with the increase of sintered temperature and extension of holding time. The average pore diameters ofthe samples are decreased and concentrated between 0.1 and 0.2mm with the increase of sintered temperature. The removalrates and the adsorption capacities of the samples to Cu(Ⅱ) are increased with the increase of solution temperature, increaseof pH value of the solution and the extension of the test time.