Siberian Sturgeon Oocyte Extract Induces Epigenetic Modifications of Porcine Somatic Cells and Improves Developmental Competence of SCNT Embryos

Kim, So-Young,Kim, Tae-Suk,Park, Sang-Hoon,Lee, Mi-Ran,Eun, Hye-Ju,Baek, Sang-Ki,Ko, Yeoung-Gyu,Kim, Sung-Woo,Seong, Hwan-Hoo,Campbell, Keith H.S.,Lee, Joon-Hee Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2014 Animal Bioscience Vol.27 No.2

Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) has generally demonstrated that a differentiated cell can convert into a undifferentiated or pluripotent state. In the SCNT experiment, nuclear reprogramming is induced by exposure of introduced donor nuclei to the recipient cytoplasm of matured oocytes. However, because the efficiency of SCNT still remains low, a combination of SCNT technique with the ex-ovo method may improve the normal development of SCNT embryos. Here we hypothesized that treatment of somatic cells with extracts prepared from the germinal vesicle (GV) stage Siberian sturgeon oocytes prior to their use as nuclear donor for SCNT would improve in vitro development. A reversible permeability protocol with $4{\mu}g/mL$ of digitonin for 2 min at $4^{\circ}C$ in order to deliver Siberian sturgeon oocyte extract (SOE) to porcine fetal fibroblasts (PFFs) was carried out. As results, the intensity of H3K9ac staining in PFFs following treatment of SOE for 7 h at $18^{\circ}C$ was significantly increased but the intensity of H3K9me3 staining in PFFs was significantly decreased as compared with the control (p<0.05). Additionally, the level of histone acetylation in SCNT embryos at the zygote stage was significantly increased when reconstructed using SOE-treated cells (p<0.05), similar to that of IVF embryos at the zygote stage. The number of apoptotic cells was significantly decreased and pluripotency markers (Nanog, Oct4 and Sox2) were highly expressed in the blastocyst stage of SCNT embryos reconstructed using SOE-treated cells as nuclear donor (p<0.05). And there was observed a better development to the blastocyst stage in the SOE-treated group (p<0.05). Our results suggested that pre-treatment of cells with SOE could improve epigenetic reprogramming and the quality of porcine SCNT embryos.

Formation of Ag Nanostrings Induced by Lyotropic Liquid–Crystalline Phospholipid Multilayer

Kim, Suk J.,An, Hyeun H.,Lee, Seung J.,Lee, Jong H.,Kim, Young H.,Yoon, Chong S.,Suh, Sang H. American Chemical Society 2012 Langmuir Vol.28 No.1

<P>Morphological variation of the Ag nanoparticles embedded in a lyotropic phospholipid (1,2-dioleoyl-<I>sn</I>-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine, DOPE) membrane during hydration was investigated. Hydration at 5 °C resulted in transformation of the Ag nanoparticles into a bundle of Ag nanostrings as the Ag nanoparticles conformed to the H<SUB>II</SUB> phase of the DOPE molecules. Above 30 °C, the nanoparticles quickly coarsened into large polygonal-shaped particles since high mobility of the lipid molecules overwhelmed the tendency for the Ag nanoparticles to order. The result provided an insight into the long-term stability of nanoparticles trapped in different lipid membranes depending on the structural ordering of the molecules.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/langd5/2012/langd5.2012.28.issue-1/la203721c/production/images/medium/la-2011-03721c_0008.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/la203721c'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

촉매 지지체의 기공특성에 대한 가교제 및 용매의 효과

김광락,정흥석,강희석,이한수,안도희,백승우,이성호 한국공업화학회 1998 응용화학 Vol.2 No.2

Effect of cross-linking agent and solvent on pore characteristics of styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer was investigated experimentally. Influence of cross-linking agent on surface area of the polymeric support was dominant over all the others. Surface area and pore volume of the polymeric support were decreased and the second peak was shifted to large pore size in the pore size distribution with increasing the content of poor solvent in the solvent mixture. When toluene was used as a good solvent, and n-heptane as poor solvent, the optimum range of good/poor solvent ratio was 1.5∼0.7 for styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer of large surface and micropore area and pore volume.

