Effect of Lactic Fermentation and Spray Drying Process on Bioactive Compounds from Ngoc Linh Ginseng Callus and Lactobacillus plantarum Viability

( Lieu My Dong ),( Nguyen Thi Thuy Linh ),( Nguyen Thi Hoa ),( Dang Thi Kim Thuy ),( Do Dang Giap ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2021 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.49 No.3

Ngoc Linh ginseng is one of the most valuable endemic medicinal herbs in Vietnam. In this study, Ngoc Linh ginseng callus was fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 8014 (at 6, 7, and 8 log CFU/ml) to evaluate the extraction efficiency of bioactive compounds. The post-fermentation solution was spray-dried using maltodextrin with or without Stevia rebaudiana (3% and 6% v/v) as the wall material. Bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, polysaccharides, and total saponins, and L. plantarum viability during fermentation and after spray-drying, as well as under simulated gastric digestion, were evaluated in this study. The results showed that probiotic density had a significant effect on bioactive compounds, and L. plantarum at 8 log CFU/ml showed the best results with a short fermentation time compared to other tests. The total content of polyphenols, polysaccharides, and saponins reached 5.16 ± 0.18 mg GAE/g sample, 277.2 ± 6.12 mg Glu/g sample, and 4.17 ± 0.15 mg/g sample, respectively after 20 h of fermentation at the initial density of L. plantarum (8 log CFU/ml). Although there was no difference in the particle structure of the preparation, the microencapsulation efficiency of the bioactive compound in the samples containing S. rebaudiana was higher than that with only maltodextrin. The study also indicated that adding S. rebaudiana improved the viability of L. plantarum in gastric digestion. These results showed that S. rebaudiana, a component stimulating probiotic growth, combined with maltodextrin as a co-prebiotic, improved the survival rate of L. plantarum in simulated gastric digestion.

The extraction of lignocelluloses and silica from rice husk using a single biorefinery process and their characteristics

Ngoc Thuy Nguyen,Nhat Thong Tran,Tan Phat Phan,Anh Thu Nguyen,My Xuyen T. Nguyen,Nguyen Ngan Nguyen,Young Ho Ko,Dai Hai Nguyen,Tran T.T. Van,DongQuy Hoang 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.108 No.-

While the efficient usage of biomass waste can significantly help in addressing environmental issues,there are only a few reports that discuss about processing such waste effectively at a low-cost. Such challengearises from the strong association between the components biomass. In this study, an abundantagricultural byproduct, rice husk (RH), was used as the starting resource. A simple biorefining processof alkaline peroxide treatment followed by acid precipitation and ethanol extraction was performed onRH to obtain cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and silica. The chemical structures, morphologies, andphysic-chemical properties of the separated components were identified through a wide range of characterizationapproaches. The final products obtained from of this process were (i) bundles of fiber-likecellulose with a fiber width of 6 mm and (ii) small particles of hemicellulose and lignin with nonuniformshapes. The lignocelluloses products had over 90 wt% carbon with 52.28% crystalline ratio. Meanwhile, the other products comprising hemicelluloses, lignin, and silica were amorphous. The outcomeof this study contributes to expanding and developing the simple and efficient conversion processof biomass waste into sustainable value-added materials. It is crucial to reduce the environmental impactby using renewable materials as the new building block resources for synthetic chemicals.

Social Capital and Migration: A Case Study of Rural Vietnam

Hong Thu NGUYEN,My Kim LE,Thi Thuy Dung NGUYEN,Vu Phuong Linh DAO,Ngoc Tien NGUYEN 한국유통과학회 2022 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.9 No.1

To investigate the short-run effects of social capital on migration decisions of individuals in the rural areas of Vietnam, we conducted dataset mining and performed regression model analysis in the form of panel data. As control variables, we employed the variable of social capital, which is measured by an individual’s network, as well as demographic characteristics of individuals and households. We discovered that when a household is in financial distress, social networks such as linkages or asking for aid from others often enhance individual capacity. Individuals with a large social network outside of their immediate area are more inclined to relocate to the location where their connectors live. Individual participation and degree of participation in the organizational community, on the other hand, have little bearing on the likelihood of migration. In addition, this research examines theories and empirical research on the relationship between social capital and migration. Based on our research findings, we have recommended some measures to boost the efficiency of social capital and migration in rural areas of Vietnam through local government solutions.

