Distribution, Dynamics and Management of Acid Sulfate Soil in Vegetable and Rice Cultivation in Brunei Darussalam

Thippeswamy Holige M,Hajah Suria Zanuddin,Hajah Aidah Mohd Hanifah 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

Evaluation of Bacopa monniera for its Synergistic Activity with Rivastigmine in Reversing Aluminum-Induced Memory Loss and Learning Deficit in Rats

Agadi Hiremath Thippeswamy,Mohamed Rafiq,Gollapalle Lakshminarayana shastry Viswa,Kethaganahalli J. Kavya,Suryakanth D. Anturlikar,Pralhad S. Patki 사단법인약침학회 2013 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.6 No.4

The objective of this study was to evaluate the synergistic activity of Bacopa monniera with Rivastigmine against aluminum-chloride (AlCl3)-induced cognitive impairment in rats. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into ten groups (n = 10) and subjected to their assigned treatments for 42 days. On the 20th day of the respective drug treatments, all the animals were trained in the Morris water maze (retention latency) and the elevated plus maze (transfer latency). After the initial training, the retention latency (RL) and the transfer latency (TL) were evaluated on the 21st and the 42nd days of the study. Chronic administration of AlCl3 caused significant memory impairment associated with increased RL in the Morris water maze task and increased TL in the elevated plus maze test. Interestingly, animals treated with oral administration of B. monniera (100 and 200 mg/kg), Rivastigmine (5 mg/kg) or a combination of B. monniera (100 mg/kg) with Rivastigmine (5 mg/kg) showed significant protection against AlCl3-induced memory impairment compared to animal treated with AlCl3 per se. Additionally, the neuroprotective effect of B. monniera (100 and 200 mg/kg) was significantly improved when supplemented with Rivastigmine (5 mg/kg). These findings suggest that treatment with a combination of B. monniera with Rivastigmine may be highly beneficial compared to their per-se treatment.

Adversarial Attacks and Defense Strategy in Deep Learning

Sarala D.V,Thippeswamy Gangappa International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2024 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.24 No.1

With the rapid evolution of the Internet, the application of artificial intelligence fields is more and more extensive, and the era of AI has come. At the same time, adversarial attacks in the AI field are also frequent. Therefore, the research into adversarial attack security is extremely urgent. An increasing number of researchers are working in this field. We provide a comprehensive review of the theories and methods that enable researchers to enter the field of adversarial attack. This article is according to the "Why? → What? → How?" research line for elaboration. Firstly, we explain the significance of adversarial attack. Then, we introduce the concepts, types, and hazards of adversarial attack. Finally, we review the typical attack algorithms and defense techniques in each application area. Facing the increasingly complex neural network model, this paper focuses on the fields of image, text, and malicious code and focuses on the adversarial attack classifications and methods of these three data types, so that researchers can quickly find their own type of study. At the end of this review, we also raised some discussions and open issues and compared them with other similar reviews.

Cervical polyp: evaluating the need of routine surgical intervention and its correlation with cervical smear cytology and endometrial pathology: a retrospective study

Bhabani Pegu,Bheemanathi Hanuman Srinivas,Thangamuthu Sri Saranya,Rajeswari Murugesan,Smitha Priyadarshini Thippeswamy,Bhanu Pratap Singh Gaur 대한산부인과학회 2020 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.63 No.6

ObjectiveTo determine the frequency of premalignant and malignant lesions in cervical polyps in order to examine whethercervical polyps need to be removed routinely and also to appraise its association with cervical smear cytology andendometrial pathologies. MethodsWe retrospectively re-examined the hospital records of 299 cases over a period of 5 years. All patients weresegregated into perimenopausal and postmenopausal groups according to their menopausal status. The groupswere compared in terms of histological results of cervical polyp biopsy, endometrial pathologies, and cervical smearcytology. Pearson’s χ2 test and Fisher’s exact test were used for statistical analysis, and a P-value of <0.05 was acceptedas statistically significant. ResultsIn the histopathological reports of cervical polyps, premalignant lesions were found in 2% of cases, and only 0.3%of malignant lesion was observed in menopausal women. Subsequently, no malignancy was noted in cervical smearcytology for both groups. Premalignant and malignant lesions in endometrial histopathology findings were 1.33%and 0.66%, respectively. There was a statistically significant association between the menopausal status of the patientand cervical smear cytology and endometrial pathology, but the histological findings were not statistically significantin relation to the symptomatic status of the patients. ConclusionAs per the results, we strongly suggest the removal of all cervical polyps with subsequent histological review. Theevaluation of cervical smear cytology prior to polypectomy can provide information about its malignancy potential. We believe that along with cervical polypectomy,endometrial sampling should be recommended,especially for postmenopausal women.

