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- 저자 : Staley, Christopher (검색결과 5 건)
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Unno, Tatsuya,Staley, Christopher,Brown, Clairessa M.,Han, Dukki,Sadowsky, Michael J.,Hur, Hor‐,Gil BLACKWELL SCIENCE 2018 ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY Vol.20 No.9
<P>In this minireview, we expand upon traditional microbial source tracking (MST) methods by discussing two recently developed, next-generation-sequencing (NGS)-based MST approaches to identify sources of fecal pollution in recreational waters. One method defines operational taxonomic units (OTUs) that are specific to a fecal source, e.g., humans and animals or shared among multiple fecal sources to determine the magnitude and likely source association of fecal pollution. The other method uses SourceTracker, a program using a Bayesian algorithm, to determine which OTUs have contributed to an environmental community based on the composition of microbial communities in multiple fecal sources. Contemporary NGS-based MST tools offer a promising avenue to rapidly characterize fecal source contributions for water monitoring and remediation efforts at a broader and more efficient scale than previous molecular MST methods. However, both NGS methods require optimized sequence processing methodologies (e.g. quality filtering and clustering algorithms) and are influenced by primer selection for amplicon sequencing. Therefore, care must be taken when extrapolating data or combining datasets. Furthermore, traditional limitations of library-dependent MST methods, including differential decay of source material in environmental waters and spatiotemporal variation in source communities, remain to be fully understood. Nevertheless, increasing use of these methods, as well as expanding fecal taxon libraries representative of source communities, will help improve the accuracy of these methods and provide promising tools for future MST investigations.</P>
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Damage Characterization During Creep of Cu-1% Sb at 400℃
Lee, Yong-Ho,A. Saxena,J.T. Staley,S.R. Stock 弘益大學校 1988 弘大論叢 Vol.20 No.2
Cu-1wt.% Sb 합금으로 400℃에서 크리프 균열성장을 관찰하였다. 대부분의 구조용 합금과는 달리 Cu계는 극소의 제 2차 상을 함유한다. 그래서 이 계는 균열성장을 야기시키는 크리프 Damage 연구에 도움을 준다. Cu에 lwt.% Sb를 첨가하면, 실온에서 입계 파단으로 공동화 (Cavitiation)된 입계를 나타냄이 가능했다. 이와 같은 상은 크리프 균열성장이 진행되는 동안에 공동(Cavity)성장기구에 따른 Damage의 정량 특성화와 그 관찰이 용이하였다.
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Walid Shaib,Kavya Krishna,김성진,Michael Goodman,Jonathan Rock,Zhengjia Chen,Edith Brutcher,Charles III Staley,Shishir K. Maithel,Samih Abdel-Missih,Bassel F. El-Rayes,Tanios Bekaii-Saab 대한암학회 2016 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.48 No.2
Purpose Appendiceal tumors are a heterogeneous group of diseases that include typical neuroendocrine tumors (TNET), goblet cell carcinoids (GCC), and atypical GCC. Atypical GCC are classified into signet-ring cell cancers (SRCC) and poorly differentiated appendiceal adenocarcinoids. The prognosis and management of these diseases is unclear because there are no prospective studies. The aim of this study is to assess the characteristics and outcome of appendiceal TNET, GCC, and SRCC patients. Materials and Methods Appendiceal TNET, GCC, and SRCC patients diagnosed between 1973 and 2011 were identified in the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. Demographics, type of surgery, and clinicopathologic characteristics were collected. Survival functions were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method, and log-rank test was used to assess the difference in overall survival (OS) among the three histologies. Results The SEER database yielded 1,021 TNET patients, 1,582 with GCC, and 534 SRCC patients. TNET presented at a younger age (p < 0.001). Patients with SRCC presented with advanced stage disease (p < 0.001). The median OS (mOS) for GCC and TNET patients was not reached; mOS for SRCC was 24 months. Multivariate analysis stratified for stage revealed significantly longer survival for TNET and GCC than SRCC (p < 0.001). Conclusion This is the largest report to date for appendiceal neuroendocrine tumor patients, suggesting a spectrum of diseases with different characteristics and outcomes. In this report, we present a treatment approach for this complex spectrum of disease, based on the experience of Ohio State and Emory Universities investigators.
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Progressive NKCC1-Dependent Neuronal Chloride Accumulation during Neonatal Seizures.
Dzhala, Volodymyr I,Kuchibhotla, Kishore V,Glykys, Joseph C,Kahle, Kristopher T,Swiercz, Waldemar B,Feng, Guoping,Kuner, Thomas,Augustine, George J,Bacskai, Brian J,Staley, Kevin J The Society 2010 The Journal of neuroscience Vol.30 No.35
<P>Seizures induce excitatory shifts in the reversal potential for GABA(A)-receptor-mediated responses, which may contribute to the intractability of electro-encephalographic seizures and preclude the efficacy of widely used GABAergic anticonvulsants such as phenobarbital. We now report that, in intact hippocampi prepared from neonatal rats and transgenic mice expressing Clomeleon, recurrent seizures progressively increase the intracellular chloride concentration ([Cl(-)](i)) assayed by Clomeleon imaging and invert the net effect of GABA(A) receptor activation from inhibition to excitation assayed by the frequency of action potentials and intracellular Ca(2+) transients. These changes correlate with increasing frequency of seizure-like events and reduction in phenobarbital efficacy. The Na(+)-K(+)-2Cl(-) (NKCC1) cotransporter blocker bumetanide inhibited seizure-induced neuronal Cl(-) accumulation and the consequent facilitation of recurrent seizures. Our results demonstrate a novel mechanism by which seizure activity leads to [Cl(-)](i) accumulation, thereby increasing the probability of subsequent seizures. This provides a potential mechanism for the early crescendo phase of neonatal seizures.</P>
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