Tannic acid-induced apoptosis in FaDu hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma

Loan Thi Ta,Trang Thi Kieu Nguyen,Hoon Yoo 대한구강생물학회 2019 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.44 No.2

Tannic acid (TA) is a water-soluble polyphenol compound found in various herbal plants. We investigated the chemopreventive effects of TA on FaDu hypopharyngeal squamous carcinoma cells. In an 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, TA showed dose-dependent cytotoxicity with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 50 µM. Cell cycle analysis and immunofluorescence imaging demonstrated that under low-dose (25 µM) treatment, FaDu cells were arrested in G2/M phase, and as the dose of TA was increased, apoptosis was induced with the increase of cell population at sub-G1 phase. The expressions of various cyclins, including cyclin D1 and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK-1 and CDK-2), were down-regulated at low doses of TA, whereas apoptotic effectors such as cleaved caspase 3, cleaved caspase 7, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) were expressed in a dose-dependent manner in Western blotting. In addition, TA-induced apoptosis of FaDu cells might be mediated by the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, with the upregulation of p-AKT/p-PKB (phosphorylated protein kinase B) and p-ERK. Overall, our data support the hypothesis that TA is a potential candidate agent for the treatment of hypopharyngeal cancer.

Investigation of the Relationship Between Cognitive Functions and Retinal Findings From Spectral Optical Coherence Tomography in Patients With Schizophrenia and Their Healthy Siblings

Rümeysa Taşdelen(Rümeysa Taşdelen ),Batuhan Ayık(Batuhan Ayık ),Hatice Kaya(Hatice Kaya ),Neslihan Sevimli(Neslihan Sevimli ) 대한신경정신의학회 2023 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.20 No.3

Objective Retinal structural changes which were investigated by optical coherence tomography (OCT) have been reported in schizophrenia. Since cognitive dysfunction is a core feature of schizophrenia, the correlations between retinal findings and cognitive functions of patients and their healthy siblings may provide insight into the pathophysiological processes of the disorder. We aimed to investigate the relationship between neuropsychiatric tests and retinal changes in schizophrenia patients and their healthy siblings.Methods We measured OCT parameters and cognitive performance (via Trail Making Tests, verbal fluency tests, and The Digit Span Tests) of 72 participants (36 patients with schizophrenia and 36 healthy siblings) and disease severity (with Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, Global Assessment of Functioning, and Clinical Global Impression scales) in patients with schizophrenia and evaluated the relationship between retinal findings and clinical parameters, especially neurocognitive tests.Results We found decreased ganglion cell layer-inner plexiform layer thickness and macular volume in the patient group. There were strong correlations between neurocognitive tests and OCT findings in both groups. On the other hand, there was not any correlation between retinal findings and disease parameters.Conclusion The cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia may be more closely related to structural changes in the retina.

Physciosporin suppresses the proliferation, motility and tumourigenesis of colorectal cancer cells

Taş,, İ,sa,Han, Jin,Park, So-Yeon,Yang, Yi,Zhou, Rui,Gamage, Chathurika D.B.,Van Nguyen, Tru,Lee, Ji-Yoon,Choi, Yong Jae,Yu, Young Hyun,Moon, Kyung-Sub,Kim, Kyung Keun,Ha, Hyung-Ho,Kim, Sang Elsevier 2019 Phytomedicine Vol.56 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background</B></P> <P>Lichens, which represent symbiotic associations of fungi and algae, are potential sources of numerous natural products. Physciosporin (PHY) is a potent secondary metabolite found in lichens and was recently reported to inhibit the motility of lung cancer cells via novel mechanisms.</P> <P><B>Purpose</B></P> <P>The present study investigated the anticancer potential of PHY on colorectal cancer (CRC) cells.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>PHY was isolated from lichen extract by preparative TLC. The effect of PHY on cell viability, motility and tumourigenicity was elucidated by MTT assay, hoechst staining, flow cytometric analysis, transwell invasion and migration assay, soft agar colony formation assay, Western blotting, qRT-PCR and PCR array <I>in vitro</I> as well as tumorigenicity study <I>in vivo</I>.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>PHY decreased the viability of various CRC cell lines (Caco2, CT26, DLD1, HCT116 and SW620). Moreover, PHY elicited cytotoxic effects by inducing apoptosis at toxic concentrations. At non-toxic concentrations, PHY dose-dependently suppressed the invasion, migration and colony formation of CRC cells. PHY inhibited the motility of CRC cells by suppressing epithelial-mesenchymal transition and downregulating actin-based motility markers. In addition, PHY downregulated β-catenin and its downstream target genes cyclin-D1 and c-Myc. Moreover, PHY modulated KAI1 C-terminal-interacting tetraspanin and KAI1 expression, and downregulated the downstream transcription factors c-jun and c-fos. Finally, PHY administration showed considerable bioavailability and effectively decreased the growth of CRC xenografts in mice without causing toxicity.</P> <P><B>Conclusion</B></P> <P>PHY suppresses the growth and motility of CRC cells via novel mechanisms.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Treatment of hydrocyanic galvanic effluent by electrocoagulation: Optimization of operating parameters using statistical techniques and a coupled polarity inverter

