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Formation of Vertically Aligned Cobalt Silicide Nanowire Arrays Through a Solid-State Reaction
Seulah Lee,Jaehong Yoon,Bonwoong Koo,Dong Hoon Shin,Ja Hoon Koo,Cheol Jin Lee,Young-Woon Kim,Hyungjun Kim,Taeyoon Lee IEEE 2013 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NANOTECHNOLOGY Vol.12 No.5
<P>We report for the first time synthesis of high-density arrays of vertically well-aligned cobalt monosilicide (CoSi) nanowires (NWs) in a large area via a solid-state reaction. The vertical arrays of 1-μm-long Si NWs were first grown on a p-type (1 0 0) Si substrate by the aqueous electroless etching (AEE) method, and a 40-nm-thick Co layer was conformally deposited using a thermal atomic layer deposition system as revealed by SEM and transmission electron microscope analyses. The rapid thermal annealing process was carried out at various temperatures ranging from 700 to 1000 °C; the X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed that the polycrystalline CoSi NW arrays were formed at temperatures above 900 °C. The required high driving force for this silicide formation can be attributed to the significant amounts of oxygen-related contaminants at the defect sites of the highly rough surfaces of AEE-grown Si NWs. To demonstrate practical applications, field emitters and Schottky diodes were fabricated using the vertically aligned CoSi NW arrays. The field emission measurements showed a turn-on field of 10.9 V/μm and a field enhancement factor of 328, indicating the feasibility of vertically aligned CoSi NW arrays as promising field emitters. For the Schottky diodes, the measured Schottky barrier height was 0.52 eV and the estimated ideality factor obtained from the I-V characteristic curves was 2.28.</P>
Seulah Lee,Rhim Ryoo,Jin Hee Choi,Jeong‑Han Kim,Seon‑Hee Kim,Ki Hyun Kim 대한약학회 2020 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.43 No.2
Gymnopilus junonius (Fr.) P. D. Orton (Cortinariaceae)is a hallucinogenic mushroom, a well-knownpoisonous mushroom that is widely known as "big laughtermushroom" because it causes excessive laughter in thosewho consume it. Chemical investigation of G. junoniusfruiting bodies was performed, resulting in the isolationand structural identification of three sesquiterpenes (1−3),including a new trichothecene sesquiterpene (2) and a newtremulane sesquiterpene (3). Compound 1 was identifiedfrom G. junonius for the first time. The chemical structuresof the new compounds were established by detailed analysisof 1D and 2D (1H–1H correlated spectroscopy [COSY],heteronuclear single quantum coherence [HSQC], and heteronuclearmultiple-bond coherence [HMBC]) nuclear magneticresonance (NMR) spectra, and high-resolution massspectrometry (HRMS). In particular, the absolute configurationsof compounds 2 and 3 were unambiguously determinedby quantum chemical electronic circular dichroism (ECD)calculations. The isolated compounds (1−3) were evaluated for their cytotoxic effects on human lung and prostate cancercell lines where trichothecene sesquiterpenes (1 and 2)showed remarkable cytotoxicity similar to that of the controldrug, i.e., doxorubicin. Our findings provide experimentalevidence suggesting the potential anti-cancer effects of trichothecenesesquiterpenes from a poisonous mushroom.
Kim, Seulah,Shin, Seulmee,Hyun, Bobae,Kong, Hyunseok,Han, Shinha,Lee, Aeri,Lee, Seungjeong,Kim, Kyungjae The Korean Association of Immunobiologists 2012 Immune Network Vol.12 No.5
Dioscoreae Rhizome (DR) has been used in traditional medicine to treat numerous diseases and is reported to have anti-diabetes and anti-tumor activities. To identify a bioactive traditional medicine with anti-inflammatory activity of a water extract of DR (EDR), we determined the mRNA and protein levels of proinflammatory cytokines in macrophages through RT-PCR and western blot analysis and performed a FACS analysis for measuring surface molecules. EDR dose-dependently decreased the production of NO and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, TNF-${\alpha}$, and $PGE_2$, as well as mRNA levels of iNOS, COX-2, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, as determined by western blot and RT-PCR analysis, respectively. The expression of co-stimulatory molecules such as B7-1 and B7-2 was also reduced by EDR. Furthermore, activation of the nuclear transcription factor, NF-${\kappa}B$, but not that of IL-4 and IL-10, in macrophages was inhibited by EDR. These results show that EDR decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines via inhibition of NF-${\kappa}B$-dependent inflammatory protein level, suggesting that EDR could be a useful immunomodulatory agent for treating immunological diseases.
