Desmids (Chlorophyceae, Conjugales, Desmidiaceae) from Foothills of Western Himalaya, India

Shukla, Sunil Kumar,Shukla, Chandra Prakash,Misra, Pradeep Kumar The Korean Society of Phycology 2008 ALGAE Vol.23 No.1

Forty-eight taxa of desmids belonging to Class Chlorophyceae (Order - Conjugales, Family - Desmidiaceae), collected from different aquatic habitats of Lalkuan, Kathgodam and Pantnagar areas of Uttaranchal state and Pilibheet district of Uttar Pradesh, which are regions of foothills of Western Himalaya, have been described. These taxa belongs to 5 genera viz. Closterium Nitzsch (6 spp., 5 var., and 2 forma), Euastrum Ehrenberg (1 var.), Staurastrum Meyen (2 spp., 1 var., 1 forma), Cosmarium Corda ex Ralfs (19 spp. and 10 var.), Pleurotaenium Naegeli (1 sp.). Staurastrum pseudopachyrhyncum Wolle (1884) is new record for desmid flora of India.

Slant Submanifolds of (LCS)_n-manifolds

Shukla, Shiv Sharma,Shukla, Mukesh Kumar,Prasad, Rajendra Department of Mathematics 2014 Kyungpook mathematical journal Vol.54 No.4

In this article, we study slant and semi-slant submanifolds of $(LCS)_n$-manifolds. Integrability conditions of distributions involved in definition of semi-slant submanifolds of a $(LCS)_n$-manifold have been obtained.

A complete 3D map of Bell Glasstone spatial correction factors for BRAHMMA subcritical core

Shukla Shefali,Roy Tushar,Kashyap Yogesh,Shukla Mayank,Singh Prashant 한국원자력학회 2022 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.54 No.9

Accelerator driven subcritical systems have long been discussed as facilities which can be used for solving the nuclear waste problem. The physics of these systems is very different from conventional reactors and new techniques had to be developed for reactivity monitoring. One such technique is the Area Ratio Method which studies the response of a subcritical system upon insertion of a large number of neutron pulses. An issue associated with this technique is the spatial dependence of measured reactivity which is intrinsic to the sub criticality of the system since the reactor does not operate on the fundamental mode and measured reactivity depends on the detector position. This is generally addressed by defining Bell-Glasstone spatial correction factor. This factor upon multiplication with measured reactivity gives the correct reactivity which is independent of detector location. Monte Carlo Methods are used for evaluating these factors. This paper presents a complete three dimensional map of spatial correction factors for BRAHMMA subcritical system. In addition, the dataset obtained also helps in identifying detector locations where the correction factor is close to unity, thereby implying no correction if the detector is used at those locations. © 2022 Korean Nuclear Society, Publish

The Aqueous Extract of Withania coagulans Fruit Partially Reverses Nicotinamide/Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes Mellitus in Rats

Kirtikar Shukla,Piyush Dikshit,Rimi Shukla,Jasvinder K. Gambhir 한국식품영양과학회 2012 Journal of medicinal food Vol.15 No.8

Withania coagulans fruit has been shown to possess antihyperglycemic properties and is used in the traditional Indian system of medicine. However, there has no systematic study of its mechanism of action. In a rat model diabetes mellitus (DM) was induced by intraperitoneal injection of nicotinamide (230 mg/kg of body weight) followed by streptozotocin at 55 mg/kg of body weight. After 96 h, mildly diabetic (MD) (fasting plasma glucose [FPG] = 7–11.1 mmol/L) and severely diabetic (SD) (FPG > 11.1 mmol/L) rats were treated with aqueous extract of W. coagulans fruit at doses of 125, 250,and 500 mg/kg of body weight/day orally. FPG, postprandial plasma glucose (PPPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c),plasma insulin, tissue glycogen, and glucose-metabolizing enzymes were assayed at Day 30. Treatment of diabetic animals (MD and SD) with different doses of aqueous W. coagulans resulted in significantly decreased FPG, PPPG, and HbA1c (P < .01), whereas serum insulin increased significantly compared with that in diabetic-untreated rats (P < .01). MD and SD animals treated with aqueous W. coagulans also showed significant increases in liver and muscle glycogen compared with diabetic-untreated animals (P < .01). Moreover, activities of glucokinase and phosphofructokinase were also significantly increased (P < .01), whereas glucose-6-phosphatase activity was significantly decreased (P < .01) in MD and SD groups treated with aqueous W. coagulans compared with diabetic-untreated groups. The most effective dose of aqueous W. coagulans was 250 mg/kg of body weight. These results show that the aqueous extract of W. coagulans fruit has significant antihyperglycemic effects, which may be through the modulation of insulin levels and related enzyme activities.