Taís Sabedot Pertile,Eliena Jonko Birriel 한국화학공학회 2017 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.34 No.10

The treatment of hydrocyanic galvanic effluent with Zn, Ni and Cu ions by electrocoagulation (EC) using aluminum electrodes and a polarity inverter was evaluated. 32 experiments were performed and the optimal operating conditions were obtained using statistical analysis: 30minutes, 5.00 g/L NaCl, 1 cm between electrodes, electrode surface area of 104cm2/L and current density of 8mA/cm2. The results for removal with the polarity inverter were: 99.55% total cyanide, 22.49% total nickel, 52.66% total copper and 100% total zinc. After the EC experiments, localized and general corrosion of the aluminum electrodes was evaluated both internally and externally by SEM. Contaminant removal was confirmed by X-Ray powder diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) which demonstrated the presence of contaminants in the galvanic sludge generated in the process.

Hypoglycaemic and anti-hyperglycaemic activity of Tabernanthe iboga aqueous extract in fructose-fed streptozotocin type 2 diabetic rats

Bading-Taïka Bayissi,Souza Alain,Bourobou Bourobou Henri-Paul,Lione Lisa A. 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2021 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.21 No.2

Root bark preparations of the Gabonese plant Tabernanthe iboga (T. iboga) has long been used in traditional medicine in Central and West African regions for the management of type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study is the first investigation of in vivo hypoglycaemic activity in healthy rats and anti-hyperglycaemic activity of T. iboga in a 10% fructose-fed (40 mg/kg i.p.) streptozotocin (STZ) injected type 2 diabetic rat model. T. iboga at 50 to 200 mg/kg induced hypoglycaemia activ-ity over 3 h fasted glucose tolerance in healthy Wistar rats and anti-hyperglycaemic effects on non-fasted and fasted blood glucose in fructose-fed STZ T2D rats with no toxicity. Fructose-fed STZ T2D rats developed characteristic type 2 diabetic complications over 6 weeks exhibiting significantly elevated fasting and non-fasting blood glucose, polydipsia, reduced body weight gain and glucose and insulin tolerance compared with STZ alone and normal control rats. T. iboga (50 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg bw) administered p.o. once daily for 4 weeks significantly improved diabetic symptoms of polydipsia, reduced body weight, hyperglycaemia, glucose and insulin tolerance (as AUC) compared with fructose-fed STZ T2D rats. T. ibogaaqueous extract (50 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg) also significantly reversed altered actions of marker enzymes of liver including alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), creatinine, HbA1c and elevated triglycerides in fructose-fed STZ type 2 diabetic rats. Our outcomes show that daily oral provision of T. iboga improves type 2 diabetes complications, superior to glibenclamide, in rat fructose-fed STZ model and offers the potential for safe clinical management of T2D in Gabon.