Compliance of education journals in Vietnam with the minimum criteria to be indexed in the ASEAN Citation Index and Scopus

Trung Tran,Loc Thi My Nguyen,Thanh Thi Nghiem,Hien Thi Thu Le,Cuong Huu Nguyen,Thuy Phuong La,Trung Tien Nguyen,Hang Thi-Thu Nguyen 한국과학학술지편집인협의회 2019 Science Editing Vol.6 No.2

This study aimed at elucidating the present situation of scholarly journals published in Vietnam according to the minimum criteria to be indexed in the ASEAN Citation Index (ACI) and Scopus, with the goal of suggesting development strategies for scholarly journals in Vietnam. From the 387 journals accredited by the Vietnamese State Council for Professorship, 13 education journals were arbitrarily selected, and their compliance with the five minimum criteria for the ACI (peer review, timeliness, abstracts in English, references in Roman script, and a website in English) and the six minimum criteria for Scopus (peer review, timeline, abstracts in English, references in Roman characters, Electronic International Standard Serial Number [ISSN], and publication ethics) were assessed. Two of the 13 journals were eligible to be indexed in the ACI, while none fulfilled the minimum criteria to be indexed in Scopus. An urgent task for the editors of those journals is to establish an informative journal homepage in English that provides basic information on the journal. Then, an Electronic ISSN can be obtained from the ISSN International Center. Furthermore, the following steps are suggested for journal promotion: establishment of appropriate editorial policies and publication ethics procedures, improvement of research integrity, enhancement of the journals’ reputation in the international scientific community, and improvement of the online publishing system by adopting a journal manuscript management system. To achieve those goals, financial support from the Vietnamese government will be invaluable.

Determinants Influencing Tax Compliance: The Case of Vietnam

NGUYEN, Thi Thuy Du'o'ng,PHAM, Thi My Linh,LE, Thanh Tam,TRUONG, Thi Hoai Linh,TRAN, Manh Dung Korea Distribution Science Association 2020 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.7 No.2

The purpose of this paper is to ascertain the key factors affecting tax compliance among Vietnamese firms in Vietnam. We employ both qualitative and quantitative research methods. Qualitative research has been carried out through focus group discussions with ten chief accountants and tax officers. Quantitative research has been conducted through interviews with 200 firms (chief accountants or financial directors) in Vietnam. Analysis of the model includes the following stages: (i) Cronbach's test for reliability of the scale, (ii) exploratory factor analysis (EFA), (iii) confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and (iv) structural equation model (SEM). The results of the research show that voluntary tax compliance is directly affected by the three factors of audit probability, corporate reputation and business ownership. The probability of audit and severity of sanctions have the strongest impact on tax compliance. Therefore, the tax authorities need to strengthen the inspection of tax declarations, tax payments and tax refunds of firms. The paper confirms that enforced tax compliance is directly affected by the three factors of audit probability, sanction severity and social norms. Voluntary compliance and compulsory compliance have an effect on tax compliance, though voluntary compliance has a more powerful impact.

Exploring Critical Risk Factors of Office Building Projects

NGUYEN, Phong Thanh,PHAM, Cuong Phu,PHAN, Phuong Thanh,VU, Ngoc Bich,DUONG, My Tien Ha,NGUYEN, Quyen Le Hoang Thuy To Korea Distribution Science Association 2021 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.8 No.2

Risks and uncertainty are unavoidable problems in management of projects. Therefore, project managers should not only prevent risks, but also have to respond and manage them. Risk management has become a critical interest subject in the construction industry for both practitioners and researchers. This paper presents critical risk factors of office building projects in the construction phase in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Data was collected through a questionnaire survey based on the likelihood and consequence level of risk factors. These factors fell into five groups: (i) financial risk factors; (ii) management risk factors; (iii) schedule risk factors; (iv) construction risk factors; and (v) environment risk factors. The research results showed that critical factors affecting office building projects are natural (i.e., prolonged rain, storms, climate effects) and human-made issues (i.e., soil instability, safety behaviors, owner's design change) and the schedule-related risk factors contributed to the most significant risks for office buildings projects in the construction phase in Ho Chi Minh City. They give construction management and project management practitioners a new perspective on risks and risk management of office buildings projects in Ho Chi Minh City and are proactive in the awareness, response, and management of risk factors comprehensively.