트리튬 제거용 고분자 촉매의 열 안정성

강희석,이성호,김광락,안도희,이한수,정흥석,백승우 한국공업화학회 1999 응용화학 Vol.3 No.2

Pt/SDBC catalysts, which are used for the tritium removal process and the deuterium separation process, were prepared. Thermal studies have been carried out to investigate the thermal characteristics of SDBC and Pt/SDBC. The effect of crosslinking decree on thermal stability of the copolymers was studied. With an increase of DVB content in copolymers their thermal stability was slighty higher. The kind of treatment gases also affected the thermal characteristics of SDBC. The endothermic peak was shown at inert gas atmoshpere. However, the exothermic reaction was occurred under oxygen gas. The major differences of thermal characteristics were not shown in SDBC and platinum supported SDBC.

K _Ca 3.1 upregulation preserves endothelium‐dependent vasorelaxation during aging and oxidative stress

Choi, Shinkyu,Kim, Ji Aee,Li, Hai‐,yan,Shin, Kyong‐,Oh,Oh, Goo Taeg,Lee, Yong‐,Moon,Oh, Seikwan,Pewzner‐,Jung, Yael,Futerman, Anthony H.,Suh, Suk Hyo BLACKWELL PUBLISHING 2016 AGING CELL Vol.15 No.5

<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>Endothelial oxidative stress develops with aging and reactive oxygen species impair endothelium‐dependent relaxation (EDR) by decreasing nitric oxide (NO) availability. Endothelial K<SUB>Ca</SUB>3.1, which contributes to EDR, is upregulated by H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>. We investigated whether K<SUB>Ca</SUB>3.1 upregulation compensates for diminished EDR to NO during aging‐related oxidative stress. Previous studies identified that the levels of ceramide synthase 5 (CerS5), sphingosine, and sphingosine 1‐phosphate were increased in aged wild‐type and CerS2 mice. In primary mouse aortic endothelial cells (MAECs) from aged wild‐type and CerS2 null mice, superoxide dismutase (SOD) was upregulated, and catalase and glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) were downregulated, when compared to MAECs from young and age‐matched wild‐type mice. Increased H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> levels induced Fyn and extracellular signal‐regulated kinases (ERKs) phosphorylation and K<SUB>Ca</SUB>3.1 upregulation. Catalase/GPX1 double knockout (catalase<SUP>−/−</SUP>/GPX1<SUP>−/−</SUP>) upregulated K<SUB>Ca</SUB>3.1 in MAECs. NO production was decreased in aged wild‐type, CerS2 null, and catalase<SUP>−/−</SUP>/GPX1<SUP>−/−</SUP>MAECs. However, K<SUB>Ca</SUB>3.1 activation‐induced, NG‐nitro‐<SMALL>L</SMALL>‐arginine‐, and indomethacin‐resistant EDR was increased without a change in acetylcholine‐induced EDR in aortic rings from aged wild‐type, CerS2 null, and catalase<SUP>−/−</SUP>/GPX1<SUP>−/−</SUP> mice. CerS5 transfection or exogenous application of sphingosine or sphingosine 1‐phosphate induced similar changes in levels of the antioxidant enzymes and upregulated K<SUB>Ca</SUB>3.1. Our findings suggest that, during aging‐related oxidative stress, SOD upregulation and downregulation of catalase and GPX1, which occur upon altering the sphingolipid composition or acyl chain length, generate H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> and thereby upregulate K<SUB>Ca</SUB>3.1 expression and function via a H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>/Fyn‐mediated pathway. Altogether, enhanced K<SUB>Ca</SUB>3.1 activity may compensate for decreased NO signaling during vascular aging.</P>

초저온 증류공정의 트리튬 분리거동 해석

강희석,이성호,김광락,안도희,이한수,정흥석,백승우 한국공업화학회 1999 응용화학 Vol.3 No.2

Hydrogen isotopic separation by a cryogenic distillation process is an essential processing step in the tritium removal facility of the heavy water reactor. Analysis of cryogenic distillation as a method for accomplishing this separation was carried out using numerical methods to simulate the required multi-component separation of the six isotopic forms of molecular hydrogen. To prove the versatility of the computer program, parametic investigations to study the of effect of design and operating variables on the composition of the product stream were carried out for the case of separating hydrogen isotope.