Molecular mechanism of Escherichia coli H10407 induced diarrhoea and its control through immunomodulatory action of bioactives from Simarouba amara (Aubl.)

Veena Hegde,Gowda Sandesh K.,Achur Rajeshwara N.,Thippeswamy Nayaka Boramuthi 한국미생물학회 2021 The journal of microbiology Vol.59 No.4

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) infection is a major cause of death in children under the age of five in developing countries. ETEC (O78:H11:CFA/I:LT+:ST+) mechanism has been studied in detail with either heat labile (LT) or heat stable (ST) toxins using in vitro and in vivo models. However, there is no adequate information on ETEC pathogenesis producing both the toxins (LT, ST) in BALB/c mice model. In this study, female mice have been employed to understand ETEC H10407 infection induced changes in physiology, biochemical and immunological patterns up to seven days post-infection and the antidiarrhoeal effect of Simarouba amara (Aubl.) bark aqueous extract (SAAE) has also been looked into. The results indicate that BALB/c is sensitive to ETEC infection resulting in altered jejunum and ileum histomorphology. Withal, ETEC influenced cAMP, PGE2, and NO production resulting in fluid accumulation with varied Na+, K+, Cl-, and Ca2+ levels. Meanwhile, ETEC subverted expression of IL-1β, intestine alkaline phosphatase (IAP), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in jejunum and ileum. Our data also indicate the severity of pathogenesis reduction which might be due to attainment of equilibrium after reaching optimum rate of infection. Nevertheless, degree of pathogenesis was highly significant (p < 0.01) in all the studied parameters. Besides that, SAAE was successful in reducing the infectious diarrhoea by inhibiting ETEC H10407 in intestine (jejunum and ileum), and shedding in feces. SAAE decreased cAMP, PGE2, and fluid accumulation effectively and boosted the functional activity of immune system in jejunum and ileum IAP, MPO, IL-1β, and nitric oxide.

Cardioprotective effect of Argyreia speciosa (Burm. f) Boj. extracts against Isoproterenol- induced myocardial infarction in rats

Thakker, Shalin,Biradar, S.M.,Habbu, P.V.,Mahadevan, K.M.,Thippeswamy, B.S.,Veerapur, V.P. Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2010 Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine Vol.10 No.4

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the protective effect of ethanol (EtAS), ethyl acetate (EAAS) and aqueous (AQAS) extracts of Argyreia speciosa (AS) roots against Isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial infarction in rats. The animals were exposed to isoproterenol (200 mg/kg. s.c) twice at an interval of 24 hrs. Cardioprotective effect was assessed by observing ECG parameters, serum marker enzymes and histopathology of the heart. Pretreatment of EAAS, and EtAS (200 mg/kg) resulted in a significant (P < 0.001) increase in P wave, QRS complex and R-R interval, whereas heart rate, QT interval and cardiac cycle were maintained near to normal values. EtAS and EAAS showed significant (P < 0.05; P < 0.001) reduction in all the tested diagnostic markers compared to ISO treated group. Histological studies on the structural changes of heart tissue supported the protective activity of AS. The result suggest that treatment of AS prior to ISO has a significant role in protecting the animals from ISO induced myocardial infarction.

Blumea lacera DC., accelerates the healing of acetic acid induced ulcerative colitis in rats by regulating oxidative stress and colonic inflammation: in-vivo and in silico molecular docking experiments

Adhikari Ashish,Basnet Santosh,Vijayakumar Sacchidanana,Suhas Doddamavattur Shivalingaiah,Puneeth Tumbadi Adinarayanashetty,Thippeswamy Boreddy Shivanandappa,Chandramohan Vivek,Veerapur Veeresh Prabha 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2021 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.21 No.3

To expound the protective outcome of standardised hydroalcoholic extract of Blumea lacera (EEBL) in acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis (UC). Further, in silico computational experiments were performed to identify the inhibitory activity of bioactive constituents of EEBL against inflammatory targets. Rats were pre-treated with EEBL (100 and 200 mg/kg) for 7 days and on eighth day, UC was induced by intrarectal instillation of 2 ml of 4% v/v acetic acid and treatment continues till 11th day. Colonic injury was examined by clinical activity score and mucosal inflammation was assessed by colon wet weight, macroscopic scoring and histopathological examination. In addition, colonic contractility studies and biochemical analysis were carried out. Further, bioactive compounds from title plant were subjected to drug likeness prediction and molecular docking studies against myeloid differentiation factor-2 (MD-2), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). Pre-treatment with both the doses of EEBL significantly ameliorated the acetic acid-induced colonic injury and these results were parallels with biochemical and histopathology examinations. Out of fifteen selected bioactive compounds, 5-hydroxy-3methyl-3,6,7,4-tetramethoxy flavones, lachnophyllic acid and d-fenchone exhibited better drug likeness property with higher docking score. The observed protective outcome might be recognized due to the synergistic effect of identified bioactive compounds by inhibition of key targets of inflammation.