새로운 웹 사용성 평가 방법 제안: 증차 분석법과 퍼지 개념의 도입과 통합

이태경 ( Ta다 Yong Lee ) 한국기초조형학회 2013 기초조형학연구 Vol.14 No.6

웹은 초기의 전문가들의 전문적인 정보 교환의 도구에서 인터넷의 확장과 더불어 일반인이 일상생활의 모든 영역에서 이용하는 도구가 되었다. 최근 인터넷이 가능한 새로운 통신수단의 등장은 일상생활에서 웹이 사용되는 영역의 한계를 상상하기 어렵게 만들 정도이다. 이러한 환경에서 웹 사용성은 더욱 중요한 문제이다. 이에 웹 사용성 평가 방법론을 보완할 수 있도록 증차분석법(Analytic Hierarchy Process)과 퍼지개념(Fuzzy Concept) 방법론을 통합 활용하여 사용성에 영향을 주는 항목을 파악하여 웹 사용성을 높인다. 증차 분석법은 다층적인 인간의 정보처리과정(human information processing)을 모방하여 인간의 평가 과정을 반영한다. 다층적인 평가 모델은 웹 사이트를 구축할 때 필요한 정보구조(Information Architecture)의 구현 정도를 확인할 수 있다. 또한 평가 모델 항목간의 우선순위 값은 사용성을 높이기 위한 디자인의 우선순위의 지표를 제공한다. 퍼지 개념은 정량적인 값과 비정량적인 언어적 값이 혼재된 평가 자료를 통합하여 단일 값의 평가 값을 제공한다. 두 방법론을 통합하여 행정기관인 서울시의 홈 페이지를 사례 연구하였다. ISO(International Organization for Standardization) 9241 에 정의된 사용성의 개념에서 출발하여 다층의 평가 모델을 정의하고 평가하였다. 사용성에 영향을 주는 취약한 부분과 개선되어야 하는 항목들을 파악 하였다. 이 결과는 두 방법론의 통합이 웹 사용성 평가가 결여되는 있는 부분들을 보완할 수 있음을 보여준다. The WWW(World Wide Web) started as a tool for the information exchange among professionals. It now becomes a necessity which is indispensable to everyday life for everyone with the expanded network of Internet. Recently, a invention such as new communication mobile, which is capable of Internet data transfer, makes it beyond expectation to predict the limit of the Web. The web usability gets more attention in the environment. A web usability evaluation methodology is proposed to improve and complement a conventional web usability methodology. The newly introduced methodologies, Analytic Hierarchy Process and Fuzzy Concept, identify the factors, which affect a web usability, and contribute the improved usability. The Analytic Hierarchy Process mimics the multi-level human information process and reflects human evaluation process. It can check the completion rate of a Information Architecture which is necessary to construct a web site. It also provides a priority index among web design factors increasing web usability. The fuzzy concept gives a way to integrate an quantitative value and a non-quantitative value, which is a language-type scale ranking here, and produces a single comprehensive value. The two methodologies are combined and applied for the case study of Seoul Metropolitan web site. A multi-level evaluation model, which starts with the definition of usability defined by ISO 9241, is given and the evaluation is done based on the model and the two methodologies. The result explicitly identifies factors which affects the web usability and needs an improvement. It definitely proves that the methodologies can provide ways to complement a conventional web usability methodology.

Corrosion and Wear Characteristics of Electroless Ni–P, Ni–P–W and Composite Ni–P–W/Al2O3 Coatings on AZ91 Sheet

Selim Taşci,Reşat Can Özden,Mustafa Anik 대한금속·재료학회 2019 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.25 No.2

Electroless Ni–P–W was coated on AZ91 sheets with various W contents and both the corrosion and wear resistance characteristicsof these coatings were observed. The increase in W content resulted in a decrease in P content and an increase inthe crystallinity of the electroless coatings. The corrosion resistance of the electroless coatings increased upon increase inW content of the electroless coatings up to approximately 5%. Above this content, however, the corrosion resistance tendedto decrease due to the disturbed grain structure of the electroless coating. But both the surface hardness and wear resistanceincreased concurrently due to the positive contribution of W solid solution hardening. The applied heat treatment resulted ina decrease in the corrosion resistance due to the disappearance of the amorphous structure and increase in both the surfacehardness and wear resistance due to the precipitation hardening. Al2O3dispersion was better with the nonionic surfactant,as compared to the anionic and cationic surfactants. Composite coating reduced the corrosion resistance and increased thewear resistance of the electroless Ni–P–W coatings. The applied heat treatment was observed to have positive contributionto Ni–P–W coatings in getting the optimum corrosion and wear resistance combination.

