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Status, Trend and Strategy on Municipal Wastewater Management in China
Wang Baozhen,Wang Lin,Liu Shuo,Wang Li,Wang Zheng 한국습지학회 2007 한국습지학회지 Vol.9 No.1
The rapid development of economy in China at the expense of consuming huge amount of energy and resources, water resource in particular, which has resulted in the production and discharge of increasing amount of wastewater to the water environment. In order to effectively control the increasing water pollution trend, the State Council has stipulated that all the cities with population over 500,000 should reach wastewater treatment rate of 60% by 2005, and all the cities should reach the rate of 60% by 2010, of which Capital Beijing and all the province capital cities and important tourism cities should reach 70% then. By the end of 2005, of the 661 cities in China, 393 have built and operated municipal wastewater treatments with a total number of 790 sets, total treatment capacity of 80.91×106 m3/d and total treatment rate of > 48%. Other 73 cities have started the construction of municipal wastewater treatment plants, and other 168 cities have started to prepare, planning and design of wastewater treatment plants. Most of municipal wastewater treatment plants in big cities in China operate normally and perform well with good quality of effluent in terms of wastewater treatment train, but the sewage sludge treatment is usually poor with big problems. It has been found that the small scale WWTPs using activated sludge process in the towns are usually operated and maintained abnormally because of lack of fund, skilled operators and energy. It is therefore suggested that the small scale MWWTPs in small cities and towns adopt appropriate technologies, of which the most available ones are multi-stage ponds, constructed wetlands and the combination of them for further purification and reuse of treated wastewater.
Grey fuzzy PI control for packing pressure during injection molding process
Shuo Wang,Ji Ying,Zichen Chen,Kan Cai 대한기계학회 2011 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.25 No.4
This study presents a grey fuzzy PI (GFPI) controller for packing pressure control during the injection process. The novel controller was designed for solving the problems of large overshoot, static error, and long delay time on servo motor-driven injection molding machines. Based on reasonable assumptions, a mathematical model of injection system was established. According to the nonlinear, severe interferences, and long delay time characteristics in injection process, this paper integrates predictive grey system, robust fuzzy ratiocination,and PI control. Using these mathematical model and control algorithms, a GFPI controller is implemented into an MCU using C programming techniques. The integral discrete PID controller and solid fuzzy controller were realized for contrast experiments. The experimental results show that GFPI controller had better performance on reducing overshoot and static error, increasing both response rate and repeatable accuracy. Such a developed technology would provide helpful references for designing the controller of energy-saving servo motor-driven injection molding equipment.
Shuo Kang,Zhikui Yu,Qirong Tian,Minghui Tai,Jiaoying Wang,Dalai Jin,Longcheng Wang 대한금속·재료학회 2022 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.18 No.6
In this work, YBO3phosphors doped with Ln3+(Ce3+, Tb3+,Eu3+)ions were synthesized by a facile hydrothermal methodusing high temperature and high pressure environment. Structural property characterizations show all the samples have asimilar spherical morphology and a hexagonal crystal structure with good crystallinity. PL spectra and CIE calculation showthat the color of phosphors can be easily controlled by the species and atomic content of Ln3+ions. White color is achievedas the atomic contents of Ln3+ions are: 1% Ce3+,3% Tb3+,and 0.5% Eu3+,respectively. Furthermore, LED devices basedon ultraviolet chip were fabricated and characterized, and the results clearly demonstrated the tunable color of as-preparedphosphors. At the same time, co-doping Ce3+,Tb3+,and Eu3+ions can well adjust the fluorescence lifetime of the threerare earth ions through energy transfer. These results show that the phosphor has broad application prospects in the field ofdisplay lighting such as LED.