High dose tetrabromobisphenol A impairs hippocampal neurogenesis and memory retention
Kim, Ah Hyun,Chun, Hye Jeong,Lee, Seulah,Kim, Hyung Sik,Lee, Jaewon Pergamon 2017 Food and Chemical Toxicology Vol. No.
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) is a brominated flame retardant that is commonly used in commercial and household products, such as, computers, televisions, mobile phones, and electronic boards. TBBPA can accumulate in human body fluids, and it has been reported that TBBPA possesses endocrine disruptive activity. However, the neurotoxic effect of TBBPA on hippocampal neurogenesis has not yet been investigated. Accordingly, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of TBBPA on adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive function. Male C57BL/6 mice were orally administrated vehicle or TBBPA (20 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, or 500 mg/kg daily) for two weeks. TBBPA was observed to significantly and dose-dependently reduce the survival of newly generated cells in the hippocampus but not to affect the proliferation of newly generated cells. Numbers of hippocampal BrdU and NeuN positive cells were dose-dependently reduced by TBBPA, indicating impaired neurogenesis in the hippocampus. Interestingly, glial activation without neuronal death was observed in hippocampi exposed to TBBPA. Furthermore, memory retention was found to be adversely affected by TBBPA exposure by a mechanism involving suppression of the BDNF-CREB signaling pathway. The study suggests high dose TBBPA disrupts hippocampal neurogenesis and induces associated memory deficits.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> TBBPA decreases the hippocampal neurogenesis without affecting proliferation of NPCs. </LI> <LI> TBBPA causes glial activation without affecting neuronal loss. </LI> <LI> TBBPA impairs memory retention. </LI> <LI> TBBPA reduces BDNF-CREB signaling. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Graphene quantum dots prevent α-synucleinopathy in Parkinson’s disease
Kim, Donghoon,Yoo, Je Min,Hwang, Heehong,Lee, Junghee,Lee, Su Hyun,Yun, Seung Pil,Park, Myung Jin,Lee, MinJun,Choi, Seulah,Kwon, Sang Ho,Lee, Saebom,Kwon, Seung-Hwan,Kim, Sangjune,Park, Yong Joo,Kinos Nature Publishing Group 2018 Nature nanotechnology Vol.13 No.9
Kim, Seulah,Shin, Seulmee,Hyun, Bobae,Kong, Hyunseok,Han, Shinha,Lee, Aeri,Lee, Seungjeong,Kim, Kyungjae 대한면역학회 2012 Immune Network Vol.12 No.5
Dioscoreae Rhizome (DR) has been used in traditional medicine to treat numerous diseases and is reported to have anti-diabetes and anti-tumor activities. To identify a bioactive traditional medicine with anti-inflammatory activity of a water extract of DR (EDR), we determined the mRNA and protein levels of proinflammatory cytokines in macrophages through RT-PCR and western blot analysis and performed a FACS analysis for measuring surface molecules. EDR dose-dependently decreased the production of NO and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and PGE<sub>2</sub>, as well as mRNA levels of iNOS, COX-2, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, as determined by western blot and RT-PCR analysis, respectively. The expression of co-stimulatory molecules such as B7-1 and B7-2 was also reduced by EDR. Furthermore, activation of the nuclear transcription factor, NF-κB , but not that of IL-4 and IL-10, in macrophages was inhibited by EDR. These results show that EDR decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines via inhibition of NF-κB -dependent inflammatory protein level, suggesting that EDR could be a useful immunomodulatory agent for treating immunological diseases.
( Seulah Lee ),( Min-ji Kim ),( Bum Soo Lee ),( Rhim Ryoo ),( Hye Kyung Kim ),( Ki Hyun Kim ) 한국균학회 2020 Mycobiology Vol.48 No.2
Calvatia nipponica, a puffball mushroom (Agaricaceae), is thought to be an aphrodisiac, as this mushroom is traditionally known to improve sexual function in males. As part of the systematic study to determine the bioactive secondary metabolites from C. nipponica responsible for aphrodisiac effects, chemical analysis of methanol (MeOH) extracts of the fruiting bodies of C. nipponica resulted in the isolation of two major compounds: N,Ndimethyl- anthranilic acid (1) and (7Z,10Z)-7,10-octadecadienoic acid methyl ester (2). Compounds 1 and 2 were evaluated for cumulative dose-dependent relaxation responses to precontracted penile corpus smooth muscle (PCCSM). Results show that compounds 1 and 2 exhibited a maximum relaxation effect of 20.33 ± 2.18% and 24.63 ± 3.60%, respectively. These findings indicate that compounds 1 and 2, major components of C. nipponica, could potentially be used to treat erectile dysfunction, functioning as natural aphrodisiacs.