The comparison of heat flux pattern on lower divertor in KSTAR

Bang, Eunnam,Hong, Suk-Ho,Bak, JunGyo,Kim, Kyungmin,Kim, Hongtack,Kim, Hakkun,Yang, H.L. Elsevier 2015 Fusion engineering and design Vol.98 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The heat flux in KSTAR is estimated for various discharge conditions by using thermocouple arrays. The heat flux on the divertor is higher than that on inboard limiter or passive stabilizer by a factor of 2. Although the plasma configuration in KSTAR has been set to a double-null configuration, the heat flux on lower divertor is higher than that on upper divertor by 3–8 times, indicating a lower-single-null-like configuration. It is observed that the operation of the in-vessel cryo-pump (IVCP) changes the heat flux pattern significantly: When the IVCP was not operated, the heat fluxes on inboard divertor (ID), central divertor (CD) and outboard divertor (OD) were similar, but when the IVCP was operated, the heat fluxes on ID and CD were increased slightly and that on OD was decreased by 2–3 times. The heat flux on divertor was decreased from 35 to 26kW/m<SUP>2</SUP> with the use of the resonant magnetic perturbation (RMP), especially that on CD was decreased by 2–4 times, while that on OD is increased by 2–3 times than without RMP. For the longest H-mode pulse of 22s shot, the heat flux on lower OD was 73kW/m<SUP>2</SUP>, which is the maximum heat flux among the shots obtained in 2013 campaign.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The heat flux on the lower divertor is higher than upper divertor. </LI> <LI> The heat flux on OD is decreased with IVCP. </LI> <LI> The heat flux on CD is decreased with RMP, but that on OD is increased. </LI> <LI> Because the strike point was shifted from CD toward OD due to the RMP. </LI> </UL> </P>

Effective charge separation in site-isolated Pt-nanodot deposited PbTiO₃ nanotube arrays for enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting

Ahn, Chang Won,Borse, Pramod H.,Kim, Ju Hun,Kim, Jae Young,Jang, Jum Suk,Cho, Chae-Ryong,Yoon, Jang-Hee,Lee, Byoung-seob,Bae, Jong-Seong,Kim, Hyun Gyu,Lee, Jae Sung Elsevier 2018 Applied Catalysis B Vol.224 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Highly uniform, self-supported PbTiO<SUB>3</SUB> nanotube arrays are fabricated on a transparent conducting glass by an all solution-based, hard-templating procedure. A new concept of site-isolation has been realized by Pt-sol infiltration only in the internal core of deposited nanotube arrays and thus physically separating electron and hole reaction sites on inside and external surface of the nanotubes, respectively. The effective charge separation by the site-isolated Pt-nanodot deposited PbTiO<SUB>3</SUB> nanotube photoanode leads to greatly enhanced photocurrent generation and H<SUB>2</SUB> evolution efficiencies relative to those of the particulate-type photoanode or PbTiO<SUB>3</SUB> nanotube without Pt infiltration in photoelectrochemical water splitting under visible light. The physical site isolation through nano-engineering of the material fabrication is expected to offer an effective strategy for preparation of high-efficiency photoelectrochemical devices.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Site-isolated Pt-dot@PbTiO<SUB>3</SUB> nanotube array is fabricated on FTO glass by an AAO templating method. </LI> <LI> It separates e<SUP>−</SUP> and h<SUP>+</SUP> reaction sites on inside and external surface of the nanotubes, respectively. </LI> <LI> The effective charge separation leads to greatly enhanced PEC water splitting activity. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Effect of Phytogenic Feed Additives in Soybean Meal on In vitro Swine Fermentation for Odor Reduction and Bacterial Community Comparison

Alam, M.J.,Mamuad, L.L.,Kim, S.H.,Jeong, C.D.,Sung, H.G.,Cho, S.B.,Jeon, C.O.,Lee, K.,Lee, Sang Suk Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2013 Animal Bioscience Vol.26 No.2