The Role of Social Trust on Property Right Protection: Physical Property Versus Intellectual Property

Nguyen Thuy T.,Duong Tien H.,Dinh My T. T.,Truong Thu T. M.,Pham Tram H. H. 한국국제경제학회 2023 International Economic Journal Vol.37 No.2

While there have been numerous papers analyzing the political, economic and social effects of trust, there is little evidence on how social trust has an impact on property rights protection which is fundamental for promoting economic development. This study aims to investigate how trust value is related to property rights protection, focusing on the comparison of the effect on intellectual property rights versus physical property rights. Analyzing the data on property rights protection in 2015 from the Property Right Alliance organization and trust value from the World Value Survey from 1999 to 2014, we find that social trust has a direct effect only on intellectual property rights protection but less consistent on physical property rights protection. However, trust value has indirect effect on both forms of property rights protection via formal institutions. Our study, thus, adds to the literature by clarifying the context through which trust value affects cheating behaviors.

RESEARCH ON FACTORS AFFECTING COMPETITIVENESS OF SMALL AND MEDIUM FOOD ENTERPRISES IN HANOI

Nguyen Thi My Nguyet,Luu Thi Thuy Duong,Pham đac Thang 한국무역학회 2017 한국무역학회 국제학술대회 Vol.2017 No.11

Competency theory confirms that competitiveness derives from capacity of resources maintenance and coordination and capacity allowing enterprises to gain their target and purpose. In this paper, in food enterprises, competitiveness is the exploitation and use of enterprise’s capacities to maintain and create competitive advantage to gain higher business performance than competitors and adapt to changes of business environment. This research shows 09 factors that affect to competitiveness of small and medium food enterprises. The research’s result and processed data shows that competitiveness of small and medium food enterprises in Hanoi is most affected by 03 factors: capacities of product quality management, marketing, production and technology. Other factors having less effect on competitiveness of enterprise include: capacities of human resource and finance. These results are the basis for suggesting some solutions to enhance competitiveness of these enterprises in Hanoi.

Influences of Job Demands, Job Resources, Personal Resources, and Coworkers Support on Work Engagement and Creativity

Thuy Van Thi TRUONG,Hoang Vinh NGUYEN,My Ca Thi PHAN 한국유통과학회 2021 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.8 No.1

Employee engagement plays an important role in the development as well as the success of a company. The manner in which employees are committed to their work and be more innovative seems to drive people’s curiosity. This study aims to analyze the impacts of job demandsresources, personal resources, and coworker support on work engagement. Also, whether there is a relationship between work engagement and creativity of employees is tested through this research. The data served for the research was collected in the context of Vietnamese small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The authors used structural equation modeling (SEM) (software Smart PLS), to test the proposed hypotheses by using the data of 602 employees. Results of the study point out that proposed antecedents influence work engagement and creativity. Such findings have shed light on both theory and practice implications. In theory, it supports the social exchange theory and the job demands and resources model. In practice, leaders should assist subordinates in various aspects and build and promote a corporate culture where employees help others with great enthusiasm to increase the level of work engagement and spirit of innovation of employees.

Enhancing the Viability Rate of Probiotic by Co-Encapsulating with Prebiotic in Alginate Microcapsules Supplemented to Cupcake Production

Lieu My Dong,Nguyen Thien Luan,Dang Thi Kim Thuy 한국미생물·생명공학회 2020 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.48 No.2

The objective of the study was to assess the survival of microencapsulated Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC8014 produced using the emulsion technique in alginate gel combined with pectin and maltodextrin components. The microcapsules were then added to cupcake dough that was further baked at 200℃ for 12 min. The viability of L. plantarum was assessed during baking and the 10 days of storage at 4℃ as well as in simulated gastrointestinal conditions. In addition, yeast-mold and water activity were investigated. After baking, the samples with microencapsulated L. plantarum contained more than 5 log CFU/g, which was higher compared to the bacterial concentration of the control samples. The concentration of L. plantarum was more than 6 logs CFU/g after the end of the storage; therefore, the probiotic functioned as a biopreservative in the cake. The prebiotic component strengthened the microcapsules network and helped protect the viability of L. plantarum in simulated gastric fluid (SGF) and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) media. The results show that the addition of L. plantarum microencapsules did not affect the sensory scores of the cupcake while ensuring the viability of the probiotic during baking and storing.