Antidiabetic activity of Argyreia speciosa (sweet) (Burm.f.)Boj. in normogl- ycemic and Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

PV Habbu,KM Mahadevan,VH Kulkarni,Marietta P,Pratap V,BS Thippeswamy,VP Veerapur 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2010 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.10 No.2

Effect of ethanol (ASE) and water (ASW) extracts of Argyreia speciosa on blood glucose and lipid profile was investigated in normoglycemic and Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic animals. In oral glucose and sucrose tolerance test, treatment with ASE and ASW (100 and 200 mg/kg) and Glidenclamide (10 mg/kg) significantly improved the glucose and sucrose tolerance in normal animals. In addition, respective treatment for fifteen-day resulted in significant percentage reduction in serum glucose (SG) ie., 30.39% (lower dose of ASE) and 33.21% (higher dose of ASW). In standardized STZ (50 mg/kg, iv)-induced diabetic rats, a single dose of ASE and ASW treatment exhibited reduction in SG levels at different time intervals compared to basal levels. Administration of both the doses of ASE and ASW for fifteen-day days exhibited greater percentage reduction in glycemia (24.6%, 24.7%, 23.9% and 21.9% respectively) and also ameliorated restored to near normal value of all tested lipid parameters. Further, treatment also exhibited significantly improved glucose tolerance over the period of 120 min compared to diabetic control group. Eventhough treatment failed to increase serum insulin levels significantly but peripheral utilization of insulin was increased as evident by insulin tolerance test. Taken together, present study supports the traditional usage of title plant in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.

Nutritional Disorders, Analytical Diagnosis and Nutrient Guide for Mulberry, Morus indica L.

Singhal, B.K.,Chakraborti, S.,Rajan, Mala V.,Thippeswamy, T. Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2004 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.8 No.1

Due to recent scientific innovations in mulberry cultivation, leaf yield has been increased manifold. However, with successive leaf harvest, a quantum drop in leaf yield and quality has been noted. This inturn has affected the silkworm rearing and farmers suffered by the frequent crop failures. This is mainly due to nutrient deficiencies in mulberry leaf. Moreover, no complete information is available about hunger signs of nutritional disorders, analytical diagnosis and critical levels of nutrients required. The present paper, thus, may serve as an important nutrient guide for identification of hunger signs, leaf nutrients status under deficiency and critical levels of the elements namely N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn requirements for higher leaf yield and quality. The leaf nutrient status provided may help chemist for correcting the soil status. Besides, an integration of mulberry intercropping with legumes and applications of neem and castor oil cakes, VA-mycorrhizal inoculation, biofertilizer and vermicompost are suggested as integrated nutrient management for sustainable sericulture industry. Based on the information described in this paper, a model needs to be framed for maintaining continuous supply of nutrients to obtain desired quantity and quality of mulberry leaf for successful silkworm cocoon crop and increasing overall silk productivity.

Biomolecule-embedded metal-organic frameworks as an innovative sensing platform

Kempahanumakkagari, Sureshkumar,Kumar, Vanish,Samaddar, Pallabi,Kumar, Pawan,Ramakrishnappa, Thippeswamy,Kim, Ki-Hyun Elsevier 2018 BIOTECHNOLOGY ADVANCES Vol.36 No.2

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Technological advancements combined with materials research have led to the generation of enormous types of novel substrates and materials for use in various biological/medical, energy, and environmental applications. Lately, the embedding of biomolecules in novel and/or advanced materials (e.g., metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), nanoparticles, hydrogels, graphene, and their hybrid composites) has become a vital research area in the construction of an innovative platform for various applications including sensors (or biosensors), biofuel cells, and bioelectronic devices. Due to the intriguing properties of MOFs (e.g., framework architecture, topology, and optical properties), they have contributed considerably to recent progresses in enzymatic catalysis, antibody-antigen interactions, or many other related approaches. Here, we aim to describe the different strategies for the design and synthesis of diverse biomolecule-embedded MOFs for various sensing (e.g., optical, electrochemical, biological, and miscellaneous) techniques. Additionally, the benefits and future prospective of MOFs-based biomolecular immobilization as an innovative sensing platform are discussed along with the evaluation on their performance to seek for further development in this emerging research area.</P>