The effect of different phytogenic feed additives on reducing odorous compounds in swine was investigated using in vitro fermentation and analyzed their microbial communities. Soybean meal (1%) added with 0.1% different phytogenic feed additives (FA) were in vitro fermented using swine fecal slurries and anaerobically incubated for 12 and 24 h. The phytogenic FAs used were red ginseng barn powder (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer, FA1), persimmon leaf powder (Diospyros virginiana L., FA2), ginkgo leaf powder (Ginkgo biloba L., FA3), and oregano lippia seed oil extract (Lippia graveolens Kunth, OL, FA4). Total gas production, pH, ammonianitrogen ($NH_3$-N), hydrogen sulfide ($H_2S$), nitrite-nitrogen ($NO_2{^-}$-N), nitrate-nitrogen ($NO_3{^-}$-N), sulfate (${SO_4}^{--}$), volatile fatty acids (VFA) and other metabolites concentration were determined. Microbial communities were also analyzed using 16S rRNA DGGE. Results showed that the pH values on all treatments increased as incubation time became longer except for FA4 where it decreased. Moreover, FA4 incubated for 12 and 24 h was not detected in $NH_3$-N and $H_2S$. Addition of FAs decreased (p<0.05) propionate production but increased (p<0.05) the total VFA production. Ten 16S rRNA DGGE bands were identified which ranged from 96 to 100% identity which were mostly isolated from the intestine. Similarity index showed three clearly different clusters: I (FA2 and FA3), II (Con and FA1), and III (FA4). Dominant bands which were identified closest to Eubacterium limosum (ATCC 8486T), Uncultured bacterium clone PF6641 and Streptococcus lutetiensis (CIP 106849T) were present only in the FA4 treatment group and were not found in other groups. FA4 had a different bacterial diversity compared to control and other treatments and thus explains having lowest odorous compounds. Addition of FA4 to an enriched protein feed source for growing swine may effectively reduce odorous compounds which are typically associated with swine production.

Modification of argon impurity transport by electron cyclotron heating in KSTAR H-mode plasmas

Hong, Joohwan,Henderson, S.S.,Kim, Kimin,Seon, C.R.,Song, Inwoo,Lee, H.Y.,Jang, Juhyeok,Park, Jae Sun,Lee, S.G.,Lee, J.H.,Lee, Seung Hun,Hong, Suk-Ho,Choe, Wonho International Atomic Energy Agency 2017 Nuclear fusion Vol.57 No.3

<P>Experiments with a small amount of Ar gas injection as a trace impurity were conducted in the Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research (KSTAR) H-mode plasma (<img ALIGN='MIDDLE' ALT='${{B}_{\text{T}}}$ ' SRC='http://ej.iop.org/images/0029-5515/57/3/036028/nfaa5333ieqn001.gif'/>  =  2.8 T, <img ALIGN='MIDDLE' ALT='${{I}_{\text{P}}}$ ' SRC='http://ej.iop.org/images/0029-5515/57/3/036028/nfaa5333ieqn002.gif'/>  =  0.6 MA, and <img ALIGN='MIDDLE' ALT='${{P}_{\text{NBI}}}$ ' SRC='http://ej.iop.org/images/0029-5515/57/3/036028/nfaa5333ieqn003.gif'/>  =  4.0 MW). 170 GHz electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECH) at 600 and 800 kW was focused along the mid-plane with a fixed major radial position of <img ALIGN='MIDDLE' ALT='$R$ ' SRC='http://ej.iop.org/images/0029-5515/57/3/036028/nfaa5333ieqn004.gif'/>  =  1.66 m. The emissivity of the Ar<SUP>16+</SUP> (3.949 <img ALIGN='MIDDLE' ALT='${\mathring{\text{A}}}$ ' SRC='http://ej.iop.org/images/0029-5515/57/3/036028/nfaa5333ieqn005.gif'/>) and Ar<SUP>15+</SUP> (353.860 <img ALIGN='MIDDLE' ALT='${\mathring{\text{A}}}$ ' SRC='http://ej.iop.org/images/0029-5515/57/3/036028/nfaa5333ieqn006.gif'/>) spectral lines were measured by x-ray imaging crystal spectroscopy (XICS) and a vacuum UV (VUV) spectrometer, respectively. ECH reduces the peak Ar<SUP>15+</SUP> emission and increases the Ar<SUP>16+</SUP> emission, an effect largest with 800 kW. The ADAS-SANCO impurity transport code was used to evaluate the Ar transport coefficients. It was found that the inward convective velocity found in the plasma core without ECH was decreased with ECH, while diffusion remained approximately constant resulting in a less-peaked Ar density profile. Theoretical results from the NEO code suggest that neoclassical transport is not responsible for the change in transport, while the microstability analysis using GKW predicts a dominant ITG mode during both ECH and non-ECH plasmas.</P>