Shuo Wang,Huihui Ding,Yishi Zhao,Yonggui Li,Wei Wang 한국섬유공학회 2020 Fibers and polymers Vol.21 No.2
The protective textile was successfully prepared using N-doped TiO2 (N-TiO2) embedded citral microcapsule coating. N-TiO2 loaded citral microcapsules were synthesized through interfacial polymerization. Results showed the average diameter of N-TiO2 loaded citral microcapsule with core/shell (Mcitral : MHDI) 2:1 was 1.069 μm. Its encapsulation efficiency was 75.63 %. The citral content from finished cotton fabric measured by gas chromatography was up to 2.90 mg/g (weight of essence: weight of fabric). The essence release content of citral was nearly 50 % of their aroma after 12 weeks, exhibiting good physical function for air purification. Additionally, aromatic textile coated with N-TiO2 embedded citral microcapsules also exhibited photocatalytic activity for the degradation of formaldehyde under visible light irradiation. This functionalfabric would have potential applications in the air purification filed due to the chemical and physical dual effect.
Shuo Wang,Jiangfeng Xu,Fangzhou Wang,Shenshen Ruan 한국펄프·종이공학회 2020 펄프.종이기술 Vol.52 No.2
In the printing process, the surface of the outer package printed matter is prone to defects such as chromatic aberration and misting, leading to a defective product. It is necessary to take an effective method to identify and detect surface defects in printed matter. In this paper, the application of machine vision technology in the detection of defects in outer package was studied. Firstly, a machine vision image acquisition device based on charge coupled device (CCD) camera was designed; secondly, the obtained image was processed by graying the average method, then OTSU binarization was performed after denoising by median filtering, and finally an improved differential matching method was designed for defect detection. The example analysis showed that the clear defect image of the outer package could be obtained by using the method proposed in this paper. The detection rate of the method in detecting 2,000 images reached 99.4%, and the average detection time was 103 ms. In the detection of 5,000 images, the detection rate of the manual detection method was 81%, but the detection rate of the method proposed in this paper was 99.1%. The experimental results proved the reliability of the method and provided some theoretical basis for the further application of defect detection technology based on machine vision in the print industry, which was conducive to the good development of the print industry.
CNN based data anomaly detection using multi-channel imagery for structural health monitoring
Shuo Wang,Shaik Althaf V. Shajihan,Guanghao Zhai,Billie F. Spencer Jr 국제구조공학회 2022 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.29 No.1
Data-driven structural health monitoring (SHM) of civil infrastructure can be used to continuously assess the state of a structure, allowing preemptive safety measures to be carried out. Long-term monitoring of large-scale civil infrastructure often involves data-collection using a network of numerous sensors of various types. Malfunctioning sensors in the network are common, which can disrupt the condition assessment and even lead to false-negative indications of damage. The overwhelming size of the data collected renders manual approaches to ensure data quality intractable. The task of detecting and classifying an anomaly in the raw data is non-trivial. We propose an approach to automate this task, improving upon the previously developed technique of image-based pre-processing on one-dimensional (1D) data by enriching the features of the neural network input data with multiple channels. In particular, feature engineering is employed to convert the measured time histories into a 3-channel image comprised of (i) the time history, (ii) the spectrogram, and (iii) the probability density function representation of the signal. To demonstrate this approach, a CNN model is designed and trained on a dataset consisting of acceleration records of sensors installed on a long-span bridge, with the goal of fault detection and classification. The effect of imbalance in anomaly patterns observed is studied to better account for unseen test cases. The proposed framework achieves high overall accuracy and recall even when tested on an unseen dataset that is much larger than the samples used for training, offering a viable solution for implementation on full-scale structures where limited labeled-training data is available.
Compression-Friendly Low Power Test Application Based on Scan Slices Reusing
Wang Weizheng,Wang JinCheng,Cai Shuo,Su Wei,Xiang Lingyun 대한전자공학회 2016 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.16 No.4
This paper presents a compression-friendly low power test scheme in EDT environment. The proposed approach exploits scan slices reusing to reduce the switching activity during shifting for test scheme based on linear decompressor. To avoid the impact on encoding efficiency from resulting control data, a counter is utilized to generate control signals. Experimental results obtained for some larger ISCAS’89 and ITC’99 benchmark circuits illustrate that the proposed test application scheme can improve significantly the encoding efficiency of linear decompressor.