Desmids (Chlorophyceae, Conjugales, Desmidiaceae) from Foothills of Western Himalaya, India

Sunil Kumar Shukla,Pradeep Kumar Misra,Chandra Prakash Shukla 한국조류학회I 2008 ALGAE Vol.23 No.1

Forty-eight taxa of desmids belonging to Class Chlorophyceae (Order - Conjugales, Family - Desmidiaceae), collected from different aquatic habitats of Lalkuan, Kathgodam and Pantnagar areas of Uttaranchal state and Pilibheet district of Uttar Pradesh, which are regions of foothills of Western Himalaya, have been described. These taxa belongs to 5 genera viz. Closterium Nitzsch (6 spp., 5 var., and 2 forma), Euastrum Ehrenberg (1 var.), Staurastrum Meyen (2 spp., 1 var., 1 forma), Cosmarium Corda ex Ralfs (19 spp. and 10 var.), Pleurotaenium Naegeli (1 sp.). Staurastrum pseudopachyrhyncum Wolle (1884) is new record for desmid flora of India.

Minimization of ripples in stator current and torque of PMSM drive using advanced predictive current controller based on deadbeat control theory

Shukla, Suryakant,Sreejeth, Mini,Singh, Madhusudan The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2021 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.21 No.1

An advanced predictive current controller (APCC) based on deadbeat (DB) control theory for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drives is proposed in this paper, where the optimum voltage vector is computed offline by solving an optimization problem. The optimum voltage vector along with a zero-voltage vector (ZVV) is applied to the motor under steady state condition to minimize ripples in the stator current. To achieve a fast dynamic response during the transient state, the voltage vector having the largest magnitude is applied for the complete duration of the control cycle. The phase of the voltage-vector is synchronized to control the components of the stator-current in a DB manner. In previously reported control methods, the two best voltage vectors (BVVs) are selected through enumeration and two independent duty ratios are calculated. However, this increases the computation complexity and computational time. The proposed APCC employs a novel approach in calculating the stator current references of PMSM using maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) control. The effectiveness of the proposed APCC is investigated and compared with some recently reported predictive current controllers. The APCC improves the performance of PMSM drive under steady and transient operation with lower total harmonics distortion (THD) of the stator current and better torque dynamics.

Combining activated sludge process with membrane separation to obtain recyclable quality water from paper mill effluent

Shukla, S. K.,Kumar, V.,Doan, T.,Yoo, K.,Kim, Y.,Park, J. Springer Science + Business Media 2015 CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY Vol.17 No.3

An analytical expression for the dynamic active thrust from c-φ soil backfill on retaining walls with wall friction and adhesion

Shukla, Sanjay K.,Bathurst, Richard J. Techno-Press 2012 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.4 No.3

This paper presents the derivation of an analytical expression for the dynamic active thrust from c-${\phi}$ (c = cohesion, ${\phi}$ = angle of shearing resistance) soil backfill on rigid retaining walls with wall friction and adhesion. The derivation uses the pseudo-static approach considering tension cracks in the backfill, a uniform surcharge on the backfill, and horizontal and vertical seismic loadings. The development of an explicit analytical expression for the critical inclination of the failure plane within the soil backfill is described. It is shown that the analytical expression gives the same results for simpler special cases previously reported in the literature.