Determination of Serum Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Levels in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Case Control Study

Yasemin Taş Torun,Esra Güney,Arzu Aral,Dicle Büyüktaşkin,Hüseyin Tunca,Yasemen Işik Taner,Elvan İşeri 대한정신약물학회 2019 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.17 No.4

Objective: The effect of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on neuronal development is known, but its relationship with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a neurodevelopmental disorder, has not yet been fully elucidated. To our knowledge, this is the first human study investigating serum VEGF levels in ADHD patients. In this study, it has been aimed to compare serum VEGF levels between a healthy control group and in ADHD patients to help determine the association between serum VEGF levels and ADHD. Methods: This study sample included forty-four patients diagnosed with ADHD and 43 healthy volunteer controls between 7 to 14 years old. Blood samples were taken from patients and the healthy control group to assess their serum VEGF levels. VEGF levels were calculated by subjecting the optical densities of the samples to concentrations of known standards as provided in the ELISA kit and then performing a regression correlation analysis. Results: The mean VEGF level of the children was 333.6 ± 209.8 in the ADHD group and 341.3 ± 201.8 in the control group. There were no statistically significant differences in serum VEGF levels between the ADHD and control groups (U = 926.000, z = −0.170, p = 0.865). Conclusion: There was no significant difference in serum VEGF levels for untreated ADHD cases and a healthy control group. This is the first human study investigating serum VEGF levels in ADHD patients, so there is a need to replicate these findings.

Microshear bond strength according to dentin cleansing methods before recementation

Simge Taşar,Mutahhar Muhammed Ulusoy,Gökçe Merıç 대한치과보철학회 2014 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.6 No.2

PURPOSE. The aim of this study was to determine the efficiency of Erbium, Chromium: Yttrium-Scandium-Gallium-Garnet laser in different output powers for removing permanent resin cement residues and therefore its influence on microshear bond strength compared to other cleaning methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS. 90 extracted human molars were sectioned in 1 mm thickness. Resin cement was applied to surface of sliced teeth. After the removal of initial cement, 6 test groups were prepared by various dentin surface treatment methods asfollows: no treatment (Group 1), ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid application (Group 2), Endosolv R application (Group 3), 1.25 W Erbium, Chromium:Yttrium-Scandium-Gallium-Garnet laser irradiation (Group 4), 2 W Erbium, Chromium:Yttrium-Scandium-Gallium-Garnet laser irradiation (Group 5) and 3.5 W Erbium, Chromium:Yttrium-Scandium-Gallium-Garnet laser irradiation (Group 6). The topography and morphology of the treated dentin surfaces were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (n=2 for each group). Following therepetitive cementation, microshear bond strength between dentin and cement (n=26 in per group) were measured with universal testing machine and the data were analyzed by Kruskal Wallis H Test with Bonferroni correction (α<.05). Fracture patterns were investigated by light microscope. RESULTS. Mean microshear bond strength ± SD (MPa) for each group was 34.9 ± 17.7, 32.1 ± 15.8, 37.8 ± 19.3, 31.3 ± 12.7, 44.4 ± 13.6, 40.2 ± 13.2 respectively. Group 5 showed significantly difference from Group 1, Group 2 and Group 4. Also, Group 6was found statistically different from Group 4. CONCLUSION. 2 W and 3.5 W Erbium, Chromium: Yttrium-Scandium-Gallium-Garnet laser application were found efficient in removing resin residues.

Improved Equations for the Profile of a Vertical Air-Core Vortex

Kerem Taştan,Nevzat Yıldırım 대한토목학회 2023 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.27 No.5

The available formulas for the profile of a vertical non-air-entraining vortex are not practical because they involve unknown parameters and need measurements of the local viscous-core radii across the height of the air-core vortex. Also, these formulas can not be used for the air-entraining vortices. In the present study, the available formulas involving unknown parameters were further improved. Findings are as follows. 1) the magnitudes of the unknown parameters vary across the height of the profile of the air-core vortex and they are the function of the ratio of the height of the air-core vortex to the submergence of the intake; 2) simple charts and formulas were obtained for the variations of the unknown parameters for the air-core vortices with and without an intake; 3) in lieu of the local viscous-core radius, the radius at the half-depth of the profile of the air-core vortex was used; 4) no laborious work of measurements are needed to determine the local viscous-core radii along the profile of the vortex; and 5) the improved formulas are in good agreement with available test data for the profiles of both the non-air-entraining and the air-entraining vortices with or without a vertically flowing downward intake.