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Kim, Kyoung-Han,Kim, Yun Hye,Son, Joe Eun,Lee, Ju Hee,Kim, Sarah,Choe, Min Seon,Moon, Joon Ho,Zhong, Jian,Fu, Kiya,Lenglin, Florine,Yoo, Jeong-Ah,Bilan, Philip J,Klip, Amira,Nagy, Andras,Kim, Jae-Ryon Nature Publishing Group 2017 Cell research Vol.27 No.11
<P>Intermittent fasting (IF), a periodic energy restriction, has been shown to provide health benefits equivalent to prolonged fasting or caloric restriction. However, our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of IF-mediated metabolic benefits is limited. Here we show that isocaloric IF improves metabolic homeostasis against diet-induced obesity and metabolic dysfunction primarily through adipose thermogenesis in mice. IF-induced metabolic benefits require fasting-mediated increases of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in white adipose tissue (WAT). Furthermore, periodic adipose-VEGF overexpression could recapitulate the metabolic improvement of IF in non-fasted animals. Importantly, fasting and adipose-VEGF induce alternative activation of adipose macrophage, which is critical for thermogenesis. Human adipose gene analysis further revealed a positive correlation of adipose VEGF-M2 macrophage-WAT browning axis. The present study uncovers the molecular mechanism of IF-mediated metabolic benefit and suggests that isocaloric IF can be a preventive and therapeutic approach against obesity and metabolic disorders.</P>
Kim, Hangun,Han, Jeong-Ran,Park, Jaejun,Oh, Minsoo,James, Sarah E,Chang, Sunghoe,Lu, Qun,Lee, Kwang Youl,Ki, Hyunkyoung,Song, Woo-Joo,Kim, Kwonseop American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bi 2008 The Journal of biological chemistry Vol.283 No.2
<P>Delta-catenin was first identified through its interaction with Presenilin-1 and has been implicated in the regulation of dendrogenesis and cognitive function. However, the molecular mechanisms by which delta-catenin promotes dendritic morphogenesis were unclear. In this study, we demonstrated delta-catenin interaction with p190RhoGEF, and the importance of Akt1-mediated phosphorylation at Thr-454 residue of delta-catenin in this interaction. We have also found that delta-catenin overexpression decreased the binding between p190RhoGEF and RhoA, and significantly lowered the levels of GTP-RhoA but not those of GTP-Rac1 and -Cdc42. Delta-catenin T454A, a defective form in p190RhoGEF binding, did not decrease the binding between p190RhoGEF and RhoA. Delta-catenin T454A also did not lower GTP-RhoA levels and failed to induce dendrite-like process formation in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts. Furthermore, delta-catenin T454A significantly reduced the length and number of mature mushroom shaped spines in primary hippocampal neurons. These results highlight signaling events in the regulation of delta-catenin-induced dendrogenesis and spine morphogenesis.</P>
Kim, Sarah,Kim, Sang-Mook,Park, Hyeong-Ho,Choi, Dae-Geun,Jung, Jae-Woo,Jeong, Jun Ho,Jeong, Jong-Ryul Optical Society of America 2012 Optics express Vol.20 No.5
<P>We describe the fabrication of corrugated inorganic oxide surface via direct single step conformal nanoimprinting to achieve enhanced light extraction in light emitting diodes (LEDs). Nanoscale zinc oxide (ZnO) and indium tin oxide (ITO) corrugated layer were created on a nonplanar GaN LED surface including metal electrode using ultraviolet (UV) assisted conformal nanoimprinting and subsequent inductively coupled plasma reactive ion etching (ICP-RIE) treatment. The total output powers of the surface corrugated LEDs increased by 45.6% for the patterned sapphire substrate LED and 41.9% for the flat c-plane substrate LED without any degradation of the electrical characteristics. The role of the nanoscale corrugations on the light extraction efficiency enhancement was examined using 3-dimensional finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) analysis. It was found that light scattering by subwavelength scale surface corrugation plays important role to redirect the trapped light into radiative modes. This straightforward inorganic oxide imprint method with inherent flexibility provides an efficient way to generate nanoscale surface textures for the production of high power LEDs and optoelectronic devices.</P>
Kim, Youngrae,Kim, Sarah Eunkyung The Korean Ceramic Society 2012 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.49 No.5
Nitrogen-incorporated $SnO_2$ thin films were deposited by rf magnetron sputtering. Comparative structural, electrical and optical studies of thin films deposited by sputtering of the Sn metallic target and sputtering of the $SnO_2$ ceramic target were conducted. The $SnO_2$ thin films deposited by sputtering of the Sn metallic target had a higher electrical conductivity due to a higher carrier concentration than those by sputtering of the $SnO_2$ ceramic target. Structurally the $SnO_2$ thin films deposited by sputtering of the $SnO_2$ ceramic target had a better crystallinity and a larger grain size. This study confirmed that there were distinct and clear differences in electrical, structural, and optical characteristics between $SnO_2$ thin films deposited by reactive sputtering of the Sn metallic target and by direct sputtering of the $SnO_2$ ceramic target.
Kim, Sarah,Kim, Chul-Hyun,Lee, Sang Kyu,Jeong, Jun-Ho,Lee, Jihye,Jin, Sung-Ho,Shin, Won Suk,Song, Chang Eun,Choi, Jun-Hyuk,Jeong, Jong-Ryul The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013 Chemical communications Vol.49 No.54
<P>A highly uniform and predesigned ZnO nanostructure fabricated by single step direct nanoimprinting was used as the efficient electron transport layer (ETL) in inverted bulk heterojunction organic solar cells. Improved photovoltaic cell efficiency with long-term stability can be observed due to the large interface between the active layer and nanostructured ZnO ETL.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Highly uniform nanostructured ZnO layer was fabricated by direct metal oxide nanoimprinting for enhancing the efficiency of inverted BHJ OSC. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c3cc43053g'> </P>