PLASMA CONCENTRATION OF L. THYROXINE (T₄). L. TRIIODOTHYRONINE (T₃) AND CERTAIN OTHER BLOOD BIOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS IN GROWING CROSSBRED (B0S taurus × B0S indicus) CALVES

Shukla, D.C.,Varshney, V.P.,Gupta, P.S.P.,Mahapatro, B.B. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1994 Animal Bioscience Vol.7 No.1

The relationship of thyroid status and certain blood biochemical constituents with body weight gains (ADG) and age (13 to 96 weeks) was studied in Holstein Friesian ${\times}$ Hariana ($1/2F{\times}1/2H$) crossbred male calves by assessing their plasma triiodo thyronine ($T_3$), Thyroxine ($T_4$), sodium, potassium, total proteins and cholesterol level at two energy levels. Body weight gains (ADG) were higher during the 50 to 72 weeks of age and declined thereafter, the plasma $T_3$ conc. was aignificantly (p < 0.01) higher during this period compared to all other periods. There was no significant variation due to energy level. Overall mean plasma $T_3$ conc. was $1.19{\pm}0.12ng/ml$. Plasma $T_4$ conc. did not show any significant variation either between the different age periods or between the two energy levels. The mean plasma $T_4$ conc. was $37.34{\pm}1.32ng/ml$. The plasma sodium and potassium concentration did not vary significantly due to energy levels. But amongst the different age periods, sodium concentration was highest ($147.70{\pm}2.29mEq/L$) during 49-60 weeks of age and lowest ($134.70{\pm}1.78mEq/L$) during 13-24 weeks, where as for potassium concentration changes were nonsignificant. There was very little variation amongst other periods. Plasma protein level was higher at 100% energy level than at 75%. Amongst the different age period, it was significantly lower ($6.44{\pm}0.36$) during 13 to 24 weeks of age than at 37 to 48 weeks of age ($7.14{\pm}0.11$). Plasma cholesterol values were higher for 75% energy level than that of 100%. Between the periods it was highest during 61 to 72 weeks of age and the difference amongst the age period were highly significant.

Synergistic Effect of Essential Oils and Enterocin Produced by Enterococcus faecalis MSW5 against Foodborne Pathogens

Shukla Mansi,Gupte Shilpa 한국미생물·생명공학회 2024 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.52 No.1

This study determines the combinatorial effect of enterocin MSW5 and five essential oils (EOs- Thymus vulgaris, Cymbopogon martini, Origanum vulgare, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, and Cymbopogon citrus) against Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella Typhimurium. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of each antimicrobial agent was determined. The MIC of enterocin MSW5 against test pathogens was in the following order: S. aureus (0.362 ± 0.01), S. Typhimurium (0.362 ± 0.05 mg/ml), L. monocytogenes (0.725 ± 0.08 mg/ml). Among all EOs, maximum activity was observed in the case of C. zeylanicum against S. aureus (78.12 ± 0.04 ppm), S. Typhimurium (78.12 ± 0.08 ppm), and L. monocytogenes (39.00 ± 0.05 ppm). Further, the checkerboard assay was used to determine the synergistic effect between antimicrobial agents and enterocin MSW5 in combination with C. zeylanicum has shown significant synergism with the Fraction Inhibitory Concentration index (0.372) against test pathogens. Additionally, individual EOs and enterocin MSW5 have shown anti-biofilm activity, whereas their combined use has shown more significant antibiofilm activity. The maximum anti-biofilm activity was observed with the combination of enterocin MSW5 and O. vulgares against S. aureus (92.86 ± 0.06%) and S. Typhimurium (73.63 ± 0.23%) and a combination of enterocin MSW5 and C. citrus against L. monocytogenes (87.84 ± 0.15%). Therefore, combinations of antimicrobial compounds can control the growth of foodborne pathogens better than the individual agent.